Inkcazo kunye neengozi zoMonakalo oPhezulu lweNkcazo
Ukuchithwa kweCognitive Understanding (SCI) kukuhla kwezinto ezicatshulwayo kwiinkqubo zakho zokucinga, esoloko zikhankanywe kwimemori yokusebenza. Kuyazithoba kuba abanye bebengaboni naluphi na ubunzima kwaye unokubhala amanqaku ngokuchanekileyo kwiimvavanyo zengcamango ezenzelwe ukukhenkceka kwengqondo ; Nangona kunjalo, uvakalelwa kukuba kuncipha. Umzekelo, unokwazi ukuba imemori yakho ayilungile njengoko yayisetyenziswa, okanye ukuba kunzima ukukhumbula igama elifanelekileyo ofuna ukuyisebenzisa ukuchaza into ethile.
Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo engaphantsi kwengqondo kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-subjective memory loss, i-memory memory disorder, i-memory memory loss, kunye nokuncipha kwengqondo.
Ngaba Unokukhathazeka Ukuba Unayo I-SCI?
Ewe kunye no. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukho uphando oluninzi olubonisa ukuba i-SCI ingaba enye yeempawu zokuqala ze-Alzheimer kunye nesifo sengqondo somqondo.
Ngokomzekelo, olunye uphando lwabandakanya abantu abangaphezu kwe-500 ababenokuhlolwa kweengxelo zonyaka. Abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba abavakalisa i-SCI kwiindawo zabo zokumisela ngokulandelelanayo bezihlandlo eziphindwe kathathu ukuba zifumaneke emva koko zifumane ukukhubazeka okungenangqondo okanye ukugula komqondo . Kuyathakazelisa ukuba izikhalazo zokuqala zenkumbulo ziyehla ngoomlinganiselo weminyaka emithandathu ngaphambi kokukhubazeka okunengqondo (imeko edlalwa ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa kungekho rhoqo, iqhubekela phambili ekudemeni kwengqondo) yafunyaniswa, kwaye malunga neminyaka emithandathu ngaphambi kokuba i-dementia ifumaneke.
Kwesinye isifundo, abo baxelele i-SCI nabo banakho amathuba okubonakalisa utshintsho kwiibongo zabo kwimifanekiso yokucinga, ngokukodwa kubonisa amanqanaba aphezulu eprotheni ye- beta-amyloid . Iinkxalabo ezichazwe ngabantu abanobuchopho babo babonisa inani eliphakamileyo leprotheni ye-beta-amyloid zazibandakanya ukuba iimvakalelo zabo zibi ngaphezu kweenkolelo zontanga kwaye ukuhlela nokubeka phambili imisebenzi (esebenzisa ukusebenza okusebenzayo ) kwakunzima kunokuba kwakuqhelekile.
Isifundo sesithathu savavanya abantu abadala abangaphezu kwama-2000 abaneminyaka engama-80 ubudala kwaye babuza ukuba babecinga ukuba imemori yabo yayingakumbi. Kwakhona babuzwa ukuba ngaba bekhathazekile malunga nokuncipha kwenkumbulo. Abo baphendula ewe kwimibuzo yomibini babenokuba baninzi kakhulu ukubonisa ukukhubazeka kwimemori ye-episodic (imemori yesiganeko esithile) emva kokuvavanya ukuvavanya iminyaka emibhozo emva kwabo bangakhange bavakalise inkxalabo ngememori yabo.
I-SCI iye yadibaniswa neenguqu zengqondo ezifana ne- hippocampal atrophy (i-shrinkage ngenxa yokufa kwesisele kule ndawo yengqondo).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uphando olwenziwe luphikisa umbono we-SCI oqhubela phambili kwi-MCI kunye nengqondo, kunye nesifundo esisodwa ekugqibeleni ukuba i-SCI "yimeko ebunobunzima." Kulo cwaningo, abaphandi balandela abanye abantu abane-SCI nabanye ngokuqatshelwa ngokuqhelekileyo iminyaka emithandathu. Babona umehluko omncinci ekusebenzeni kwengqiqo yamaqela amabini ekupheleni kwesifundo.
