Yintoni esiyifunayo kunye nendlela abaPhando ngayo
Ukususela kwiintsuku zokuqala zeNTSHOLONGWANE KAGAWULAYO, izazinzulu ziye zabona abantu abanesifo sengculaza abangazange bathuthuke kwi- AIDS kwaye bakwazi ukugcina izibalo ze-CD4 ezizinzileyo kunye nemithwalo engavumelekiyo yentsholongwane ngaphandle kwonyango, ngokuphindaphindiweyo amashumi eminyaka.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, njengoko inzululwazi ze-HIV sele iqalile ukuqhubela phambili, uninzi lwezongenelelo zonyango luye lwabonakala lube nefuthe elifanayo (okanye elifanayo) kubantu abane-HIV-nentsholongwane-nangona kubonakala ngathi "icacile" intsholongwane ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni.
Oko esikufundileyo-kwaye siqhubeka sifunda-kuba bantu ngabanye banokuthi banike isosayensi ngolwazi olunye olufunekayo ukuze lukwazi ukuguqula inkqubela ye-HIV okanye ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo i-HIV.
Nantsi umboniso omfutshane wamaqela okanye abantu abaye "bakhohlise" i-HIV kwaye bancedisa ukuqhubela phambili izazi ze-HIV:
UStephen Crohn, "Umntu Ongenakufumana I-AIDS"
UStephen Crohn, owayebizwa ngokuthi "Indoda engakwazi ukufumana ingculaza" ngephephandaba lase-UK elizimeleyo, lafunyaniswa ukuba lalinomntu obizwa ngokuba yi-"delta 32" ukuguquka kwe- CCR5 yamaseli akhe e-CD4, utshintsho olwenza Intsholongwane kaGawulayo ekungeneni kwamaseli e-immune. UCrohn waqala ukuqwalaselwa nguDkt. Bill Paxton we-Aaron Diamond yoPhando lwe-AIDS ngo-1996 emva kokuba iimvavanyo zingabonakali zibonakaliso zentsholongwane nangona zineentsebenziswano ezininzi zesini, bonke abafa nge-AIDS. Ukuguqulwa kwentshukumo kuye kwafunyanwa ngaphantsi kwe-1% yabemi.
Ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-CCR5-delta-32 "ukuguqulwa kwezinto kwaholela ekuphuhliseni i-CCR5 ye-classic drug-class Selzentry (maraviroc) , kunye nenkqubo yokutshintshwa kwe-cell stem esetyenziselwa" ukunyanga ukusebenza "isigulane sikaGawulayo uTimothy Ray Brown ngo-2009 ( bonayo ngezantsi ).
Wazalelwa ngo-1946, uCrohn wazibulala ngo-Agasti 23, 2013, eneminyaka engama-66.
UTimoti Ray Brown, "Umonde waseBerlin"
UTimoti Ray Brown, owaziwa nangokuthi "ngumonde waseBerlin," ngumntu wokuqala okholelwa ukuba "uphilise" nge-HIV.
Wazalelwa e-US, uBrown wanikwa ukutsalwa komongo we-bone ngo-2009 ukunyanga i-leukemia yakhe. Iidanga kwiCheity Hospital eBerlin, eJamani sele ikhethe i-stem donor neikopi ezimbini ze-CCR5-delta-32 mutation, ezaziwa ukuba zinikezele ukunyanzelwa kwe-HIV. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olwenziwa emva nje kokuba ukufakelwa kwembonakalo kubonakalise ukuba i-antibodies ye-HIV iyancipha ukuze kuphakanyiswe ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane kwinkqubo yakhe.
Ngelixa uBrown eqhubeka engabonakali nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, iziganeko ezibini ezilandelayo ze-stem transplants eziqhutyelwa oogqirha eBrigham kunye neSibhedlele sabasetyhini zahluleka ukufumana iziphumo ezifanayo, kunye nezigulane zombini ezifumana ukuguqulwa kwe-viral emva kweenyanga ezili-10 nezi-13 zeemvavanyo ezingabonakaliyo. Ezi zi gulane azange zifakelwe utshintsho lwe-Delta 32, nangona kunjalo.
"Umnikeli 45"
Ngo-2010, indoda engumfana wase-Afrika-waseMerika, eyaziwa nje ngokuthi "uMnikeli-45," yafunyanwa ine-anti-anti-anti-anti-HIV ebizwa ngokuba ngu-VRC01 ngabaPhandi beSikolo soPhando lwe-Vaccine kwiSizwe soBuquzi bezilwanyana kunye nezifo ezithintekayo (iNIAID).
Okubaluleke ngokukodwa malunga nokufunyanwa kukuba i-VRC01 inako ukubopha kwi-90% yazo zonke iintlobo zeengxaki ze-HIV, ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela intsholongwane njengoko intshozela intsholongwane.
Ngenxa yobuninzi be- genetic ye-HIV , amaninzi amaninzi omzimba angakwazi ukuphumeza le nqanaba lomsebenzi.
Ukufumanisa kuye kwandula uphando malunga nokuvuselelwa kwamanzi amaninzi , okuthintela olunye usuku okanye ukunciphisa ukuqhuma kwesifo ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-antiretroviral.
Uphando olulandelayo ngo-2011 lwafumanisa abemi abane-HIV abanesifo sengculaza abaneengxaki ezifanayo ze-VRC01.
