Iimpawu, iingozi, kunye nokuxilongwa kwe-CTE
Kukhona ukuqonda okukhulayo phakathi kwamagqirha ukuba iingxaki ezifunyenwe emva kokulimala kwentloko azikhawulezi ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa kubantu abanokulimala kwamakhanda amaninzi, ikakhulukazi abadlali bezemidlalo kunye nabasemkhosini.
Ukulimala Kweentloko eziya kwiCTE
Akukho nzakalo enkulu yentloko efunekayo. Ukulimala kobuchopho obunzima (mTBI) okanye nokuba kwintlungu engancinci yentloko inokufaka isandla.
Emva kwesingxubusho, abanye abantu bafumana isifo sengqondo esiphezulu-siphumelelo (PCS) sokusasazeka , isicathulo kunye nokudideka. Kodwa i-CTE ingaphezulu kwexesha elide le-post-concussve syndrome-lwenzeka emva kweminyaka, ngokungafani ne-PCS, edla ngokukhawuleza emva kokulimala kwentloko.
Ezinye iingozi zeCTE
Nangona i-CTE ihluke kakhulu kwisifo se-Alzheimer ngeendlela ezininzi, ingaba nesabelo sengozi yobomi. I-ApoE4 yinto ebalulekileyo kakhulu yemfuyo ye-genetic risk for Alzheimer's late-morning. Abantu abaneenguquko ze-ApoE4 nazo ziye zaboniswa ukuba zixesha elide lokuphucula ukusuka kwingozi yokulima, kunye nokulahleka okungakumbi emva kokulimala kwentloko enye. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iiphando zicebise ukuba akukho nxu lumano phakathi kwe-CTE kunye ne-ApoE4. Uphando olungakumbi kule nxu lumano lufunekayo.
Abasetyhini babonakala befumana ixesha elide lokuphucula kwiinkomfa kunamadoda, kodwa awaziwa ukuba oku kukhokelela kumngcipheko ohlukeneyo wokuphuhlisa i-CTE.
Ubuninzi bobuchopho obufundwe nge-CTE beyindoda ngenxa yesininzi kubadlali beqhagamshelwano okanye abasebenzi basekuhlaleni. Inguqu yenguqu ehambelana ne-CTE ifumaneke nakubantu abaselula kakhulu abaneentloko ezininzi, kodwa utshintsho luyingozi kakhulu.
Ukuxilongwa
I-encephalopathy (i-CTE) engavumelekanga ngokusemthethweni ingakwazi ukufunyanwa kuphela yi-autopsy.
Ezinye iiprotheni, ezifana ne- tau kunye ne-TDP-43, ziqokelela kwingqondo. Oku kuyahlukileyo kwesifo se-Alzheimer, esibonisa i- beta-amyloid plaques, ekhoyo ngaphantsi kwesigama samatyala kunye ne-CTE. Ngaphezu koko, utshintsho lokuqala luqhelekileyo kwimivenge yegazi.
Nangona kukho isidingo esiphezulu sokuqinisekiswa nge-autopsy, kukho iimpawu ezicetyiswayo zeCTE, kubandakanywa oku kulandelayo:
- ukukhubazeka kwememori
- kunciphisa amandla okwenza izigqibo
- isigwebo esibi
- ukungakhathaleli
- ukulawulwa kwempembelelo
- ulwalamano
- ukudandatheka nokuzibulala
Ukongezelela, kukho impawu ezithile zeCTE ezingabakho, kubandakanywa:
- ubunzima kunye nokuhamba kunye nokuhamba
- Ukunciphisa, intetho edibeneyo
- I-Parkinsonism (inyikima, ukunyaniseka, kunye nokuhamba okucothayo)
Kukho i-subset encinci yezigulane ezine-CTE ezine-encephalomyelopathy (CTEM) engapheliyo. Le ngxaki ichaza iimpawu zesifo sikaLou Gehrig (ALS) , kunye nobuthathaka bomzimba kunye nokutshabalalisa, ubunzima bokugwinya, kunye neengcamango ezingasebenzi.
Kamva kwikhosi ye-CTE, izigulane ziya kuba neengqondo zokugula. Esikhundleni sokugula kwesifo se-Alzheimer, iimpawu zesifo esingapheliyo esiyingozi kakhulu kufana nokufana nokuziphatha komqondo we-frontotemporal (bvFTD).
Nangona kunjalo, i-CTE idla ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kwe-bvFTD, phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 kuya kwe-50 kunokuba ibe neminyaka engama-45 ukuya kuma-65 ubudala. Ukungafani kokuziphatha kwe-frontotemporal dementia kuhamba phambili ngokukhawuleza kunokuba i-CTE, kwaye kaninzi iqukethe i-genetic component yeCTE.
Iziphumo kwiBrain
Kukho ukunciphisa ubunzima bobuchopho kunye nokunciphisa i-corpus callosum, edibanisa i-hemispheres ezimbini zeengqondo.
Kukho kwakhona i-atrophy ye-lobe yangaphambili kwi-CTE. I-lobes yangaphambili ilawula ukukwazi kwethu ukwenza izigqibo ezintle kunye nesicwangciso, kunye nokuvumela ukuba sifumane izikhumbuzo.
Ezinye iindawo ezichaphazelekayo zobuchopho ziquka imizimba yamathambo kunye ne-hippocampus, ezibandakanyeka kwimemori, kunye ne-substantia nigra, echaphazelekayo ngokunyakaza.
Uvavanyo lweCTE
Nangona ukukwazisa uluntu nge-CTE kuye kwanda ngokukhawuleza nje, isayensi ngokuqhelekileyo ihamba ngokukhawuleza ukuphucula iimvavanyo ezizodwa kwingxaki. I- MRI inokukunceda ukulawula ezinye izifo, kwaye ingabonakalisa ukutshabalalisa ngokwemvelo kwe-amygdala, enokuthi iphakamise i-CTE njenge-diagnostic. Ezinye iindlela zokuhlola ezifana neMRI esebenzayo nazo zihlolisiswa.
CTE Treatment
Akukho nonyango etholakalayo kwi-CTE xa ikhulile. Nje ngokuba kunjalo, inqandwa yonyango elifanelekileyo.
Ukuthintela Kubalulekile
Imfuno yenkcubeko ekhuselekileyo kwimidlalo kunye nobomi bonke iya kugxininisa. Abadlali bebhola kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukuba babike xa bebandezeleka ngenxa yokulimala kwentloko, kwaye landela izikhokelo zokubuyela kumdlalo emva kokulimala. Kwakhona indima yabaqeqeshi ukufundisa abadlali babo iindlela ezichanekileyo zokukhusela. Kuhle ukudlala ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kubaluleke nakakhulu ukudlala ngokukhuselekileyo.
> Imithombo:
> Baugh, CM, et al. (2012). Inkathazo engapheliyo yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo: i-neurodegeneration elandela ukuphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokuxhomekeka kwengqondo. Ubungqina beBongo kunye nokuziphatha, 6 (2): 244-54.
> Saulle, M., & Greenwald, BD (2012). Inkathazo engapheliyo yokuphazamiseka: ukuhlaziywa. Uphando loPhando nokuSebenza, 816069. Epub 2012 Apr 10.
> Shively, S., Scher, AI, Perl, DP, & Diaz-Arrastia, R. (2012). I-Dementia ephuma kwiBrainatic Train Injury: Yintoni i-Pathology? I-Archives ye-Neurology, ngo- Julayi 9: 1-7.