I-Myopathy iyigama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza izifo ze-muscle. Ukuba uye wafumanisa ukuba unesifo sengqondo, okanye ukuba uvavanywa okwangoku ukuba ulungele ukungathandabuzeki, kunethuba elinamandla lokuba awuzange uve nge-myopathy kude kube ngoku, ngenxa yokuba ayiqhelekanga njengenye iimeko zonyango. Unokuba nemibuzo malunga nenkqubo yokuxilonga, oko kufuneka ukulindele ngokubhekiselele kwiprojekti kunye nonyango, nokuba ngaba amanye amalungu osapho lwakho unokuba sebunciphekweni be-myopathy.
Yintoni i-Myopathy?
I-Myopathy ibhekisela kwisifo sezihlunu. Xa umntu enesifo sezihlunu, izihlunu zisebenza kangangoko kunokuba zifanele. Oku kuya kwenzeka xa izihlunu zingaphumeleli kakuhle, xa zonakaliswe, okanye xa zingabikho izinto ezibalulekileyo.
Imisipha ivame ukusebenza nge-contracting, oku kuthetha ukuba ibe mfutshane. Umzimba oqhelekileyo uqulethwe ngamaprotheni kunye nezinye izixhobo ezakhiweyo ngendlela edibeneyo ukuze usebenze nge-muscle. Xa naliphi na lezi zixhobo ezingenasiphelo, oku kunokubangela ukuba i-myopathy.
Kukho izimbalwa ezihlukahlukeneyo zesifo se-muscle, kwaye ngenxa yoko, kukho inani leemyopathies ezahlukeneyo. Ngamanye ama-myopathie ahlukeneyo anegama lalo elithile, isizathu, isethi yeemvavanyo zokuxilongwa, ukuhlaselwa kwangaphambili, kunye nonyango. Ezinye i-myopathies kulindeleke ukuba zibuhlungu ngaphezu kwexesha, ngelixa ezinye zizinzile. Uninzi lwe-myopathis luzafa, kwaye uninzi alukho.
Iimpawu
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-myopathy ibangela ubuthathaka obuthathaka. Umzekelo oqhelekileyo wobuthathaka uchazwa njengobuthathaka obunzima. Oku kuthetha ukuba izicathulo zeengalo ezingaphezulu kunye nemilenze ephezulu zibonakala zibuthathaka ngakumbi kunezihlunu zezandla okanye iinyawo. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-myopathy iyanciphisa imisipha yokuphefumula (imisipha elawula ukuphefumla).
Ezinye iimpawu zengqondo zibandakanya ukukhathala, ukungabi namandla, kunye nobuthakathaka obuthathakayo xa usuku luqhubeka okanye ubuthathaka obuqhubekayo kunye nokunyamezela.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa abantu bebeneminyaka engama-myopathy ngeminyaka, i-atrophy ye-muscle iqala ukukhula, yinto yokuqhekeza kwaye ichithe izihlunu, iyanciphisa amandla emisipha ngakumbi. I-Myopathy ivame ukuhlanganiswa nesimo esingaqhelekanga samathambo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokuba ubuthathaka obuthathaka buvimbela amathambo ukuba agcine isimo sakhe esifanelekileyo.
Ndingayazi Njani Ukuba NdineMyopathy?
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-myopathy yinkinga yokuxilongwa. Ukuba unempawu ye-myopathy, kukho ithuba elinamandla lokuba ufumane ukuthunyelwa kwi-neurologist okanye i-rheumatologist, okanye zombini, kuxhomekeka kukuphi na iimpawu zakho ezivelele.
Uvavanyo lokuxilonga luquka ukuhlolwa okucokisekileyo komzimba, kubandakanywa nokuhlolwa kwesikhumba sakho, iingcamango zakho, amandla akho emisipha, ukulinganisela kwakho kunye nokuvakalelwa kwakho. Ugqirha wakho uya kuthatha ingxelo yonyango enzulu kwaye akubuze malunga nembali yakho yonyango.
Kukho nenani leemvavanyo onokuyidingayo, kuxhomekeke kwimbali yakho yezonyango kunye nokufunyaniswa koviwo lwakho lomzimba. Ezi zivavanyo zibandakanya iimvavanyo zegazi, ezifana nokubala okupheleleyo kwegazi (CBC) kunye namanqanaba okhetho.
