Nangona ukugwinya kuthathwa njengesenzo esingenakunzima, isenzo esichukumisayo, ngokwenene siyinkqubo enzima kwaye ilungelelaniswa phakathi kweentlobo ezininzi kunye neentsholongwane.
Yingakho iimeko zengqondo, ezibonakaliswe ngumonakalo kwingqondo, emthonjeni okanye emantwini, zingabangela ubunzima bokugwinya (okubizwa ngokuba yi-dysphagia).
Izizathu Zeengqondo
Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zeengxaki zegazi ezinxulumene ne-dysphagia ziquka:
- Stroke
- Intlungu yentlekele
- Isifo sokugubhuka
- Umvakalelo yokitazo
- Dementia
- Ukuxhamla kwengqondo okanye umgca womgca
- Ukulimala komlingo wesibeleko
- Izifo ze-neuron
- Myopathy
Ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko ethile ye-neurological, umntu unokufumana i-dysphagia ngezizathu ezikhethekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, nge-stroke, umntu unokufumana ubunzima bokugwinya ngenxa yokuba kunokubakho ukungabikho okanye ukulibazisa ukuxilisa, ukuxhathisa imisipha yomqala, kunye nobunzima bokulawula ulwimi.
Esi sifo se-Parkinson , i-dysphagia inokuvela kwi-response acceleration response, kunye nesifo esibizwa ngokuba ngumlimi wokupompoza, apho ulwimi lomntu luhamba ngokuphindaphindiweyo nokuphindaphinda ukutya ukushiya umlomo.
Iimpawu kunye neengxaki
Ukujongana nobunzima kunokubangela umkhiqizo ogqithiseleyo we-saliva, ukuhlahlela, ukukhwehlela okanye ukukhahlela ngexesha lokutya, kwaye nokuba kunzima ukuthetha okanye ilizwi elimnyama. Ukusuleleka kwemiphunga ebizwa ngokuba yi- aspiration pneumonia inokuthi ivele, njengoko kunokunqongophala nokungondleki.
Ukuze ugweme ezi ngxaki ze-dysphagia, ukuvavanya kwesifo sengqondo kudla ngokuquka ukuhlolwa kokugwinya. Oku kunokukunceda ukuchonga i-dysphagia ngaphambi kokuba iingxaki zenzeke.
Iinjongo zoVavanyo
Iipilisi ezenzelwe ukuphucula ukugwinya zijolise ekuqiniseni izihlunu kunye nokwakha ukulungelelaniswa kwezibilini kunye nezihlunu ezibandakanya ukugwinya.
Enyanisweni, ukusebenzisa izihlunu zakho zokugwinya kuyindlela efanelekileyo yokuphucula amandla akho okugwinya.
Ukongeza kwimisebenzi ongayenza ngentetho yakho kwaye ugqibe ingcali, ungaphinda uphucule umsebenzi wakho wokugwinya kunye nokuzivocavoca ekhaya.
Nazi ezinye izenzo zokugwinya eziphuhliswe yiingcali zokuvuselela i-dysphagia.
Shaker Exercise
Umsebenzo olula ungabomeleza imisipha ukuphucula amandla akho okugwinya.
Ukwenza lo msebenzi, ulala phantsi uze uphakamise intloko yakho njengokungathi uzama ukulungisa amehlo akho kwizwane zakho. Ngexa uyenza oku, qiniseka ukuba ungaphakamisi amahlombe akho.
Kungcono ukwenza lo msebenzi kathathu ukuya kwisithandathu ngeentsuku ngeentsuku ezintandathu. Ukuba unako ukuphumelela ngokuphumelelayo, ngoko unako ukwandisa ixesha lokuphakanyiswa kwentloko nganye kwaye ukwandise inani lokuphindaphinda.
Hyoid Lift Maneuver
Lo msebenzi uza kukunceda ukhethe ukugwinya amandla omzimba kunye nokulawula.
Beka ezimbalwa izicatshulwa zephepha (malunga no-intshi enye ububanzi) phezu kwengubo okanye ithawula. Emva koko faka umquba emlonyeni wakho uze unamise enye yamaphepha ephepha kumxholo wayo. Gcina usana kwi-straw ukuze ugcine iphepha elifakwe kuyo, ulilethe indebe okanye isitya esifanayo kwaye unqabe.
