Ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi
I-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) isifo esibhubhisa kakhulu. Njengoko abantu abane-ALS bebuthathaka, ezininzi iinguqu ezinzulu, ezisongela ubomi ezenzekayo ezifunekayo ukujongana neqela lezonyango. Ukongezelela, kukho utshintsho olungasongela ubomi, kodwa ke, lunempembelelo kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla yabantu abane-ALS. Ukujongana nalezi zixhobo ze-ALS kunokunceda ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi kulabo bahluphekayo ngenxa yokugula okuphazamisayo.
Ubuhlungu kunye neCrapping
Ngokubangela i-neurons phondo yangaphambili yomgudu womgogodla ukuze idibeneyo, i-ALS ikhupha iisalathisi ezithunyelwe ukusuka ebuchosheni ukuya kwiimisipha. Ukongeza kwintlupheko, izihlunu zivakalelwa kukuba zithinteka. Ukongezelela, abantu abane-ALS banokuba buthathaka kakhulu ukwenza ukuba kubekho ukuhamba okungabonakaliyo okutshintshileyo kwisimo abantu abaninzi abasenzayo ukuba bahlale bekhululekile, oku kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu nentlungu.
Akucaci indlela yokuphucula ngokugqithiseleyo ukungonakali okungadibana ne-ALS. Izifundo zibonise ukuba umzimba unomvuzo othile. Ukwelula okulula kunye nokwenyango lonyango kunokunceda ukuphelisa ukungcola okuhambelana nesi sifo. Ezinye iimyeza eziye zaboniswa ukunceda zibandakanya i-baclofen, i-dantrolene, kunye ne-tizanidine kwiimfucu ze- muscle . Ubuhlungu obuhlobene ne-ALS bunokuphathwa ngamachiza aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa ukuphathwa kakubi, njenge-ibuprofen okanye i-acetaminophen, njengoko ukhokelwa ngugqirha.
Njengoko eso sifo siyaqhubeka, amayeza enamandla anokwakheka opiate angadingeka kodwa kufuneka asetyenziswe ngokuqaphela ngenxa yobungozi bokudandatheka okuphefumulayo, ingakumbi kumntu obesele buthathaka ngenxa yokugula kwakhe.
Cognition
I-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ngezinye izihlandlo ihamba ngokusondelana komqondo . Uqikelelo lwe-15 ukuya kwi-41 kwipesenti zezilwanyana ze-ALS zineenguqu ezinengqiqo, kuxhomekeke kwindlela ezi zivivinywa ngayo.
Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomdemokhrasi oluchaphazelekayo ne-ALS luyi- dementia ye-frontotemporal , kunye nokuguquka komuntu kunye nokulawula okungaphantsi komgudu. Kukho ukuvumelana okuncane malunga nendlela le-dementias inokuphathwa ngayo kakuhle, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo akukho mpiliso elula. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngokubonakalayo kunokubangelwa ukulala ngokwaneleyo okanye ukudakumba, ngoko kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba le nto iphathwa. Ngaphandle koko, ukulawulwa kwale ngxaki yokuxhomekeka komntu kuxhomekeke ekusebenziseni neqela elingabandakanya intlalontle, i-neurologist, kunye neengqondo ukulawula ukuziphatha komguli. Njengoko kunjalo, ukucwangcisa phambili kubalulekile.
Mood
Xa kukho konke utshintsho olubi oluza kuxilongwa nge-ALS, kufuneka ulindeleke ukuba uxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalabisa. Okumangalisa kukuba, ezi zintluko zivame ukungaqhelekanga kulabo abane-ALS kunezinye izifo, ezifana nokuhluthwa . Ukuba le mivo ikhona, ilawulwa kakuhle ngokudibanisa ukucebisa, unyango, kunye neyeza, ezinjenge-anti-depressants.
I-ALS inokubangela ezinye iinguqu ezibonisa ukuxinezeleka nokuxhalabisa. Ngokomzekelo, yintoni enokuvakalelwa kukuba ukuxinezeleka kunokusenokukhathala ngenxa yemigudu ye-muscular nokulala kakubi. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yokuguqulwa kweengxaki ze-ALS, izigulane zinokuchaphazeleka nge-pseudobulbar ezichaphazelayo, ziyaziwa ngokuba yingxaki yokungathinteki, okanye i-IEED.
Oku kuthetha ukuba iimvakalelo zabo zizinzile, kwaye ziyakwazi ukuhleka okanye ukukhala kwiimeko ezingafanelekiyo. Inhlanganisela ye-dextromethorphan kunye ne-quinidine iboniswe ukuba isebenze ekuncedeni le mpawu.
