Isiqhelo Esiqhelekileyo Kwabaninzi Ngokugula-Ukuphelisa Ukugula
Ukutyunjwa ngumqondiso oqhelekileyo kwizigulana kufuphi nomphefumlo wobomi. Ukugqithiswa kunokuba nomthelela omkhulu kumgangatho wobomi ukwenzela ukuba ukukhusela nokunyanga kubalulekile.
Ukuthintela ukuqothulwa
Kukulungele ukukhusela ukudliwa xa kunokwenzeka. Ukunyamekela ngokunyamekela kunye nabaqeqeshi be-hospice baqeqeshwe ukubuza malunga nokuhamba kwesibindi rhoqo kwaye kubalulekile, ukunyaniseka ngeempendulo zakho.
Ukuthintelwa kokuqhawulwa kuya kuxhomekeka kumngcipheko wokuba unqunywe. Ngokomzekelo, isigulane esinesifo somhlaza wesisu, isifo sikashukela kwaye sithatha imithi yeentlungu zesifo se-opioid sisengozini enkulu yokuqhaqha. Kungenxa yokuba izicathulo zesisu zinganyanzelisa okanye ziphazamise isilonda, isifo sikashukela sonakalisa iimbilini zentliziyo kwaye zinciphisa umthambo wamathumbu emathunjini (ukunyakaza) kunye ne-opioids iqhubela phambili ukukhupha umlenze kunye nokwandisa i- tone sphincter ithoni . Ukukhusela kwesi sigulane kuya kuba nobudlova kunokuba isigulane esinalo kuphela, sitsho, ingqondo.
Ukuthintela kugxininise ukutya okufanelekileyo kwendalo, ukutya okufanelekileyo kunye nomsebenzi (ukukhuthelela kubangela izibilini).
Izifo, Ukutya okufanelekileyo kunye nokuViliswa kweziThuthi
Ezi zinto zihlala zilukhuni izinto zokunyusa umntu ogule ukufa, kodwa kwanokunyuka okuncinci kokungena kwamanzi kungenceda. Ukwandiswa kokutya kokutya kunokubangela ukhathazeka ngakumbi kwaye akufuneki ukuba unyanzeliswe, kodwa ngokukhawuleza ukukhuthaza ukutya okuncinci rhoqo kunokunceda.
Ukwandiswa komsebenzi, nangona kuluhlobo lweendlela zokunyakaza ezenziwa ngumncedisi wezempilo okanye uphando lomzimba, lunokusebenza kakuhle.
I-Stool softeners ingasetyenziselwa ukugcina izithambile zilula, zenze kube lula ukudlula. I-Stool softeners, ezifana ne-senna, ibaluleke kakhulu kwizigulane kwipilisi ye-opioid.
UkuPhatha ukuBamba
Xa ukukhusela akwanele kwaye isigulane siyagqitywa, kubalulekile ukuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza. I-Laxatives isetyenziselwa ukuphatha ukumbombozwa kwaye ihlelwa ngamanyathelo abo.
Laxatives ezininzi. Izixube ezininzi zibonelela emathunjini ukwandisa inani lemigodi, ivuselela amathambo ukuba ahambe. I-fiber dietary ngumzekelo we-bulk bulk. Izilwanyana ezinobunzima zingenakuba yimpendulo kwizigulane ezininzi zokunyamekela kunye nezigulane zezibhedlele ngenxa yokuba zifuna ukungena kwamanzi amaninzi. Ukuba isigulane asikwazi ukugcina i-absorption eyaneleyo yamanzi, i-laxative eninzi ingabangela ukungazinzi ngakumbi kwaye iqhubeke ingxaki. I-laxatives ezininzi zingabangela i-gas kunye nokuqhaqha.
Laxatives eziLubricant. I-laxatives ene-lubricant iyancancisa isitini kwaye igcobe ubuso bendawo, okwenza kube lula ukuyidlula. I-oyile yamaminerari iyona hlobo eqhelekileyo yamathambo aqhotyoshelweyo. I-oyile yomnquba ayilunyanzelwanga kwizigulane ezisengozini yokufuna , okanye abo bathatha i-docusate (Colace).
Laxatives eziPhezulu. Ezi ziqhekeza, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-stool softeners, zinciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwamanzi, ngaloo ndlela zandisa ukunyuselwa kwamanzi kunye namafutha kwisitulo esomileyo. I-Docusate, i-senna, neoli ye-castor yimizekelo.
I-Osmotic Laxatives. I-laxatives ye-Osmotic i-sugar suars ayinakugonywa ngumzimba kwaye ibe nefuthe le-osmotic emathunjini.
