Iimpembelelo zibandakanya i-preeclampsia, isifo sikashukela seGestational, kunye nokuKhula okuKhuselekileyo
Ukukhulelwa kunokukhathazeka. Lixesha lokutshintsha okukhulu ngaphakathi komzimba wesifazane, xa oomama abalindeleyo bazama ukukwenza izigqibo ezinempilo ukunika umntwana ongakazalwa ithuba lokukhula nokuphuhlisa ngokuqhelekileyo. Kukho ukutshintsha kokutya, kwaye ukulala ngokuqinisekileyo kunikwa ingqalelo ngokucokisekileyo. Ziziphi iimiphumo zobomi bokulala ngexesha lokukhulelwa ?
Funda malunga nemiphumo yokungalali kakuhle kumama okhuselekileyo, ukukhulelwa ngokwawo, kunye nomntwana okhulayo.
Iingxaki zoMama ziquka ukunyuka kwegazi kunye nesifo sikashukela
Ubuthongo obubi bungabangela impembelelo embi kwimpilo, kwaye kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo, ezinokubangela iingxaki zomama ezifana nokuxinzeleleka kwegazi kunye nesifo sikashukela. Yintoni eyenza ulwalamano?
Ukunqongophala nokukhusela i-apnea yokulala ngokukhawuleza ikhula okanye ibuhlungu ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ingakumbi ngexesha lesibini nelithathu lesithathu. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ukulala kwe-apnea kuphazamisa i-10% yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, kwaye ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumula ngexesha lokulala kunokuba nemiphumo emibi, kuquka:
- Uxinzelelo oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu)
- Preeclampsia
- Isifo sikashukela
- I-blood pressure
Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ekukhulelweni lukhona xa uxinzelelo lwegazi lulinganiswa ukuba lukhulu kunama-140/90 mm Hg ngezihlandlo eziphindaphindiweyo emva kweeveki ezingama-20 zokunyuka kwabasetyhini ngaphandle kokuqala kwengozi.
Ukuba iprotheni iphinda ibonwe kumchamo, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-preeclampsia ingenzeka, ehambelana nokulimala komzimba kumama. I-Preeclampsia yandisa umngcipheko wokufa ngenxa yomama nomntwana.
Inani lezinto ezifunyenweyo zidibene ne-preeclampsia. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kwiimeko zokulondoloza okungapheliyo, malunga ne-59% yabasetyhini abasengaphambili ngaphambili.
Oku kunokuba negalelo ekukhuphukeni kwindlela yokuhamba, okuya kuthi yanciphise inqanawa apho umoya kufuneka uqhube khona. Abasetyhini abafumana ubunzima obuninzi okanye abanomxholo omkhulu weentamo bangaba ngumngcipheko owongeziweyo. Ezi zinto zibangela ukuwa kwe-airway kunye nobunzima bokuphefumula ngexesha lokulala.
Ezi zithuba zokuphefumla, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-apnea, zinokudityaniswa ne-surges kwixinzelelo legazi. Ezi ndawo zingakhokelela ekutshintsheni kwimida yegazi kunye nokwandisa uxinzelelo lwegazi jikelele. Oku kunokunciphisa umthamo wegazi ugxothwe yintliziyo, ukunciphisa ukuphuma komzimba. Ngenxa yoko, ukugeleza kwegazi ukuya kumntwana ngokugqithiseleyo kungacetyiswa.
Ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kwegazi kwintsana ekhulayo, kunokuhlaselwa ngamanqanaba e-oxygen. Oku kunokuba negalelo ekukhutsheni ukukhula komntwana okhulayo, kunye neziphumo ezikhuselekileyo zokukhulelwa.
Ukongezelela, ukulahleka okungapheliyo kwindlala yokulala ubunokwandisa umngcipheko wokukhula ukukhuluphala kunye nesifo sikashukela. Oku kubangelwe utshintsho kumgaqo we-glucose nokulawula ukutya. Ngenxa yobuninzi bokuzihlaziya, kukho ingozi enkulu yokwenza isifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela. I-apnea yokulala ngokulinganayo, kunye nokuphazamiseka okungenani kwe-15 ukuphefumula ngeyure yokulala, kunye ne- naps ende, inxulumene namazinga aphezulu e-glucose.
