Iyiphi indlela efanelekileyo yokufumanisa izifo ze-coronary disease?
Ukuchonga izifo ze-coronary disease (CAD) kungaba ngumngeni kuzo zonke izigulane kunye noogqirha babo kuba baninzi abantu abasengozini yeCAD kunye neemvavanyo ezininzi ezinokusetyenziswa. Ngubani omele ahlolwe, kwaye yiyiphi imvavanyo efunekayo?
Yintoni iCAD?
I-CAD isifo esingapheliyo seetriyari zeeronari . Kwi-CAD, i- atherosclerosis ibangela ukuba i-articular smooth, elastic stretter of arteries ibe nzima, igxilile kwaye igubungele " ngamacwecwe ," anikwe iiplisium, iifati kunye neeseli ezivuthayo ezingaqhelekanga.
Ezi zifake ziyakwazi ukutshintshela kumzila we-artery, okubangela ukukhutshwa okukhawulezileyo kokuhamba kwegazi, imeko ebangela ukuba i- angina ibangele. Iiplathi zingaphinda ziphule ngokukhawuleza, kubangele i-clot yegazi ibe yinto ebonakalayo ngaphakathi kwintsimbi ye-coronary eyenza ukuphazamiseka kwegazi ngokukhawuleza. Uninzi lweentlobo ze-myocardial ( ukuhlaselwa kwintliziyo ) zibangelwa ukuqhafaza kwe-plaque.
I-CAD isifo esingasigxina, isifo esiqhubekayo esivame ukuvela kwiminyaka emininzi ngaphambi kokuba umntu azi ukuba akukho nto iphosakeleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, okokuqala inkcazo yokuba kukho ingxaki xa kwenzeka isiganeko esingenakwenzeka, njenge-infyoction ye-myocardial okanye ukuboshwa kwentliziyo . Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba unomngcipheko ophezulu weCAD, akufanele ulinde iimpawu zokuphuhlisa ngaphambi kokuba ubone ukuba unenkinga.
Ukuchonga i-CAD
Ukuchonga "okubalulekileyo" kwiibhloko
Ngokwesiko, ukuxilongwa kwe-CAD kuye kuxhomekeke kwiimvavanyo ezikhangela ubungqina bokuba "iinjongo" ezibalulekileyo ngaphakathi kwemibhobho ye-coronary .
(Ngokuqhelekileyo, izazi ze-cardiologists ziqwalasela "ukuphazamiseka" okubangela ukuba i-70% okanye ngaphezulu isiteshi somthi.
Ukuhlolwa kovavanyo (okanye ukuvavanya uxinzelelo ) kudla ngokunceda ekufumaneni i-artery coronary arteries. Ukuvavanywa koxinzelelo oluvakalayo kunokuthi kuvelise iimpawu ze-angina kunye neenguqu eziphathekayo kwi-electrocardiogram (ECG) - iziphumo ezibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba i-blockages ikhona.
Funda Ngokumalunga Nokunyamezela Uxinzelelo
Ukuqhuba uvavanyo loxinzelelo ngokubambisana kunye ne- thallium / iCarololite isifundo okanye i- echocardiogram ithuthukisa ukukwazi ukufumana iirriyiti ze-coronary. I-Thallium kunye neCardiolite zizinto ezifakwe kwi-radioactive ezifakwe kwi-vein ngexesha lomzimba. Ezi zinto zithathwa kwi-heart muscle ngamarriyari e- coronary , ngaloo ndlela ivumela intliziyo ukuba ibe nomfanekiso ngekhamera ekhethekileyo. Ukuba enye okanye ngaphezulu yamarriyari ye-coronary ivinjiwe ngokukodwa, iindawo zesifo senhliziyo esinikezwa yizo mibhobho zibonakalisa emfanekisweni njengamabala amnyama. I-echocardiogram idala umfanekiso wentliziyo yokubetha usebenzisa amaza omsindo. Nayiphi na intshukumo engaqhelekanga kwimisipha yentliziyo ebonwe kwi- echocardiogram ngexesha lovavanyo luchaza i-CAD.
