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Isinyathelo 1 se-5 - Ukudibanisa okuqhelekileyo (iKnee)Amadolo ahlanganiswe ngamathambo amabini, i-femur ne-tibia, ehlanganiselwe kunye nemigqa emine-i-ligamental colalateral ligament, i-latal collateral ligament, i-latrious ligament, ne-posterior cruciate ligament.
I-patella (i-knee cap) inxalenye ye-anatomy yeqhelekileyo. Iziphelo ze-femur kunye ne-tibia, kunye ne-underside patella, zifakwe ngumbumba wokuqhafaza , indawo edibeneyo evumela ukunyakaza okungahambisani nentlungu, ukuhamba-ntlungu.
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Isinyathelo 2 se-5 - I-Synovial Fluid (eqhelekileyo i-Knee Joint)Umxhelo oqhelekileyo wamadolo ujikelezwe yimbumba, i synovium , evelisa inani elincinci lomninzi, obizwa ngokuba yi-synovial fluid. I-Synovial umthamo unceda ukondla i-cartilage kwaye igcine ilula. I-synovium nayo inomqolo ongaphandle onzima (i-capsule edibeneyo) ekhusela kwaye isekela idibeneyo .
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Isinyathelo 3 se-5 - I-Synovium echithwe (i-Rheumatoid Arthritis)Kwi- rheumatoid arthritis , isifo esizimele , umzimba uhlasela amaqela ayo. Amaseli egazi aseMhlophe, angama-agent e- immune system , ahamba kwi synovium kwaye enze inkqubo yokuvuvukala ivele, ebizwa ngokuba yi- synovitis esebenzayo. I synovium evuthayo ibangela ukufudumala , ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, kunye nentlungu kunye neenxa zonke ezihlangeneyo.
Ngokukodwa, ngexesha lokuvuvukala, i-synovium iyaqina kwaye ibangela ukuba intsebenziswano ikhule. Njengoko i-rheumatoid arthritis iqhubela phambili, iisensi ze-synovial ezingavamile ziyahlasela kwaye zilahle i-cartilage kunye nethambo ngaphakathi kokubambisana. Iimisipha ezijikelezayo, iigaments, kunye neetoni ziyancipha.
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Isinyathelo 4 se-5 - Ukulimala okuhlangeneyo (i-Osteoarthritis of Knee)Kwi- osteoarthritis, ebizwa ngokuba yi-arthritis yokugqoka kunye nokugqabhuka, uhla lwe-cartilage luye lwaphuka kwaye lugqoke . Ngezifo eziphambili, ukubola kwe-cartilage kunokuba nzima kangangokuba amathambo edibeneyo agubha ndawonye (okubhekwa njengethambo -ithambo ).
Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, kunye nesiphumo esinqingqiweyo sesiphumo sokuhamba . Idibeneyo ilahlekelwa yinto yayo eqhelekileyo ngexesha elide kwaye ikhubazeke, nayo. I-Bone spurs (i-osteophytes) ingahlakulela kunye nemida yehlangene. Izibini zethambo okanye i-cartilage ziyakhupha kwaye ziqhube ngaphakathi kwendawo edibeneyo, kubangela intlungu ngakumbi kunye nomonakalo (oko kukuthi, izidumbu ezivulekileyo).
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Inyathelo lesi-5 le-5 - Indawo ecacileyo ye-Knee PainIndawo yokubandezeleka kwamadolo inokuba luncedo ngolwazi xa ulinga ukufumana ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo. Ubuhlungu obuphambi kwamadolo bunokubangelwa yi- bursitis , i- arthritis , okanye i-softening ye-patella cartilage, njenge- chrondromalacia patella.
Ubuhlungu kwicala lexolo ngokuqhelekileyo linxulumene nokulimala kwiigulental ligaments, i-arthritis, okanye iinyembezi kumadoda . Ubuhlungu emva emadolweni bubangelwa yi-arthritis okanye i -cyst ye-Baker (ukuqokelela kwe-synovial fluid ngemuva kwegolo). Usulelo luya kuba yinto ebangela ukuba intlungu igule.
Nangona indawo yokudabuka kwamadolo inikeza izikhombisi ezibalulekileyo malunga nesizathu, izifundo zokucinga (i-ray-ray, i-CT scan, okanye i-MRI) zibone ubungqina obonakalayo bokulimala kunye nokungaqhelekanga. Ulwaphulo olulungileyo luxhomekeka ngokuchanekileyo ngokuchanekileyo kwezinto ezibangela ukuba ubuhlungu bakho bude.