I-telangiectasia ye-macular, ngezinye iinkcukacha ebizwa ngokuba yi-idiopathic juxtafoveal macular telangiectasia (kunye nesicatshulwa i-MacTel), isifo esichaphazela inxalenye yeso libizwa ngokuba yi-macula, kubangela ukutshabalaliswa okanye ukulahleka kombono ophakathi. I-macula iyinxalenye ye-retina, isalathisi esilumkileyo esilungele phambili kwiso. I-macula ivumela ukuba sibe nolwazi olucacileyo, olunzulu, olucacileyo.
I-telangiectasia ye-Macon ibangela izifo ngaphakathi kwemithambo emininzi yegazi echaphazela i-fovea yesiko, isikhulu se-macula.
Iintlobo
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-telangiectasia yama-macular, Uhlobo 1 kunye nohlobo lwe-2.
Uhlobo lwe-teluneectasia ye-1 ye-macular, ifom engavamile, ngokuqhelekileyo ichaphazela iso linye kuphela. Imithambo yegazi kwi-macula iyancipha kwaye ifake i-microaneurysms. I-microaneurysms zi-pochings ezincinane eziphuma kwimithambo yegazi. I-Fluid inokuyakha kwindawo ephezulu eyenza ukuvuvukala nokulahleka kombono.
Uhlobo lwesi-2 lwe-macular telangiectasia luyafana kakhulu. Imithambo yegazi kwi-macula iyancibilika kwaye ikhuphule umkhuhlane odala ukukhukhumeza kunye nokukhwabanisa oku kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kombono. Ngamanye amaxesha iimitha ezintsha zegazi zikhula ngaphantsi kwe-macula, ezichaphazela i-photoularceptors ye-macular kunye nokudala ukulahlekelwa kombono. Uhlobo lwe-2 lubachaphazela kokubili amehlo kunye nobabini, ngokuchasene nohlobo lwe-1, oludla ngokuchaphazela iliso elinye kuphela.
(I-teluneectasia ye-3 ye-macular ikhona kodwa ayiqabile kakhulu.
Izigulane ezineNdidi 3 ziba neenqwelo ezithengileyo, zibangele imivenge yegazi.
Iimpawu
Izigulane ezile meko zingenakho iminyaka emininzi okanye engenazo iimpawu. Njengoko eso sifo siyaqhubeka, unokufumana oku kulandelayo:
- Umbono obolileyo
- mbono
- ukulahleka kombono ophakathi
- ukunqumla iileta okanye amagama
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwe-telangiectasia ye-macular yenziwe ngokuqala ngokuhlola isohlo . Ugqirha lakho kwamehlo liya kwenza uvavanyo lwe-Amsler Grid ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho nayiphi na indawo ephosakeleyo kumbono wakho ophakathi. Abafundi bakho baya kuhlanjululwa ngamaconsi amacandelo anesifo esikhethekileyo ukuze i-macula ne-retina ibonakaliswe. Angathatha iifoto ze-digital retinal. Uvavanyo oluthile lwamajayi e-injection olubizwa ngokuthi i-fluorescein angiography lungenziwa kwakhona ukuze ubone indlela igazi elijikeleza ngayo ngaphakathi kwe-retina. Ekugqibeleni, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza u- co - optical coherence tomography (OCT), indlela entsha ehamba phambili yokuhlaziya isakhiwo kunye ne-anatomy ye-macular.
Kubalulekile ukungadibanisi lesi sifo ngokuchithwa kwe-macular ehlobene neminyaka . Nangona iimpawu zingafana, zivela kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
Unyango
Ngenxa yokuba i-telunectasia ye-macular ithathwa njengento engavumelekanga, kusekho into esingayiqondi ngokupheleleyo. Siyazi ukuba ezinye izigulane zifuna kuphela ukubeka iliso ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zingadingi unyango nonke. Ukuba imithwalo yegazi iqala ukuvuza umbane kwaye idale ukuvuvukala kunye nobunzima, oogqirha bangasebenzisa unyango lwe-laser ukuze bancede ukukhulula ukukhukhumeza nokunciphisa ingxaki.
I-Steroids ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziselwa ukuyeka ukutshaya, kwaye izidakamizwa ezitsha, ezinjenge-anti-VEGF (i-vascular endothelial growth factor), isetyenziselwa ukuyeka ukukhula kweemveliso zegazi ezingavamile.
Iprojekthi ye-MacTel
Kukho uphando lwezokwelapha olubizwa ngokuba yiProjekthi ye-MacTel. Isizathu sale projekthi kukuba imeko imele ixoxwe kuphela kwiminyaka engama-25 edluleyo kwaye akukho mininzi yolwazi olutsha kwimeko. Ngenxa yokuba isifo esingaqhelekanga, ngokusoloko silahlekelwa oogqirha bamaso. Kuthemba ukuba iprojekthi ye-MacTel iya kukhanyisa ukukhanya okutsha kwiinkalo zayo zeklinikhi, ukuveliswa kwemfuza, ukuqwashisa, unyango olutsha kunye nenkxaso kubantu abanesifo.
Abathathi-nxaxheba abangamakhulu amane babhalisiwe kwaye bahlolwa rhoqo ngonyaka, kunye nezihlobo zabathathi-nxaxheba zihlolwe kwakhona.