Iqoqo leVisconti
Ngomhla ka-Apreli 2013, ibali le- Mississippi umntwana "uphilise ngokusemthethweni" le-HIV lithatha isihloko sehlabathi. Umntwana, onikwe unyango lwe-antiretroviral ngexesha lokuzalwa, wachazwa ukuba ususwe ngentsholongwane kwaye "uphilise" nge-HIV .
Ngexa ekugqibeleni umntwana uza kuba nokuhlaselwa kwintsholongwane ye-virus ngo-2014 , ukubuyisela amabango kwanoma yiphina indlela yokuphilisa, kuye kwahlala iziphakamiso ukuba ukungenelela kwangaphambili kweziyobisi kunokufumana inzuzo ngokukhusela i-HIV ukuba ifihle kwiindawo ezininzi zokugcina umzimba.
Ukulandela isithendeleko se-Mississippi kwimeko yokuzalwa yaseFransi apho izigulane eziyi-14 kwi-70 kwi-Visconti eqhubekayo zifundiswa ukuba zikwazi ukugcina imithwalo ye-viral ekhutshiwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokunyanga emva kokuba imiselwe i-antiretrovirals kwisithuba seveki ezilishumi zentsholongwane.
Kwimiba nganye, unyango luye lwayeka ngaphambi kwesigulane. Kule-14 ikwazi ukugcina ukunyanzelwa kwe-viral (pers for up seven years), amaxabiso e-CD4 anyuke ukusuka kumyinge we-500 ukuya ku-900 iiseli / mL ngelixa ukunyuka kwe-viral kwehla kuma-500,000 ukuya ngaphantsi kwama-cell / mL. Uphando olongezelelweyo luqhutyelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ngaba ezinye iimeko, i-genetic okanye i-virological, zenze igalelo kwiziphumo.
Uphononongo lwanceda ukukhuthaza ingxabano "yokuhlola nokuphatha" isicwangciso, apho unyango lwangaphambili lunokubambisana nokulawulwa kwintsholongwane. Ingaba ukungenelela kwangethuba kunokwenjenjalo ukubuyisela isifo-njengokuba abanye bacetyiswe kwi-caseis ye-Mississippi yintsana-ihlala ingathandabuzeki. Abaninzi abasemagunyeni ngoku bacebisa ukuba "ukuxolelwa okuqhubekayo" lixesha elifanelekileyo ngakumbi, ngenxa yeengxaki ezisekuqaleni kweemeko "zokunyanga okusebenzayo".
I-French Teen's Remoteable HIV
NgoJulayi 2015, izazi zenzululwazi zaseFransi zaphinda zivakalise iimeko zokutshintshwa kweNTSHOLONGWANE KAGAWULAYO, ngeli xesha kwintombazana eneminyaka engama-18 ubudala eyayinakho ukugcina ukunyanzeliswa kweentsholongwane kweminyaka eyi-12 ngaphandle kweyeza-antiretroviral. Njengomntwana we-Mississippi phambi kwakhe, umntwana usetyenziswe unyango oludibeneyo ngexesha lokuzalwa, elalimiselwe ngaphezu kwexesha leminyaka emihlanu-kaninzi kunye neempembelelo zokuguqulwa kwegciwane ngenxa yentsholongwane ye-HIV.
Ngomnyaka wesihlanu, abazali bakhe bamthabatha kwinkqubo yophando baze baphelisa ngokupheleleyo unyango. Xa babuya umva kamva, bona kunye nabaphandi bamangaliswa ukufumana ukuba umntwana unomthwalo ongenakulinganiswa wentsholongwane, into leyo intombazana eye yakwazi ukuyigcina kuyo.
Uphando lwexesha elizayo lujolise ekuchongeni iinkqubo, izakhi zofuzo okanye enye indlela, malunga nokulawulwa okunjalo kwintombazana yesiFrentshi kunye nabahlobo bakhe abadala kubantu baseVisconti.
Imithombo:
Hütter, G; Nowak, D .; Mossner, M .; okqhubekayo. Ulawulo olude lwexesha elide le-HIV yi-CCR5 Delta32 / Delta32 Isihloko-Ukutshintshwa kweSeli. I-New England Journal of Medicine. NgoFebruwari 12, 2009; 360: 692-698.
Zhang, Z; Wu, X; Longo, N .; okqhubekayo. Uluhlu olujulile kunye neempendulo zexesha elide lwempendulo ye-VRC01-like antibody's response in a person infected person. " Retrovirology. NgoSeptemba 13, 2012; 9 (2): O36.
ISikole seSizwe soButhathaka kunye neZifo ezithintekayo (iNIAID). "'U-Mississippi Baby' ngoku ufumane i-HIV, abaphandi bayifumana." ScienceDaily. Julayi 10, 2014.
Sáez-Cirión, A .; Bacchus, C; Hocqueloux, L .; okqhubekayo. I-Post-Treatment HIV-1 Abalawuli abane-Remote Virological Remission emva kokuphazamiseka kweNyango yokuqala ye-Antiretroviral I-ANRS VISCONTI. I-PLoS Pathology. Matshi 14, 2013; 0 (3): e1003211.
Frange, P .; Faye, A .; Avettand-Fenoëll, et al. "I-HIV-1 yokuxoxwa kwe-HIV ngesithuba seminyaka engaphezu kwe-11 emva kokuphazamiseka kwonyango lokuqala lwe-antiretroviral eqalisiwe kumntwana osulelekileyo." I-8 ye-IAS nkomfa kwi-Pathogenesis ye-HIV, unyango kunye nokukhusela; Julayi 20, 2015; Vancouver, British Columbia; Umlomo ongabonakaliyo MOAA0105LB.