Indlela Ubuthongo Obuthathaka Buchaphazela Uphuhliso Olukhulayo
Umntwana okhulayo ufuna ukunikezelwa okunokuthenjwa kwezondlo, kuquka i-oxygen. Xa ubuthongo buphazamiseka, ingakumbi xa igazi liphuma kwi-placenta lonakaliswe, kukho imiphumo ebalulekileyo.
Ukulala okungapheliyo, okanye ukwahlula kobuthongo obukhulu, kunokunciphisa inani lokukhula kwehomoni. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuphuculeni iingxaki okanye ukukhula kwintsana engakazalwa.
Kuqondwa kakuhle ukuba kwanokuncipha okuncinci kumanqanaba e-oksijeni womama kungalimaza umntwana. Xa igazi likamama i-oksijeni iwa, umntwana uyasabela ngokukhawuleza kwintliziyo yesigqi kunye ne-acidosis.
Ukugeleza kwegazi ukuya kumntwana kufutshane ngexesha lokulala, kwaye amazinga oksijini awela ngexesha lokulala ngenxa yokulala kwe-apnea iya kuba nefuthe elikhulu.
Ukuxinwa kweNgxaki kunye neNdima yeZingenelelo
Ngokucacileyo, ukugcoba nokulala i-apnea kuya kwandisa umngcipheko weengxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Iingxaki zempilo ezongeziweyo ezifana nokukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela, i-asthma, kunye nokutshaya ziya kwenza ukuba ubunzima bube bunzima.
Ngenxa yoko, kukho ingozi eyongezelelekileyo yokunikezelwa kwangethuba, ukukhawulelwa kokukhula, kunye nokukwazi ukufumana iingxaki zempilo, okanye ukufa, usana olunsana olusandula. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuba abafazi kwi-trimester yesithathu abalala ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-6 ubusuku bonke basebenze ixesha elide kwaye amaxesha angama-4.5 aphakamileyo aphezulu kwinqanaba learhente xa kuthelekiswa nalabo bafumana iiyure ezili-7 zokulala okanye ngaphezulu. Kukho ukuqonda okuphakamileyo kwintlungu kulabo abalele ngaphantsi. Ukunyuswa kokulala kungaphazamisa ukuqhubela phambili kwezabasebenzi.
Imilinganiselo enganeleyo okanye ubuninzi bokulala inganciphisa umsebenzi womsebenzi womhla nomoya, mhlawumbi kubangela iingxaki ngokuqwalasela, ukuxininisa kunye nememori. Iziganeko eziphezulu zokudandatheka zingabangela. Le micimbi inokuchaphazela ukunxibelelana kunye nentlalo yoluntu. Kubafazi abaninzi, le micimbi ingaqhubeka kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokunikezelwa, ingakumbi ngenxa yokutya komntwana ebusuku kunokuqhubeka nokuqhekeka kokulala.
Izifundo zibonise abafazi nge-preeclampsia banomgangatho obuthakathaka bokulala kunye nokwanda kwe-wave-wave wave kunye nokunciphisa ukunyakaza kwamehlo okukhawuleza (REM) ukulala. Ukongezelela, bathabathela rhoqo. Ngethamsanqa, ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lwe-airway (CPAP) kunokuphucula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ne-oxygenation kumntwana. Oku kunokuvumela ukukhulelwa kuqhube phambili, okukhokelela kwisisindo sokuzalwa esiqhelekileyo nokuphucula iziphumo zentsana ekuhambisweni.
Phantse bonke abafazi, ingakumbi abo banesisindo okanye baninzi, banenkinga yokulala ngexesha elithile ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Uninzi lwengcinezelo luhambelana nokungaqiniseki malunga nokuba iingxaki ziqhelekileyo okanye azikho. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokuba ubunzima bakho bokulala bunokuchaphazela umntwana wakho okhulayo, thetha nodokotela wakho. Kunokuba luncedo ukuphonononga imikhuba yakho yokulala kunye nezinto ezinokubangela ukulala ukulahleka. Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokunyangwa kweengxaki zokulala ziza kwenza ukuba ukukhulelwa kukubekezeleke kwaye kukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingcono zentsana yakho. Oku kuza kubakhokelela ekutshintsheni ngakumbi ukusuka ekukhulelwe ukuya kumama.
Umthombo:
Kryger, MH et al . "Imigaqo kunye nokuSebenza kweMithi yokulala." I-ExpertConsult , i-5th edition, 2011, iphe. 1582-1584.