I-latulose kunye ne-sorbitol zihlobo ze-osmotic laxatives kwaye zisoloko zisebenza kakuhle. Iphunga elimnandi lala mayeza liyiphumelelo yezigulane ezininzi kwaye zinokubangela ukucima kunye negesi. Zingaxubusha zombini kunye nejusi, itiye, amanzi, okanye enye i-liquid ukuze unciphise ubumnandi.
I-Glycerin suppositories yenye imifanekiso ye-osmotic laxatives. I-Glycerin suppositories ayinakusebenza njengenye indlela kwigulana eligulayo okanye isiguli esasigula.
I-Saline Laxatives: Ubisi lwe-magnesia mhlawumbi luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwolu hlobo lwe-laxative. I-saline laxatives ikwandisa isisu, i-pancreatic, kunye namancinci amathumbu emathumbu kunye nesisu somzimba.
La mayeza angabangela ukugqithisa kakhulu kwaye aqhele ukusetyenziswa kwaye uyasetyenziswa njengesigqibo sokugqibela kwizigulane ezigulayo.
Iimpahla ze-Suppositories kunye ne-Enemas: Ezinye i-laxatives zifumaneka kwifom ye-suppository, ithetha ukuba ifakwe ngqo kwi-rectum. Nangona isicatshulwa sokusebenzisa imithi yamacangca ingasayi kuba nezigulane kwizigulane kunye nabanonophelo abanokuthi bangenele ukuba bafake, i-suppositories idla ngokukhawuleza kwaye isebenzayo. I-Bisacodyl (i-Dulcolax) iyisilwanyana esishukumisayo esisebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwi-colon ukuze iqhube i-peristalsis. Kungenxa yokuba kuyishukumisayo, ukuchithwa ngumphumo wecala oqhelekileyo. I-Dulcolax ayisoloko ikhuthazwa izigulane zomhlaza kunye nezigulane ezinezifo zesibindi ngenxa yokuba kuyimfuneko yokuba i- metabolized, okanye iphulwe, kwisibindi.
I-Enemas ifanele isetyenziswe ngokungapheliyo kwaye njengesigqibo sokugqibela kwizigulane eziqine kakhulu. I-Saline enemas (iFleet Enema) ikhulule isitofu kwaye ivuselele intshukumo yokuhamba . Ukuba zisetyenziswe rhoqo, zingabangela ukungalingani kweempawu ezifana ne-hypocalcemia (ukwehla kwamanqanaba e-calcium yegazi) kunye ne-hyperphosphatemia (ukwanda kwezinga le-phosphate level).
Ukugcinwa kwe-oil enemas kunokuba luncedo kwizigulane ezichaphazelekileyo, oku kuthetha ukuba isitopu sikhulu kwaye sinzima kangangokuthi kuphazamisa ikholoni. Ukuba isigulane sinakho ukugcina i-enema ye-osiyo ngobusuku obubodwa, oko kunokuzama ukuhlolwa phambi kokuba umongikazi angazichaphazeli. Umzekelo we-enema yokugcina ioli i-enema yobisi-ne-molasses.
Ukungenzi-nto: Ukuba isigulane sichaphazelekile kwaye sineziqhwala, i-suppositories, kunye ne-enemas ayisebenzi okanye ayinyanzelwanga, umongikazi angadinga ukubachaphazela. Le yinkqubo engaxakekiyo apho umongikazi kufuneka afake umunwe wakhe kwi-rectum ukuze akhuphe kwaye asuse isitoreji. Unokwenza udibanise ude ufunde malunga nenkqubo yakhe. Qinisekisa ukuba ukungabikho komsebenzi kuyenziwa kuphela xa kuyimfuneko kliniki. Ngenxa yokuba ayinakonwaba kwaye inokuba bubuhlungu kakhulu, izigulane kufuneka zenziwe ngaphambili nge- opioid analgesic kwaye mhlawumbi i-anxiolytic, njenge-lorazepam.
Ukutyunjwa kuyimpawu ebandezelayo echaphazela ngokuphawulekayo umgangatho wobomi. Kubalulekile ukugcina umboneleli wakho wezempilo unolwazi malunga nokunyakaza kwakho kwesigulane okanye isigulane sakho kwaye ubalumkise kunoma yikuphi utshintsho kwiipatheni zokuhamba.
Imithombo:
> IBleer S, uBrunton S, uCarmichael B, Okhulile K, uRasch R, uSteele J. Ukulawulwa kwesigxina esingapheliyo: Iingcebiso ezivela kwiplanethi yokuvumelana. J Fam Pract. 2005 Aug; 54 (8): 691-8.
> Ferrell, > BR >, kunye noCoyle, N; Incwadi ye-Nursing Palliative, i-Oxford University Press, ngo-2006.