Isifo sikaHirschsprung sisisifo sokuzalwa esiswini ngenxa yokukhutshwa kwamathumbu emzimbeni.
Izifo zeHirschsprung
Isifo sikaHirschsprung asiqhelekanga, esenzeka malunga no-1 kuwo onke ama-5,000 okuzalwa.
Yibangelwa ukungabikho kwamangqamuzana e-ganglion (iiseliti zesigulane) ekupheleni kwekolon kunye nekota. I-peristalsis eqhelekileyo idinga ukuba amangqamuzana e-ganglion, ngoko-ke ngaphandle kwabo, awufumani iimpazamo ezinjengomtshangatshangiso zamathumbu ezihambisa izinto kunye, ezibangela ukuba zivunywe kwaye zivimbe ukuhamba kwe-stool ngaphandle kwekholoni.
Oku kuholele ekubanjweni, okuyiyona nto ibonakaliswa yile ngxaki.
Izifo zeHirschsprung's Symptoms
Iintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa ziya kudlula ukuhamba kwazo kuqala (i-tarry meconium emnyama) ngaphakathi kweeyure ezimashumi mabini anesine zobomi.
Uninzi lwabantwana abanesifo sikaHirschsprung luya kulibaziseka ekudluleleni i-meconium. Abanye abanye baya kuba nokuqhaqhazeka okungapheliyo kwinyanga yokuqala yobomi. Ngayiphi na indlela, kunokukhokelela ekuthintekeni kwamathumbu emathunjini, kunye nempawu kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nazo, kuquka:
- ukuvalelwa kwesisu
- ukuhlanza, okunokubakho
- ukutya okubi
- ukufumana ubunzima obunzima
Uvavanyo lweZifo zeHirschsprung
Ukuvavanywa okunokwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe isifo sikaHirschsprung kwaye kubandakanya:
- ii-ray-ray, ezingabonakalisa ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi emathunjini kunye nokungabikho kwegesi kunye nesigxina kwi-rectum
- i-enum ye-barium, enokubonisa indawo yenguqu okanye indawo phakathi kwekoloni eqhelekileyo kunye nommandla onqandekileyo ochaphazelekayo ngokungabikho kwamaseli e-ganglion
- i-manometry, umvavanyo olinganisa uxinzelelo lwe-anal anal sphincter kwi-rectum
Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, i-biopsy rectal yenziwe, emele ibonise ukungabi nakwii-celllion cells ezisekupheleni kwekolon kunye ne-rectum.
Ukuvavanyelwa kwe-Hirschsprung kufuneka kuqale nge-enema ye-barium.
Ukuba i-enum ye-barium iyinto eqhelekileyo, ngoko kukho ithuba eliphantsi kakhulu lomntwana ophethe iHirschsprung. Abantwana abane-enema ye-barium engafaneleko okanye abahlulekayo unyango lwexesha eliqhelekileyo lokubanjwa kufuneka baqhubeke beba ne-biopsy rectal.
Izifo zengqondo zeHirschsprung
Ukunyangwa kwesifo sikaHirschsprung kukulungiswa kokucoca, okuqulethwe kuqala ukudala i-colostomy kwaye emva koko kususe inxalenye yekholoni ngaphandle kweeseli zegrilion kunye nokudibanisa iindawo eziphilileyo ndawonye (ukuqhutyelwa komsebenzi).
Ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ukwenza inqanaba elilodwa-inqubo yokukrazula okanye nokuba wenze ukuhlinzwa ngokusesikweni.
Uhlobo lokulungiswa kokucoca luya kuxhomekeka kwimeko ethile yomntwana. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye iintsana zigula kakhulu xa zifunyaniswa ukuba zinezicwangciso zokuhlinzwa.
Oko Kufuneka Ukwazi Ngezifo ZaseHirschsprung
Ezinye izinto ezaziyo malunga nesifo sikaHirschsprung ziquka ukuba:
- Kwakhona kuthiwa yi-megacolon engama-congenital aganglionic
- ngokuqhelekileyo kubafana
- inokudityaniswa ne- Down syndrome , i-Waardenburg syndrome, i-neurofibromatosis, kunye nezinye i-syndromes kwaye kucatshangelwa ukuba ibangelwa utshintsho kwizityalo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo
- nangona kunjalo isifo sesintsana, amaHirschsprung maxa wambi akhankanywa kubantwana abadala abakhulelweyo, ingakumbi ukuba abazange bafumane ukunyakaza okuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokuncedisa okanye ukunyusa okanye ukungaxhamli kuze kube yilapho bexuswe ukuxiliswa
- Waqanjwa ngokuba nguHarald Hirschsprung, isifo sengqondo esichaza abantwana ababini ngengxaki ngo-1887 iCopenhagen
I-gastroenterologist yezilwanyana kunye nodokotela wezilwanyana unokukunceda ekuhloleni nasekuphatheni umntwana wakho ngesifo sikaHirschsprung.
> Imithombo:
Izifo zeHirschsprung. Izifo zesisu kunye neSifo seNtsholongwane (iTshintsho lesine), ngo-2011, iphepha 576-582.e2
Izifo zeHirschsprung. Ugqirha lwezilwanyana (Uluhlu lweShenxe), 2012, iphepha 1265-1278