Olunye uphando lufumene ukuba i-SCI yayinxulumene kakhulu nomoya, ukuxinezeleka nokuxhalabisa. Ababhali bacetyiswa ukuba i-SCI ingafanele ingabonwa njengento ebonisa ukuba nayiphi na indlela yokunciphisa ingqiqo ngokwenene, kodwa kunokuba yayicinga ukuba ibhekiselele ngokugqithiseleyo kwimiba yesizwe.
Ukongeza, abantu abaye bafumanisa ukuba banesifo se-Alzheimer kungenzeka ukuba bangazi kakuhle ukulahlekelwa kwememori yabo. Inyaniso yokuba uyakwazi ukuchonga imemori yakho esebenza njengenkxalabo ibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwengcamango efanelekileyo, nangona ufumanisa ingxaki.
Yiyiphi enye i-SCI Ukuba ibonise?
Nangona i-SCI ingaba yinto engaphambili yokulahleka kweememori kweememori emva koko, ixhomekeke kwezinye iimeko ezingenza ukuba kubekho nzima kunokwenziwa kwengcamango kodwa kungabikho ukuphazamiseka okwangoku ekuqondeni. Ezi meko ziquka ukuxinezeleka kunye nokuxhalabisa, kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo kunye nezifo ezingapheliyo.
Kutheni ukugxila kwi-SCI?
I-SCI, ngelixa ngamanye amaxesha engahambelani nomqondo wokugula komzimba, kwezinye iimeko kuthathwa njengesicatshulwa sokuqala se-Alzheimer okanye olunye uhlobo lwesifo sengqondo. Abaphandi banomuvo wokuthi unokukhula kuqala, emva koko uphumelele ekudakaleni kwengqondo, kwaye ekugqibeleni uye kwi-Alzheimer okanye i-dementia efanayo.
Isizathu esona sihloko sokufunda i-SCI kukukunceda ekufumaneni nayiphi na inguqu yenkqubela ekuqaleni kwenkqubo yesifo. Ukufunyanwa kwangaphambili kwe- Alzheimer kunye nezinye i-dementias kubaluleke kakhulu kunyango olungcono kuba ezinye zonyango ziphumelele kakhulu phambi kokuba amandla okuqonda awancipha. Ukufumanisa kwangaphambili kukuvumela ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kwizilingo ezininzi zekliniki.
Yintoni okufanele uyenze Ukuba unayo i-SCI?
Okokuqala, ungakhathazeki. Nangona kuqondakala ukuba unokukhathazeka malunga nokulahlekelwa kweememori zakho, ngakumbi emva kokufunda ukuba kungaba ngumqondiso wokuba ingqondo ingakhula, khumbula ukuba amaninzi amanqaku e-SCI awayi kuba neengqondo.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba njengoko uneminyaka yobudala, isantya esiphezulu sokunxibelelana kolwazi sinokuphuculwa, kwaye oku kunguqu oluqhelekileyo olungenxulumene nokuphuhliswa kwengqondo.
Ukongezelela, uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba abantu abane-SCI abanomngcipheko omncinci weengxaki ze-cardiovascular and showing infropriation atrophy babengenakukwazi ukuphucula ixesha le-Alzheimer. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuhlala ngendlela ephilileyo ukunciphisa ingozi yempilo ye-cardiovascular factors kungase kube nako ukunciphisa ingozi ye-SCI ekuqhubekeni kwimeko engaphezulu yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Ekugqibeleni, gcinani engqondweni kumbutho oxoxwe ngawo ngaphambili phakathi kwe-SCI kunye nomoya. Ukuba uziva unayo i-SCI, cinga ukuba uhlolwe ukuxinezeleka nokuxhalabisa. Ukujongana nale nkxalabo yezempilo yengqondo kunokunokwenza lula iimpawu zakho ze-SCI kwaye uphucule umgangatho wobomi.
