I- plaque yesikhumba isilonda esiphezulu, esiqinileyo, esicacileyo esicacisa ngaphezu kweyentimitha enye ububanzi (ubuncinane ngaphezu kwehafu yesentimitha) kwaye inxulumene nenani leemeko zesikhumba, ngokuqhelekileyo i-psoriasis. Igama elithi plaque ngesiFrentshi "iplate" elifanelekileyo kuba izilonda zibukeka zifana nezicatshulwa ezincinci (ezingcolileyo).
Sibanzi
I-plaque yesikhumba, okanye isilonda esiyintloko, ingaba yincithakalo okanye ibonakale njengendawo ebanzi yesikhumba engabonakali ephakamileyo ngaphezu kwesikhumba.
Izibonda zesikhumba zikwazi ukuchaza imida okanye ayikho, kwaye zinokuthatha kwiimilo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kuquka:
- I-annular (enemiqhele)
- I-Arcuate (i-half-moon-shaped)
- Iipolygali (ezihlukeneyo kwaye zingekho iJometri)
- Iipolymorphic (imilo eyahlukeneyo)
- I-Serpiginous (inyoka)
- Poikilodermatous (variegated)
Iiplaca ziyakwazi ukuvela naphi na emzimbeni, kodwa zibonakala zihlala zihlala kwiindawo, iidolo, i-scalp kunye ne-back back. Umlinganiselo wesikhumba ochaphazelekayo ngamacwecwe uyahluka. Ngamanye amaxesha iiplantshi zesikhumba ziindawo ezimbalwa ezinokubonakala zifana ne-dandruff; Ngamanye amaxesha zikhukhula ezinkulu ezibandakanya amalungu amakhulu emzimbeni, njengemimiselo.
Iimpawu
Iimpawu ezinxulumene neelayi ziyahlukahluka kuxhomekeke kwimeko yesikhumba ekhoyo (jonga ngezantsi.) Ngokubanzi, ke, kukho impawu ezimbalwa ezihambelana neeplathi ezinxulumene nayo nayiphi na imeko:
- Ukutshisa nokutshisa
- Ukuxhalaba (ngokuqhelekileyo ukuvakalelwa, okungekho mbilini)
- Ukuvuvukala nokuqina kumalungu apho iiplati zikhona khona
Izizathu
Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo emva kokubunjwa kwamacwecwe, nangona i-plaque psoriasis iye yafundiswa kakhulu.
Nangona isizathu esona sizathu se-psoriasis asaziwa, kucingelwa ukuba sidibene ne-immune system kunye nohlobo lwe-white cell cell: i-T lymphocyte, okanye " T cell ". Iiseli ze-T zihlala zisebenza ukukhusela ii-virus kunye neebhaktheriya, kodwa kulabo abane-psoriasis, iiseli ze-T zisebenzisekile kwaye zilwa ngengozi kwiiseli zenyama.
Ngaloo ndlela, kukho ukwanda kwee-cell cell cells kunye nezinye iiseli ze-T neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, eziphazamisa umjikelezo wesikhumba.
Amaseli amatsha amatye afikelela kwinqanaba elingaphandle kwesikhumba ngokukhawuleza: kwiintsuku apho kuthatha iiveki. Ngenxa yokuba isikhumba efile kunye neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi azikwazi ukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, zakha kwaye zenze iindawo ezinqabileyo, ezinamaqabunga ekhanda.
Iimeko ezidibeneyo
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesikhumba kunye neemeko apho iiplathi zikhona khona. Ezi ziquka:
- I-eczema - Ebizwa nangokuthi i-atopic dermatitis, okanye i-dermatitis ye-allergic, i-rashes (kunye nee-plaque) ezivela kwi-eczema zixhomekeke ekuthinteleni into ethile edibanisa nesikhumba.
- I-Psoriasis - Imeko echaphazela ipesenti ezimbini zabantu, i-psoriasis inxulumene nenani lezinto ezibandakanya umsebenzi we-immune system, i-genetic predisposition, kunye nezixhobo zendalo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-psoriasis, kodwa i- psqueasis ye-plaque , eyaziwayo njenge-psoriasis vulgaris, ifom eqhelekileyo.
- I-Pityriasis rosea - Njenge-rash-short-term rash, i-pityriasis iqhubekile kakhulu kubantwana abadala kunye nabantu abadala. Isizathu asikwazanga kwangoku, kodwa sinokuthi sahluke kwezinye iimeko zesikhumba ezenza iiplagi zesikhumba ngobungqina bepaki yommemezeli , isiqwenga esikhulu kunye esinomtsalane esingaba intshi ukuya kuma-intshi amahlanu ububanzi obuqala kuqala.