Oku kuya kukhupha iphepha kwi-container.
Injongo yakho kwiseshoni nganye ukubeka iifom ezinamahlanu ukuya kwe-10 kwi-container.
Mendelsohn Maneuver
Ukusebenza okulula kusebenza kakhulu ekuphuculeni i-reflex yokugwinya. Kuquka ukugwinya umquba wakho. Ngokuqhelekileyo, njengokuba ummatha ungena kummandla ongekho emlonyeni wakho xa ugwinya, i-apple yakho ye-aple (indawo enzima malunga nomgca we-front phambi kwentamo yakho) iyanyuka iphinde iphinde ibuye.
Ukuze wenze lo msebenzi, gcina i-apple yakho ye-Adam ephakanyisiwe malunga nemizuzu emibili ukuya kwemihlanu ngalunye ixesha. Ukuze ukwazi ukuqonda kakuhle intshukumo, unokugcina i-apple yakho ye-Adam ephakanyiswe ngeminwe yakho ekuqaleni.
Phinda lo msebenzi ngamaxesha amaninzi ngemini de ukwazi ukulawula izihlunu zakho zokugwinya ngaphandle kokuncedwa ezandleni zakho.
Ukunyakaza okusemandleni
Injongo yalo msebenzi kukuphucula umnxibelelwano kunye nokuqhagamshelana phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswe ngexesha lomsebenzi wokugwinya.
Ngokwenene, lo msebenzi uquka ukugwinya. Kodwa njengokuba wenza njalo, kufuneka uzame ukucima zonke izihlunu zokugwinya njengokuba unzima. Awudingi ukugwinya ukutya ngexesha lomsebenzi. Ingqumbo eyomileyo iya kwenza.
Yenza oku kuluhlanu ukuya kwezihlandlo ezili-10, kathathu ngeentsuku ukuqinisa imisipha yakho.
Supraglottic Swallow
Umele uzame lo msebenzi ngaphandle kokutya kuqala. Njengoko uba ngcono ekusebenzeni, unokuzama ngokutya okwenziwe emlonyeni wakho.
Lo msebenzi unamanyathelo amathathu alula:
- Okokuqala, thatha umoya okhulu
- Gcina umoya wakho, njengoko ugwinya
- Ukukhwehlela ukucima nayiphi na i-residu ye-saliva okanye ukutya okuye kwadlula ngaphaya kwee-vocal cords
Super Supraglottic Swallow Maneuver
Lo msebenzi ufana nomqhubi ophakamileyo ochazwe ngasentla, kodwa nge-twist eyengeziwe.
Emva kokuba uthathe umoya obunzulu, ubethe phantsi xa ugwinya. Uxinzelelo luvelise uncedo ngokugwinya kunye nokwandisa amandla ezihlunu zakho zokugwinya.
ILizwi
Ukuba wena okanye umntu obathandayo unesifo se-dysphagia kwi-brain cause, le mizimba ingaphucula ukugwinya nokunceda ukukhusela intswelo kunye nokungondleki.
Ngethuba lokuvuselelwa kwegciwane, umgqirha wakho unokuncoma utshintsho lokutya ukuze uphucule ukugwinya njengokusebenzisa umquba okanye i-spoon, ukuthatha ukutya okuncinci kokutya, okanye ukusebenzisa i-thickener ukuze utywala amancinci amancinci.
> Imithombo:
> Hegland KW, iDavenport PW, i-Brandimore AE, i-FF ye-Singletary, iTroche MS. Ukuvuselelwa kokugwinya kunye nemisebenzi yokukhwehlela emva kokuphazamiseka: I-trial exiratory training muscle trial. IArch Phys Med Rehabil . 2016 Aug; 97 (8): 1345-51.
> Lembo AJ. (2017). Oropharyngeal dysphagia. Talley NJ, ed. Isemgangathweno. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> Izitshixo L, Arreola V, Mukherjee R, Swanson J, Clavé P. Imiphumo ye-xanthan gum-based thickener kumsebenzi wokugwinya kwezigulane ezine-dysphagia. I-Pharmacy Ther. 2014 Meyi; 39 (10): 1169-79.
> Tjaden K. Ukuthetha nokugwinya kwisifo sikaParkinson. Geriatr Top Rehabil . 2008; 24 (2): 115-26.