Ziyintoni, Ziziphi iingozi, kwaye Zihluke njani kwi-smoke?
Siva ezininzi malunga nomsi womsiza-obizwa ngokuba ngumsi womsi wocuba (ETS) -kodwa imiqathango emitsha njengomsi ogqithisileyo kunye nomsi oqhelekileyo unokukwenza ukuba le ngxabano idideke. Kuthetha ukuthini la magama, kwaye ziphi iingozi abazithwalayo?
Sibanzi
Umsi we-Sidestream (SSM) uchazwa njengomsi okhutshwayo ekupheleni kwesigaretti esivuthayo, i-cigar, okanye ipayipi.
Umsi we-Sidestream uhlukile kwenye i-term ebizwa ngokuba ngumsi oqhelekileyo (MSM). Umsi ogqithiseleyo ubhekisela kumsi okhungulwa ngumntu otshaya kwaye emva koko ukhuphe kwimvelo. Xa kusetshenziselwa umsi womsi wocima okanye umsi wesibindi, ziquka zombini umsi kunye nomsi oqhelekileyo.
Impawu zeSidestream Umsi
Ekubeni ama-85 engama-85 omsi womsi wesibindi ngumsi womlilo, bobabini abashunqayo nabangabhemiyo abakufuphi banokutshatyalaliswa okufanayo kwimiba yengqumbo yengqumbo.
Umsi we-Sidestream uyingozi nangona ixesha elide. Ukugqithisa komsi ngokugqithiseleyo kuphelile xa umntu ebeka ugwayi walo, kodwa umsi ogqithiseleyo ungagxotha-abachaphazelekayo kunye nabangabhemi kwixesha eliseleyo elichithwe kwigumbi.
Kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela umlinganiselo womsi ogqithiseleyo umntu ovelele kuwo. Ezinye zezi ziquka:
- Ukushisa komoya
- Uthotho
- Ukungena kwegumbi, imoto, okanye enye indawo apho ukutshaya kwenzeka khona
- Inani lababhemayo likhoyo
Ukwakhiwa
Kukho iinkulungwane eziliqela zamakhemikhali ezichazwe kumsi wocuba, apho ubuncinane abangama-60 bayakrokrwa ukuba babangele umdlavuza. Ezinye zeekhemikhali esiziyo zikhoyo kumsi ogqithisiweyo ziquka:
- Phenol
- Styrene
- I-Benzene - I-Benzene i- carcinogen (i-agent-causing agent) ecinga ukuba ibangela i-leukemi ne-lymphomas. Ingonakalisa umzimba wokuzivikela, ukuphakamisa umngcipheko wosuleleko.
- Hydrogen cyanide
- I-formalmaldede - I-formalmaldede idibene kunye ne-nasopharyngeal carcinoma kunye ne-leukemias. Oku kunokubangela ezinye izinto ekumsikeni ukufumana ukungena kwiinkalo ezinzulu kwimiphunga apho zingonakalisa khona.
- I-Nicotine - I-Nicotine ngokwayo ayibonakali ibangela umdlavuza kodwa ingasebenza kunye nezinye iibhox ukuze kubakho utshintsho olwenza umhlaza. I-Nicotine inokukunceda ekuqhubekeni nasekusabalaleni komhlaza .
- I-carbon monoxide
Isixa saloo makhemikhali emoyeni singahluka phakathi komsi ogqithisiweyo kunye nomsi oqhelekileyo. Ukwahlukana omnye kubangelwa ukutshabalalisa ukutshaya kweruba okubangela ukuphakama okuphezulu kweekhemikhali ze-carbon monoxide, i-2-naphthylamine, i-4-aminobiphenyl kunye ne-N-nitrosodimethylamine kunomsi oqhelekileyo otshaywa ngumsiyi.
- Ziziphi iikhemikhali eziseCigarettes kunye ne-cigarette smoke?
Iziphumo kwiBhunga
Uninzi lophando kule ndawo luye lwenziwe kwimicebe, kodwa iimpembelelo kubantu ziyaninzi. Umsi we-Sidestream uthinta inkqubo ye- nervous autonomic - inxalenye yesimiso senzwa esilawula intliziyo kwaye ifuthe uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nentliziyo.
Kwakhona kwonakalisa i-airways enkulu (i- bronchi ) kunye ne-airway encane (i- alveoli ) yemiphunga.
Umsi we-Sidestream uphinde uvelise inani elikhulu lama-leukocyte, ayenamaseli egazi ezimhlophe kwiistim e-immune zethu eziphendula izinto ezingavamile emzimbeni nokulwa nezifo. Umsi wesibindi (ukudibanisa i-SSM kunye ne-MSS) iphumela kwizigidi ezingama-150 ukuya ku-300,000 ezisezantsi zokuphefumula ezinsaneni nabantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-18, kunye ne-7 500 ukuya kwi-15,000 yezibhedlele ngonyaka.
Umsi we-Sidestream uye wafunyanwa ukunciphisa u-elasticity (ukuguquguquka kwemimoya) yemiphunga. ukuvimbela inzuzo yesisindo ekuveliseni izilwanyana, kwaye ukwandisa ukukhusela (kunye nokunyamezela) izifo zokuphefumula ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nokubandayo.
Umonakalo omde ovela kumsi ogqithisileyo uquka ukukhuthazwa kwe- atherogenisis - ukwakheka kwe-plaque kwiirridwe ezinokubangela kwiimeko ezifana nokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kunye neentsimbi. Kuqikelelwa ukuba umsi wesibambiso (kwakhona ukudibanisa i-SSM kunye ne-MSM) kubangela ukufa kweentliziyo ezingama-46,000 kubantu abangabhemi e-US minyaka yonke. Kusenokuba mhlawumbi ibeke iintsana ezityhila kwi-utero (ngelixa zisesibelethweni) kwisifo senhliziyo.
