Le galari yezithombe ziza kuhamba phakathi kwezinto eziqhelekileyo, i-molesome ne-melanoma ukuze ukwazi ukufunda nganye. Inqaku elibalulekileyo: Ukuxela i-moles kunye ne-melanoma ngaphandle akulula, nangenxa yezidermatologists kunye neminyaka yoqeqesho, ngoko qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelane nodokotela wakho ukuba unemibuzo.
I-Mole ejwayelekile (i-Nevus)
I-nevus yi-tumor (non-cancerous) isifo se-melanocytic, ebizwa ngokuba yi-mole. I-Nevi (ubuninzi be-nevus) ayidla ngokuzalwa kodwa iqala ukuvela kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo. Ininzi i-moles ayiyi kubangela nayiphi na ingxaki, kodwa umntu onama-moles aqhelekileyo angama-50 (okanye ngaphezulu kwama-5 atypical okanye "dysplastic" moles) unomngcipheko ophezulu wokuvelisa i-melanoma, uhlobo olushushu kakhulu lomhlaza wesikhumba .
I-Melanoma: I-Shared Irregularly
Lo mzobo we-melanoma umdlavuza wesikhumba somdlavuza wesikhumba ubonisa ukuba bahlala bebunjwa ngokungafaniyo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo.
I-melanoma yangaphambili ifunyenwe, bhetele ithuba lokuba unyango luphumelele. Ukuzihlolisisa rhoqo ngenyanga kunokunceda ufumane oko kusasa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isibonakaliso sokuqala se-melanoma sitshintshe ubungakanani, imilo, okanye umbala we-mole ekhoyo. Kwakhona kungabonakala njengelungu elitsha okanye elingaqhelekanga. Umgaqo "ABCDE" ungasetyenziselwa ukunceda ukukhumbula oko ukuwujonga.
UMilo oqhelekileyo: Ulungeleleneyo
Lo ngumzekelo we-mole ejwayelekile; qaphela ukuba phantse ngokugqibeleleyo. Iintsholongwane zeMelanoma zihluke ngoxa zihlala zixhomekeke.
Nangona ininzi i-moles inobungozi (engeyomhlaza), iintlobo ezithile zithatha umngcipheko ophezulu wokuvelisa i-melanoma. Inani elingu-2% ukuya kwi-8% yabantu base-US eCaucasian ine-moles ebizwa ngokuthi "dysplastic" okanye "i-atypical" nevi, ephezulu kunama-moles aqhelekileyo (amaninzi ama-5 mm ngapha nangaphezulu), eneemida ezingavumelekanga, kwaye imimandla eyahlukeneyo okanye imibala. Abantu abane-dysplastic nevi kunye nembali yentsapho ye-melanoma (i-syndrome eyaziwa ngokuba yi-FAMM) yingozi enkulu nakakhulu yokuvelisa i-melanoma esemncinane (ngaphantsi kwe-40).
I-Melanoma: I-Asymmetrical With Changes
Umzekelo wendlela izilonda ze-melanoma zihlala zi-asymmetrical (eziphambene), ngokungafani ne-moles ezingekho komhlaza.
Ukuba unama-moles angama-50 okanye ngaphezulu (okanye ama-5 okanye ngaphezulu "ama-dysplastic"), kufuneka uhlolisise isikhumba sakho ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamaxesha amaninzi ngonyaka. (Nangona ungenayo i-moles, kufuneka uyenze i-skin self-test once ngonyaka.) Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho:
- Indawo entsha, mhlawumbi enkulu, engasifanelanga, emnyama ebomvu kunye nemimandla emnyama okanye emnyama.
- I-mole elula eguqula umbala (ngokukodwa iguquka), ubukhulu (ukukhula), okanye ukuthungwa (kuba yinyani), kunye / okanye ukukhupha okanye ukuphuma kwegazi.
- Utshintsho olusolwayo kwi-mole ekhoyo okanye indawo.
- Isilonda esinomda ongavumelekanga kunye nombala obomvu, omhlophe, obomvu, obomvu, okanye obumnyama.
- Izilonda emnyama phantsi kweeminwe okanye izikhonkwane, kwiintendelezo, iingqungquthela, iingcebiso zeminwe kunye neenzwane, okanye kwiimbumba zamanqatha (isikhumba esilula umlomo, impumlo, isondo kunye ne-anus).