Ukulala
Ukungazinzanga kwi-ALS kunokudakalisa ukhathala, imizwa kunye nokuxininisa. Kwi-ALS, amandla okunciphisa ukuwa okanye ukulala ubangelwa ukuphefumula kokuqala kokuphefumula, ukuxhalaba, ukudandatheka okanye intlungu. Indlela efanelekileyo kukuzama ukuphatha ingxaki. Ngokomzekelo, unyango olwaneleyo lonyango luye lwaboniswa luba luncedo rhoqo kwizigulane ze-ALS ezihluphekileyo iingxaki zokulala.
Ukuba kunokwenzeka, amayeza okudambisa okanye amayeza ayenqunywe ngaphandle kweendlela zokugqibela, njengoko ezi zinto zivame ukunciphisa umshishini wokuphefumula.
NoNxibelelwano
Enye yezona nkalo ezixinzelelekileyo ze-ALS kukulahleka kwamandla okuthetha ngokuqhelekileyo. Njengoko izihlunu zobuso kunye ne-larynx ziyancipha, iindlela ezintsha zokunxibelelana ziya kufuneka zihlolwe. Ngenhlanhla, kukho inamba enkulu yezixhobo zonxibelelwano ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo, kuquka iibhodi ze-alfabhethi, iinkqubo zekhompyutha, i-Morse code, ukusetyenziswa kwe-anal sphincter, kunye nokunyuka kwamehlo enkcazo, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomntu. Ukusebenza nomlomo weengcali kunokuqinisekisa ukuba amandla okunxibelelana ahlala ehleliyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ukusebenzisa Unonophelo olulandelayo lwe-ALS
Iingcali ekunyamekelweni ngokugqithiseleyo zijolise ekugcineni izigulane zikhululekile. Le nto ayilona into efana ne- hospice , yindlela yokunyamekela ngokunyamekela izigulane ezintandathu kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo zobomi. Njengoko iimpawu ze-ALS nkqubela, abantu abaninzi banenzuzo ngokusebenza kunye neengcali kwiinkathalo zokunyamezela kunye ne-hospice ukuqinisekisa ukuba induduzo kunye nesithunzi siya kugcinwa ngokunokwenzeka.
Kubaluleka koCwangciso oluPhambili
Inxalenye yokukhululeka namhlanje ukwazi ukuba isicwangciso senzeke ngomso. I-ALS isifo esibulalayo , esivame ukuholela ekufeni kwiminyaka emihlanu. Nangona abanye abantu abane-ALS baphila ixesha elide, kubalulekile ukucwangcisa phambili. Ukongezelela, ukulahleka okungenakukuphepha kweendlela eziqhelekileyo zonxibelelwano kwenza izicwangciso ezicacileyo zonyango lwezempilo elizayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuchanekileyo zingaphi iintlobo zonyango eziza kuzinqweneleka phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ezifana nokukhubazeka okupheleleyo kunye nokunciphisa ingqondo , kufuneka ukuba kuqwalaselwe kwaye kuxoxwe ngazo. Ezi zigqibo zodwa, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba izifiso zakho zihlonishwe. Ukulungelelanisa ukuthanda okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamagqwetha anganceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba izifiso zakho ziyahlonishwa.
ALS Resources kunye nenkxaso
Ukuba usandul 'ufumane i-ALS okanye esinye isifo se-neuron, awuyedwa. Abanye baye bahamba nantoni na, kwaye kukho ezininzi iincwadi nezinye izibonelelo ezikhoyo kuwe. Ukusebenza kunye neklinikhi ye-neurology ye-multi-disciplinary isingcono kakhulu ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi nokuphucula ukuhanjiswa kwezempilo. Uya kufuna kwakhona uncedo lwabahlobo, intsapho, kunye nabanomdla njengokuba imeko yakho iqhubeka. Unganqikazi ukufikelela kubantu abafuna ukukuxhasa.
Imithombo:
RG Miller, MD, FAAN, CE uJackson, MD, FAAN, EJ Kasarskis, MD, PhD, FAAN, JD England, MD, FAAN, D. Forshew, RN, et al. Qalisa ukuhlaziywa kweParameter: Ukunyamekelwa kwesigulane nge-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Iziyobisi, izondlo kunye nempilo yokuphefumula (ukuhlaziywa okusekelwe kwisiseko). Ingxelo yeComitric Subcommittee ye-American Academy ye-Neurology, i-Neurology, ngo-Oktobha 13, 2009 vol. 73 no. 15 1218-1226
RG Miller, MD, FAAN, CE uJackson, MD, FAAN, EJ Kasarskis, MD, PhD, FAAN, JD England, MD, FAAN, D. Forshew, RN, et al. Qalisa ukuhlaziywa kweParameter: Ukunyamekelwa kwesigulane nge-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Ukunakekelwa kwemimiselo emininzi, ukulawulwa kwezibonakaliso, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo / ukuziphatha (ukuhlaziywa okusekelwe kwisiseko). Ingxelo yeKomiti yeMigangatho yeMigangatho ye-American Academy ye-Neurology, i-Neurology ngo-Oktobha 13, 2009 vol. 73 no. 15 1227-1233