Uqeqesho lweCOGnitive for SCI
Uphononongo oluchazwe kwiNgxelo yeZifo ze-Alzheimer ngokuyinhloko ugxile kulo mbuzo: "Ngaba nantoni na enokuyenza?" Olu pho nonongo lubandakanye abantu abaneemfuno ezikhunjulwayo abaye bathatha inxaxheba kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqeqeshwa kwengqondo ezijoliswe ekujoliseni ukukhunjulwa kwememori ye-episodic. Ukulandela lo qeqesho, ukukhunjulwa kwememori yabathathi-nxaxheba kuye kwaphucula kwaye i-brains ye-gray grey volume ivolwe kwizinga elifaniswa nezifundo zolawulo (abanye abathatha inxaxheba ngaphandle kokukhathazeka kweememori nabo bafumana ukuqeqeshwa kwengqondo). Ingqalelo, umthamo ophezulu wengqondo uboniswe ukuba uhambelana nokusebenza okuphezulu kwengqondo.
Olunye uphando luye lwafumanisa indlela ye-MEND njengendlela efanelekileyo ekuncedeni ukuphazamisa iimpawu ze-SCI ne-MCI. Indlela ye- MEND yinkqubo yokwenza unyango olunezixhobo ezininzi ezisebenza ukujongana nemimandla emininzi enokuchaphazela ukuqonda, njengokutya, ukuxhaswa kwe-vithamini, umsebenzi owenziwe ngokomzimba, ukulala ngokwaneleyo kunye nokunye.
ILizwi
Kalula nje ngokuba ubona ukwehla kwekhono lokufumana amagama okanye imemori ayithethi ukuba unesifo se-Alzheimer, okanye ukuba uya kuphuhlisa eso sifo. Abanye abantu banokukwazi ukutshintsha okanye ukukhathazeka ngabo ngenxa yokungafani komntu. Kukho ezininzi izizathu ezihlukeneyo zokulahleka kweememori, kwaye ezinye zibonakala zixakeke kakhulu okanye zingenakulala ngokwaneleyo. Abanye, njenge- vitamin B12 , abanakho ukubuyiswa.
Ukulahleka kweememori kukuba kunjalo, kufuneka uhlawule kwaye ubike ngogqirha wakho. Unokwenza inxalenye yakho ukugcina ingqondo esebenzayo ngokutya ukutya okunempilo , ukusebenzisa umzimba, kunye nokuhlala usebenza ngengqondo, zonke ezidibaniswe nokuqonda ukuphucula.
Imithombo:
I-Alzheimer's Association. Ngokufutshane kwiingcali zezempilo. Iingongoma eziphambili zoPhando: Iingcamango ezixhomekeke kwiingxaki zengqondo zingaba yiNtsholongwane yeMpilo ye-Alzheimer's Early http://www.alz.org/documents_custom/inbrief_issue4_final.pdf
I-Alzheimer's Association International (I-AAIC) 2013. > Iziphumo zeF5-01-04, i-P4-178 kunye ne-P4-206.
> Cheng, Y., Chen, T. noChiu, M. (2017). Ukususela kwimpembelelo enokuqonda engqondweni yokunciphisa ukuqonda kwengqondo: ukuguqulwa kwengqondo kunye nendlela yokwenza izinto. Izifo Neuropsychiatric and Treatment , Umqulu 13, iphe.491-498. i-doi: 10.2147 / NDT.S123428.
> Hessen, E., Eckerström, M., Nordlund, et al. (2017). Ukunyamekela kwengqondo engaphantsi kwengqondo Kukho imeko enobunzima kwiMemori yeKlinikhi Abagulayo balandela iminyaka emi-6: I-Gothenburg-Oslo MCI Study. I-Dementia ne-Geriatric Disorders Disorders Okunye , 7 (1), iphe.1-14.
Ingxelo yeZifo ze-Alzheimer's. 2014 Jan 1; 41 (3): 779-91. Iimpembelelo zokuqeqeshwa kwengqondo kwimigangatho yemigca kwimigulane yeklinikhi yememori eneempawu zokukhubazeka kwememori. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24685630
> Yates, J., Clare, L. kunye no-Woods, R. (2015). Izikhalazo ezikhunjulwayo, iimvakalelo kunye ne-MCI: isifundo esilandelayo. Ukuguga kunye neMpilo yengqondo , 21 (3), iphe. 313-321.