Umsi we-Sidestream ubangela ukuguqulwa kwesidoda kwimichiza yindoda.
Izingozi Neengozi
Akukho nqanaba elikhuselekileyo lokungcola komsi. Enyanisweni, i-Arhente yokuKhuselwa kweNdalo (i-EPA) ihlukanise ukutshaya okungaqhelekanga njengeklasi ye-carcinogen, oku kuthetha ukuba kukho idatha eyaneleyo yokubonisa ukuba ibangela umdlavuza kubantu.
Umsi we-Sidestream uyinkxalabo kunoma ubani, kodwa abantu abathile basengozini enkulu. Abafazi abakhulelwe kunye nabantwana abancinci banomngcipheko owongeziweyo, ngenxa yokuba ezi zihlandlo zesohlwayo ngokukhawuleza, kodwa nangenxa yokuba abantwana abangakazalwa kunye nabantwana bahlala behlala ixesha elide ukuhlala nomonakalo.
Xa kuninzi umdlavuza obangela ama-agent, kukho ixesha lokugqibela-ixesha lexesha apho kubonakala khona i-carcinogen kwaye umhlaza wexesha ukhula. Ukuba ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokulinda kweekhemikhali liyiminyaka engama-30, oku kukukhathazeka kakhulu kumntwana oneminyaka emi-2 kuneminyaka engama-80 ubudala.
Elinye iqela labantu ebunobungozi obuninzi kulabo abanezifo zonyango, ingakumbi izifo ezinxulumene nentliziyo kunye nemiphunga njenge-asthma, i-COPD, umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kunye nesifo se-coronary disease.
Umngcipheko we-Cancer ochaphazelekayo nomsi wesibini oquka i-SSM sele ifundwe ngokukhawuleza, kodwa siyazi izinto ezimbalwa. Ukubonakaliswa komsi wesistim wandisa umngcipheko womhlaza wamaphaphu, kwaye ama-3,000 amacala omhlaza wamaphaphu eMelika ngamnye ngonyaka anxulumene nalolu hlobo.
Umsi we-Sidestream ungongeza ukwanda komhlaza wesisu. Kwisifundo esinye safunyanwa ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa komsi ogqithisiweyo wawubaluleke kakhulu njengokubhema okutshayozayo (ukutshaya) xa kufikelele engozini yomhlaza wesifuba. Xa ukhangela abafazi ababenomdla wokubambela umsi womsi wesibindi, ingozi yabo yokuphucula umdlavuza webele we-foremenopausal yayingaphinda kabini njengabo babengabonakali ngotshanje.
I-Sidestream Umsi womlilo kunye nomsi oyiSinstream - Yintoni eyingozi?
Kukho ingxoxo malunga nokuba umsi ogqithisileyo ungabungozi ngakumbi kunomsi oqhelekileyo. Isishwankathelo (ukuphonononga uphando olusinyathelwanga yi-Philip Morris Inkampani,) lufumene ukuba:
- Umsi we-Sidestream wawuneengxube ezine ezine-toxic kwi-particulate matter
- Umsi we-Sidestream wawunezihlandlo eziphindwe kathathu ngeesyithi nganye ngegrama (ngesisindo)
- Umsi we-Sidestream wawunezihlandlo ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-6 ngaphezulu kwe-tumorigenic (umhlaza wesifo)
Ngokombutho we-American Lung Association, umsi ogqithisileyo ungabungozi ngezizathu ezibini: Ukuxinwa kweekhemikhali kuphezulu (ekubeni kutsha kukhulu lokushisa), kwaye kuvelisa iincinci ezincinci ezinokungena ngokulula kwaye zingene kwiifom imizimba.
I-Sidestream Umsila weCigar
Nangona abanye abantu becinga ukubhema i-cigar njengengozi encinci kunokuba yingozi nakakhulu kumntu ongabhemi ohlala eseduze. Ekubeni iiguba zihlala zide, zinika umlinganiselo omningi wokutshaya umsila ngaphezu koogwayi.
- I-cigar yokubhema ne-Cancer Cancer
Xa uMoya uhlamba
Emva kokuba umsi ogqithisileyo uphelalala ngokubonakalayo aze alahleke kwimeko yendalo, ingozi ihambe? Umzekelo, ukuba ungena kwigumbi apho umntu wayebhema iintsuku okanye iiveki ngaphambili, ingabe kukho ingozi? Akukho mntu uqinisekileyo ngokuthe ngqo ukuba yingxaki yintoni, kodwa yintoni eye yaqulunqwa "umsi wesithathu" unabanye abaphandi abachaphazelekayo.
Uninzi lweengqungquthela ezinobuthi ezikhoyo kumsi ogqithiseleyo (ezifana ne-arsenic kunye ne-cyanide) zihlala njengengqungquthela kwindawo apho umntu etshaya kwaye ahlale phezu kwexesha elide. Oku kungabangela ingxaki ngeendlela ezimbalwa. Iibhokheni zingenakunyulwa ngesikhumba (njengokuba umntanantwana ehamba ngeenxa zonke) okanye iinqununu zingabuyiselwa emoyeni njengegesi (kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-off-gassing.)
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba umsi wesithathu unomngcipheko omkhulu kunomsi ogqithiseleyo, kodwa de kube sisazi ngakumbi, ukuphepha umsi wesithathu kunye nomsi ogqithiseleyo kungabi yinto engalunganga.
Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo umsi, funda ngakumbi malunga nokutshaya nomhlaza , kwaye wenze isicwangciso sokuyeka namhlanje.
Imithombo:
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