Ezinye iimvavanyo zegazi ziquka ixabiso le-sedryation sedimentation (ESR) kunye novavanyo lwe-anti-nuclear anti-antibody (ANA), olulinganisa ukuvuvukala. I-kinase ye-Creatase egazini inokuhlola ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha. Iimvavanyo ze-Thyroid, iimvavanyo ze- metololic kunye ne-endocrine zifuneka.
Olunye uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuthi i-electromyography (EMG) luvavanyo lombane oluvavanya umsebenzi we-muscle ngokusebenzisa ukusebenzisa iinaliti ezibona iimpawu ezininzi zesakhiwo sakho semisipha kunye nokunyakaza. Ngamanye amaxesha, iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne- muscle biopsy kunye nokuhlolwa kofuzo kunokunceda ukuxilonga ezinye iintlobo ze-myopathy.
Iintlobo
Ukutshutshiswa kwengqondo kubomvu kuthetha ukutshutshiswa komntu onokuzalwa naye.
Uninzi lwezi meko zikholelwa ukuba zifa okanye zigqityiwe kwiintsapho nge-genetics. Kwaye, nangona iimpawu ze-myopathies zentsana zivame ukuqala ebuncinci kakhulu, akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngamanye amaxesha izifo zonyango ezingenakuqala ukuvelisa iimpawu kude kube ngumntu osemtsha okanye nokuba ngumdala.
I-myopathies ezuzwe ngokuqhelekileyo iquka :
- I-myopathyrial myopathy : Lesi sifo esibangelwa sisiphako kwintsimba yokuvelisa amandla yeseli, ebizwa ngokuba yi- mitochondria . Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-mitochondrial myopathy, kwaye ngelixa zingabangelwa ziinguqu zendalo (ezingaqhelekanga kwiijethi) zinokuthi zenzeke ngaphandle kwembali yentsapho nhlobo.
- I-myopathy ye-Metabolic : Eli liqela lezifo ezibangelwa yimingcipheko ye-metabolic eziphazamisana nomsebenzi we-muscle. Kukho inani leemoto-mpilo ezahlukileyo ezizalisekayo ezibangelwa ziziphoso kwiijethi ezikhokelela kwii-enzyme ezithile eziyimfuneko ekuqhutyeni kwesisundu.
- I-Nemaline myopathy : Eli liqela leengxaki ezibonakaliswe nobukho bezakhiwo ezibizwa ngokuthi 'i-nemaline rod' kwiimisipha. I-Nemaline myopathy ivame ukudibaniswa nobuthakathaka bomzimba obuphefumulayo.
Ama-myopathies angamaqabane afaka:
- I-central myopathy eyona ngundoqo : Le ngxwabangxwabo yokufa eyenza ubuthathaka, iingxaki zethambo, kunye neempendulo ezinzima kumanye amayeza. Ubunzima beli sifo buhluka, kubangela ubuthathaka obukhulu phakathi kwabanye abantu kunye nobuthakathaka obuthile kwabanye.
- I-muscular dystrophy : Eli liqela lezifo ezibangelwa ukuguqulwa kwezihlunu okanye iiseli zesisu ezingaqhelekanga. Ngokwenene, i-dystrophy ye-muscular ayiyiyo ingqondo, kodwa ihlala ihamba kwiimpawu, kwaye ngoko uqale ufumane uhlolo lwezonyango olujoliswe ekuqaliseni ukuba unesifo se-myopathy okanye i-muscular dysstrophy. Uhlobo oluphambili phakathi kwe-myopathy kunye ne-muscular dystrophy kukuba izihlunu azisebenzi kakuhle kwi-myopathy, kanti izihlunu zihlaselwa kwi-dystrophic muscular.
I-Myopathy nayo ibangelwa ziintlobo zezifo ezivelisa uluhlu lweengxaki zomzimba ngaphezu kwemibandela yokuqhekeka kwemisipha.
