Ukugqithiswa kukuncipha kwixesha lokuhamba kwezitulo ezenziwe kakuhle kwaye kubonakala izitulo ezinzima kwaye ezincinci kwaye kunzima ukugxotha. Isimo esivumelanayo, esahlukileyo kubantu ngabanye ngokusekelwe kwipatheni yabo eqhelekileyo yokunyakaza kwamathumbu kunye neempawu zabo ezinzima. Inokubangelwa yiyiphi into ephungula intsholongwane yamanzi okanye isithintela amathumbu.
Ukugqithwa kwenzeka rhoqo kwizigulane eziseduze nokuphela kobomi. Izigulane zentsholongwane zineengxaki eziphezulu kakhulu, kunye neepesenti ezingama-70 ukuya kuma-100 ekhulwini kwizigulane ezithatyathwa ngexesha lokugula. Le meko ichaphazela umgangatho wobomi obuninzi. Kubangele ukukhathazeka ngokwenyama, kwezentlalo, nangokwengqondo kwizigulane, ezinokuchaphazela abo banonophelo.
Iimpawu
Umqondiso wokuqala wokumbombola uhla kwexesha kunye nomlinganiselo wokunyuka kwesibilini. Izigulane kunye nabanononophelo babo ngamanye amaxesha zibonisa ukuba oku kunciphisa ukutya okuncitshiswa kokutya okanye amanzi. Ngenxa yokuba ukuqhaqhayisa kukuthobela, oko kuthetha ntoni kwisigulane esinye kunokungafani omnye. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba isiguli sihlala sinentshukumo yemihla ngemihla kwaye ngokukhawuleza siqala ukuba nabo kathathu ngeveki, ukuqothulwa kufuneka kuqwalaselwe. Ukuba, nangona kunjalo, isigulane ngokuqhelekileyo sinentshukumo yentsholongwane yonke imihla, ukuhamba iintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu ngaphandle komnye kungenakuba yingxaki.
Ezinye iimpawu zokuqhaqha zibandakanya ukubetha , ukuvalelwa kwesisu , ukutshintsha kwindleko yegesi egqityiweyo, ukugubungela isisombululo samanzi, ubuhlungu bentlungu okanye uxinzelelo, iintlungu zomzimba kunye nokunyakaza, kunye nokukwazi ukunqumla. Ukuba ukumbathisa akuzange kulandelwe ixesha elide, i-nausea kunye nokuhlanza kuya kwenzeka.
Izizathu
Ukugqithiswa kungabangela isifo. Ukuqhaqha okuhlobene nomhlaza kungabangelwa ziimvumba okanye ezantsi kwimizimba yokutya, umgudu, okanye ummandla we-pelvic. Amathumbu angancinciza okanye avimbele isilonda okanye atyeke umlenze womathumbu.
Izifo ze-neurological-ezifana ne- Parkinson , i- MS kunye ne- ALS -zihlandlo zithile ziphazamisana nesondlo sezinyo. Isifo sikashukela sinokubangela ukuba neuropathy ibangele ukunciphisa ukunyakaza kwikholoni. Ezinye iimeko, ezifana ne-hypothyroidism, nazo zingabangela ukumbombozwa.
Ukuguquka kwendlela yokuphila njengokuba ukunciphisa ukutya kunye nokunyuka kwamanzi kungakhokelela kwi- hypercalcemia , okanye ukwanda kwe-calcium egazini, leyo leyo leyo ingakhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuxhamla kwamanzi kwisilonda, kubangele ukumbumba. Ubuthathaka kunye nomsebenzi wehla uchaphazela amandla okusebenzisa izihlunu zesigxathu esiswini kunye nokukhulula imisipha yomzimba, okuyimfuneko yokupheliswa okufanelekileyo.
Amachiza angabangela ukuba atyala. I-opioid analgesics, efana ne-morphine kunye ne-oksiododone, iyancipha ukunyanzelisa umthambo ngokukhusela phambili i-peristalsis kunye nokwandisa ithoni ye-sphincter yesi-anal. I-opioids yandisa ukwanda kwamanzi kunye ne-electrolytes emathunjini amakhulu kunye amancinci, okukhokelela kwizibini ezinzima, ezomileyo.
Amanye amayeza anokuba negalelo ekumanyeni afaka:
- Vinka alkaloid chemotherapy ezifana neVelban (vinblastine)
- Iziyobisi zeAnchocholinergic njengePhenergan (promethazine)
- I-Tricyclic antidepressants ezifana nePaxil (i-paroxetine)
- Izidakamizwa zeAntiparkinsonian ziquka i-levodopa
- Iitrato zongeza
- Ama-antihypertensives (imishanguzo yegazi ephezulu)
- I-Antihistamines njengoBenadryl (diphenhydramine)
- Antacids
- Diuretics kuquka uLasix (furosemide)
Ndingawuthintela njani okanye ndingaphathise ukutyunjwa?
Ukuthintela ngokubambisa ukukhusela kusekelwe ekutheni ukondla okwaneleyo, ukutya okufanelekileyo, kunye nokusebenza ngokomzimba (ukukhuthelela kubangela izibilini).
Imithombo:
IKinzbrunner, i-BM; Weinreb, NJ; Ipolisi, iJS; 20 Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo: Ukuphela koKhathalelo loBomi, uMqulu we-McGraw-Hill, 2002.
Ferrell, BR, kunye noCoyle, N; Incwadi ye-Nursing Palliative, i-Oxford University Press, ngo-2006.