- I-seborrheic dermatitis - Isifo sengqondo esikhuphayo esichaphazela isikhumba esinesigxina se-sebaceous, seborrheic iyaziwa ngokuba yimeko edala ukutshatyalaliswa.
- I-Tinea versicolor - Ebizwa ngokuba yi-pityriasis versicolor, i-tinea versicolor ivame ukudideka kunye nezinye iindawo. Ingulelo yesifo esibangelwa i-yeasts iPityrosporum okanye i- Pityrosporum ovale efunyenwe phezu kwesikhumba kunye nasezintweni zezinwele . Iba yingxaki kuphela xa kukho ukugqithisa kwefungus. Ekubeni umvubelo ogqithisayo uphela umkhiqizo we-melanin yi- melanocytes (imichiza eyenza i-tan), i-rash ihlala iguqulwa, ikhanya ngakumbi kunesikhumba esiphezulu. Kukho iimeko ezininzi ezandisa ingozi yale meko, ininzi ngokukhulelwa. Inokuthi ifumaneke kwiindlela ezifanayo nezinye izifo ezifayilini, kodwa zingabonakaliswa kwiklinikhi kunye nesibane seMithi. (Ngaphantsi kokukhanya okumnyama uhlazo luvutha umbala ophuzi.)
- I-Ringworm - I-Ringworm, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-tinea corporis, yinto enye isifo esinokuthi singabangela ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane eyaziwa njenge-dermatophytes. I-fungi iphile kwiiseli ezifileyo phezu kwesikhumba, kwaye zikhula ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kweminwe kunye neenzwane, kwisikratshi, I-fungus ikhula kwimimandla enobuninzi kwaye ivela rhoqo kwi-wrestlers, ngenxa yoqhagamshelwano olusondeleyo kunye nokujuluka. Ukucoceka okungcolileyo kunokunyusa ingozi.
Ukuxilongwa
Iiplanzi ziphela nje kweentlobo ezininzi zezilonda eziphambili ezibonisa isifo sobisi. Iiplani zinokuba ngumngeni wokufumana ukuxilonga ngenxa yokuba kuneemeko ezininzi zeekhumba ezinokubangela iiplathi, kodwa kukho ezinye iziphumo ezizodwa ezinganceda ekutsheleni le mibala. Ngokomzekelo, i-seborrheic dermatitis plaques i-scaly, itchy, ibomvu kwaye itholakala kwiindawo ezinamafutha omzimba, kubandakanya ubuso kunye nesifuba. I-Pityriasis rosea plaques iqala ngenye yepaki kunye nokusabalalisa. Iiplati nazo zifana namasebe emithi emigxobhozo.
Ukukhanya kweThi kungasetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-tinea versicolor, enokuthi ibonakale ihluke ngenxa ye-hypopigmentation. Uvavanyo lwe-KOH lunokuba lukhuthaze kwezinye zeemeko. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuxilongwa ngokucacileyo akunakwenziwa kweso sibuko okanye kusetyenziswe iimvavanyo zebhu, kunye ne-biopsy yolusu kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlolisise ingxaki yesikhumba.
Unyango
Unyango lwesikhumba luxhomekeke kwonyango lwesifo sengqondo. Oko kwathiwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuba izifo zesikhumba ezidibeneyo, iiplathi zihlala ziphendulwa unyango kunye ne -cream cream okanye i-ointment , njenge-corticosteroid okanye i- retinoid . Amachiza omlomo, njenge-antihistamine, inokumiselwa ukunceda ukulawula ukutshiza (ukutshonga kungabangela umjikelezo onobungozi nezinye zeemeko.) I-plaque psoriasis inokuphathwa ngokusetyenziswa kwonyango olulula.
Ukucoceka ngokufanelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-moisturizer, ukuhlamba i-oatmeal kunye nokukhanya kwelanga (ngoxa ugcwala i-SPF, kunjalo) konke kuthiwa kunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwaye kugcinwe isikhumba sempilweni, nangona kungenakukwazi ukukhusela ngokupheleleyo iiplathi ezivela kuyo.
> Imithombo:
> Errichetti, E., noG. Stinco. I-Dermoscopy kwi-General Dermatology: Uqikelelo oluSebenzayo. IDermatology kunye neyeza . 2016. 6 (4): 71-507.
> Kasper, uDennis L .., u-Anthony S. Fauci, noStephen L .. Hauser. Iinqununu zeHarrison zeMithi yoPhakathi. ENew York: imfundo kaMc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.