I-myopathies efunyanwa ngokuqhelekileyo iquka:
- Ukunyamezela / ukuzimela ngokuzenzekelayo : Oku kwenzeka xa umzimba uhlaselwa ngokwawo, kubangela ukuguqulwa kwezihlunu okanye ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wemisipha. Kukho iqela le-myopathies elibonakalisa ukuvuvukala okanye kufuphi nomsizi. Ezinye zeemeko ziquka i- polymyositis , i-dermatomyositis, i-sarcoidosis, i-lupus, ne-rheumatoid arthritis.
- I-myopathy yetyhefu : Oku kwenzeka xa i-toxin, iyeza, okanye isicatshulwa sonakalisa isakhiwo somzimba okanye umsebenzi.
- I-Endocrine myopathy : Oku kwenzeka xa ukuphazamiseka kwama-hormone kukuphazamisa umsebenzi we-muscle. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-thyroid okanye i-adrenal gland iingxaki.
- I-myopathy echaphazelekayo : Oku kwenzeka xa usulelo luvimbela izihlunu ukuba zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo.
- I-Myopathy yecala kwi-electrolyte ukungalingani : Iingxaki ze-Electrolyte, ezinjengezinga eliphezulu kakhulu okanye eziphantsi kwe-potassium, zingaphazamisana nomsebenzi wezihlunu.
Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele Ukuba ndiba ne-Myopathy okanye i-Myopathy?
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukukhulelwa komntwana okubelethwe kulindeleke ukuba kube nzima okanye kuzinze ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye akulindeleke ukuba kuphuculwe. I-myopathies engenayo intsholongwane, njengokusuleleka, i-metabolic, okanye i-myopathies enetyhefu, inokuphucula xa i-myopathy ilawulwa kakuhle.
Ukuqonda kakuhle imeko yakho ebalulekileyo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesiphumo esihle kakhulu. Ukuba unalo uhlobo lwe-myopathy olungalindelekanga ukuba luphucule, kufuneka uqaphele ngokukhawuleza kwimicimbi efana ne-atrophy, izilonda zogonyamelo, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba uhlala uthatha inxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo kumathambo angokwenyama ukuze usebenze kakuhle.
Unyango
Akukho zonyango ezisebenzayo ezingakwazi ukuvuselela okanye ukuphilisa imisipha yakho ukunyanga i-myopathy. Xa kukho isizathu esibonakalayo, njengengxaki ye-endocrine, ukulungiswa kwesi sizathu kunokunceda ukuphucula iimpawu ze-myopathy, okanye mhlawumbi unokukunceda ukukhusela ukuba kungadluli.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkxaso yokuphefumula iyona candelo eliphambili kwi-myopathy ephambili, ukuze ukuphefumula kwakho kugcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo.
Ngaba Iintsapho Zami Ziza Kuthiwa Ukuba Nengqondo Ukuba Ndiba ne-Myopathy?
Ewe, ezinye i-myopathies ngokwenene zifa. Ukuba unesifo sengqondo sokuzalwa, kukho ithuba lokuba abanye babo abantakwabo, abantwana bakho, abantakwabo, kunye nabazalwana babo, okanye ezinye izalamane nazo zingahlakulela imopathy. Kubalulekile ukuvumela intsapho yakho ukuba iyazi malunga nemeko yakho, njengoko ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunokubanceda bafumane unyango olusenyangweni kunye nokunyamekela.
Ezinye ze-myopathies ezingakhange zithathwe ngokungqalileyo ukuba zizalwe ngumntwana okanye inzala zingasenokuba nethuba lokusebenza kwiintsapho, ngoko intsapho yakho ingaba yingozi kakhulu nangona unayo i-myopathy engaziwa njengelifa.
ILizwi
I-Myopathy ayiyona imeko eqhelekileyo. Isifo sesisu singakwazi ukuphazamisa umgangatho wobomi bakho. Nangona kunjalo, abaninzi abantu abafunyaniswa ukuba bane-myopathy bayakwazi ukugcina ubomi obuvelisayo, kubandakanya ukugcina umsebenzi owanelisayo kunye novuyo lwentsapho noluntu lwentlalo.
> Imithombo:
> I-Lundberg IE, uMiller FW, iTjärnlund A, iBottai M, J, Ukuxilongwa kunye nokuhlelwa kwe-myopathies yokuvuvukala kwe-idiopathic, i-Intern Med. 2016 Jul; 280 (1): 39-51