Umlayezo oqhelekileyo: Umbala omnye
I-mole eqhelekileyo iboniswa kulo mfanekiso. Qaphela ukuba umbala unye kuwo wonke umlenze - akukho mibala emininzi emnyama, emnyama, okanye emanzini, njengokuba ibonakala i-melanoma.
I-Melanoma: Umda ongalinganiyo
Le ngqumbo ye-melanoma inomda ongalinganiyo, otywebileyo okanye ongaqwanga. Le enye enye indlela yokwahlula i-melanoma kwi-moles eqhelekileyo, enokuthi ibe nemida ehamba phambili.
Umlenze oqhelekileyo: Uhlobo lweeBanga kunye nemibala
Ii-moles eziqhelekileyo ziza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye nemibala: (a) i-discoloration encinci ye-skin-like-like (ebizwa ngokuthi "macula"); (b) i-macule enkulu; (c) i-mole ephakanyiswe ngaphezu kwebala lesikhumba; kwaye (d) i-mole elahlekelwe ngumbala wayo omnyama. Akukho nanye kule mizekelo i-melanoma.
I-Melanoma: UMthetho we-ABCDE
Isilonda se-melanoma esinee-shades ezihlukeneyo ezimnyama, ezimnyama kunye ne-tan.
Umgaqo "ABCDE" ungasetyenziswa ukukunceda ukhumbule ukuba isifo se-melanoma sibukeka njani:
- I-Asymmetry : Ubume besiqingatha se-mole ihambelana nolunye.
- Umda : Imida ixaka, ingabonakali, okanye ikhutshwe.
- Umbala : Umbala uhlala ungalingani. Iimpawu zobumnyama, ezimdaka, kunye ne-tan zikhona. Imimandla emhlophe, imvi, ibomvu, okanye ibluhlaza ingabonwa.
- Ububanzi : Ubuninzi bubanzi bukhulu kunama-millimitha ayisithupha (ubukhulu bepencil eraser) okanye bukhule ngokukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, i-melanoma iyakwazi ukuza naluphi na ubukhulu.
- Ukuguquka : I-mole iguqukile ngobukhulu, imo, umbala, ukubonakala, okanye ukukhula kwindawo yesikhumba esidlulileyo. Kwakhona, xa i-melanoma ikhula kwi-mole ekhoyo, ukubunjwa kwe-mole iyakushintsha ibe nzima, i-lumpy, okanye i-scaly. Nangona isikhumba sinokuziva sihluke kwaye singase sitshathise, siphume, okanye siphume, i-melanoma ayisoloko ibangela intlungu.
Ukuba ubona naziphi zezi zinto zenzeke kwenye ye-moles yakho, qha ga mshelana nogqirha wakho.
Umlenze oqhelekileyo: Umda ongqalileyo
Imizekelo emininzi yee- moles eziqhelekileyo: (a) i-discoloration yesikhumba efana ne-tan okanye ebomvu, i-1 ukuya kwe-2 mm ububanzi, (b) i-skin color discoloration, (c) i-mole ephakanyiswayo ngaphantsi kwesikhumba, (d ) i-mole ephakanyiswa ngokucacileyo ngaphezu kwesikhumba, kunye (e) ne-pink colored color.
Zonke ezi ziqhelekileyo, kwaye i-mole enye ingakwazi ukuhamba kwezi zigaba ngaphaya kwexesha. Nangona kunjalo, zonke ziphethe umda ogqithiseleyo kwaye zihluke ngokucacileyo kwesikhumba esijikelezileyo, ngokungafani nesifo se-melanoma.
I-Melanoma: Iinguqu kwiSayizi
Ifoto yethu yokugqibela i-tumoromoma isifo esikhulu kwaye siphumelele ngaphezu kwexesha-uphawu olubalulekileyo lwesifo se-melanoma. Ukuba ubona nasinye isikhumba esikhankqalaza, ikakhulukazi esitsha okanye sitshintshwe ngesayizi, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho.
Khumbula, i-melanoma inokuphiliswa xa ifunyanwe ekuqaleni, ngokungafani neengxaki zamanomdla amaninzi. Ngoko ukwazi iziganeko zengozi kwaye uxoxe nabo ugqirha unokukunceda wenze indlela ephilileyo yokuphila kunye nokunyulwa kwezempilo. Ukuba unama-moles amaninzi okanye ezinye izinto ezinobungozi, kubalulekile ukuba uhlolisise rhoqo isikhumba sakho, ubone i- dermatologist iimviwo rhoqo, kwaye uzikhusele elangeni .