Funda malunga ne- thallium / i-Cardiolite yokuvavanya kunye ne- echocardiograms
Ukuba ukuhlolwa koxinzelelo kuphakamisa ngokucacileyo ukuba kukho enye okanye izithintelo ezininzi, izigulane ngokubanzi zibhekiswe kwi- catheterization yenyama . Injongo yenkcenkceshe kukubonisa ngokucacileyo indawo kunye nobukhulu bazo zonke izibilini ze-coronary blockages , ngokuqhelekileyo ngenjongo ye- angioplasty , i-stenting okanye i- surpass operation .
Funda ngeCatheterization yeCardiac
Iziphumo ezingenakuvakalayo eziphuhliswayo ezinokuthi zithathe enye indawo zifuneke zenze indawo yokufuna i-catheterization yenyama.
Ezi zibandakanya i-CT scan multislice kunye ne- MRI yenhliziyo . Ngelishwa, ayikho enye yale ndlela namhlanje inokutshintsha ngokupheleleyo isidingo sokunyanyiswa kwentliziyo .
Ukuchonga iiPlaques ezingabangeli iiBlockages ezibalulekileyo
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izazi ze-cardiologists ziye zaqonda ukuba zombini i- myocardial infarctions kunye ne- angina engaqinisekiyo kubangelwa ukuphuka kwamacwecwe kwiimitha ze- coronary . Kuye kwenzeka ukuba kwiindawo ezininzi ukuba kungengona matyala amaninzi, iiplati eziphelisa ukukhutshwa ziza kuthathwa njengento "engabalulekanga" (okt, kungabangeli ukukhutshwa okukhulu) ngaphambi kokuphuka kwabo. Yisona sivame ukuva ngabantu abanobuhlungu bentliziyo emva kokuxelelwa ukuba abanakho iCAD ebalulekileyo.
(Yilokho okwenzeka kumlobi weTV u-Tim Russert ngo-2008.)
Ekubeni naliphi na i-plaque iyakwazi ukuphuka, kuyakunceda ukwazi ukuba ngaba iiplati zikhoyo-nokuba zincinci. Abantu abanayo nayiphi na inani le-CAD kufuneka bathathe amanyathelo okuzinzisa iiplani kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphulwa kweplathi . (Amanyathelo amaninzi aquka ukulawulwa kwezinto ezijongene nobungozi, utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila, i- statins , ne-aspirin.)
Iziphumo ze-calcium zivela njengendlela efanelekileyo yokubona ubukho bemali encinci ye-CAD. Ukukhangela kwe-calcium yindlela ye-scan scan engakwazi ukulinganisa inani le- calcium deposits kwiimitha ze-coronary . Ekubeni i-calcium idibansi ngokubanzi ivela kwiipalo, ukulinganisa inani le-calcium kwimibhobho inika isibonakaliso sokuba ingaba i-CAD (kwaye ngoko i-plaques) ikhoyo kunye nokuba i-CAD ingakanani. Ngokukutshintsha ukuba ubuncinane ubuncinane be-CAD ukuvelisa i-plaque "engenangqondo," ukukhishwa kwekhalsiyumu kunokukuninika ithuba lokutshintsha indlela yokuphila, mhlawumbi uthathe imithi efanelekileyo, ngelixa kusekho ixesha lokukwenza.
Funda ngakumbi malunga neenkcazo zeCalcium kunye nabani onokuzuza kuzo
Imithombo:
Gibbons, RJ, Balady, GJ, Timothy Bricker, J, et al. I-ACC / AHA 2002 ubuhlaziyili bokuhlaziya uvavanyo: isishwankathelo. Ingxelo ye-American College of Cardiology / i-American Heart Association Task Force kwiZikhokelo zoQeqesho (iKomidi yokuHlaziya iziKhokelo zoVavanyo lwe-Exercise 1997). J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 40: 1531.
U-Califf, RM, Armstrong, PW, Carver, JR, et al. Umsebenzi wamaGrike 5. Ukuqulunqwa kwezigulane zibe ngamagqabantshi aphakamileyo, aphakathi nendawo aphantsi kobungozi ngenjongo yokulawulwa kweengxaki zobungozi. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; 27: 1007.