Oko kufuneka ukwazi malunga nale nyeza yokuphucula intlungu
Kuwo onke amayeza asetyenziswa ukunyanga iintlungu, i-morphine sulfate mhlawumbi iqondwa kakubi kakhulu kwaye iyayesaba kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukunyamekela izigulane kunye nokunyamekela ukunyanga izigulana ezikufutshane nokuphela kobomi babo, eli nqaku lihlola indlela kunye nokuba kutheni ukusebenzisa i-morphine yamanzi kwiimeko zokugqibela, kunye ne-morphine kwezinye iifom kunye nemiphumo emihle izidakamizwa.
Ukusetyenziswa
Kwiinkqubo zokunyamekela kunye nokufakela izibhedlele, i-morphine idlalwa ngokuba yi-"standard standard" yamachiza eentlungu ngenxa yokuba ngokuqhelekileyo iphatha intlungu ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ixhomekeke kakuhle kwizigulane. Ngaphezu koko, i-morphine idla ngokukhawuleza kwaye inokufumaneka kwiindawo ezininzi. Ukongeza, i-morphine iphinda iphumelele ekuphatheni i- dyspnea , okanye ukuphefumula okufutshane, apho ezinye izigulane zinokuziva ngenxa yokugula / isifo.
Imiphumela
Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, i-morphine idla ngokunyamezela zizigulane, kodwa iziyobisi zingabangela ezinye iingxaki, kunye neziphumo ezinobungozi . Ezinye iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo ezibangelwa yi-morphine ziquka:
- Ukutyunjwa
- Uhudo
- Utywala
- Ukulala
- Uvakalelwa entloko
- U pset esiswini
- Ukuvutha
Ngenxa yeziphumo ezinobungozi be-morphine, kufuneka uxelele umboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nayiphi na okanye zonke ezi mpawu ukuba umthandi wakho ufumana le nkunkuma ukuze unciphise intlungu yakhe.
Ezinye zeempembelelo ze-morphine zinganciphisa ezinye iindlela zonyango, ezifana nokusebenzisa isicatshulwa sokusasazela isicupisi sokuncwina kunye nokuhlanza, okanye isilathisi se-stol for the constipation.
Zonke iziphumo ezibi kakhulu zokusetyenziswa kwe-morphine kufuneka zixelelwe ugqirha ngokukhawuleza, njenge:
- Ukuphefumula okufutshane, okungafihli okanye okungaqhelekanga
- Ubomvu okanye umbala obomvu kwesikhumba
- Ukukhawuleza okanye ukuthoba intliziyo
- Ukuxhamla
- I-hallucinations (ukubona izinto okanye ilizwi lokuva elingekho)
- Umbono ongezantsi
- Ukutyhafa
- Iimbuzi
- Rash
- Ukutshiza
- Ukuqina emqaleni
- Unzima ukugwinya
- Ukuvuvuka kweengalo, izandla, iinyawo, amaqaqa, okanye imilenze ephantsi
Lawulo
I-Morphine ivela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ifom ye-liquide okanye ithebhulethi, eyenza isilwanyana esixhomekeke kubuhlungu kwiimeko ezininzi zokugqibela. Iifom ze-morphine zingaquka:
I-Oral Morphine Solutions
Isisombululo se-Oral (liquid) se-morphine sisoloko sisetyenziselwa ukunyamekela nokunyamekela izilwanyana ngenxa yokuba kulula ukulawula. I-Morphine iyakwazi ukugxininiswa ukwenzela ukulawula amanyathelo amakhulu eziyobisi usebenzisa iincinci zamanzi. Ukongezelela, ezinye izigulane ezingakwazi ukugwinya iipilisi ngenxa yokugula okanye ukunciphisa izinga lokuqonda , okanye ngenxa yemiphumo engafanelekiyo ye-morphine, ngokuqhelekileyo kunokunyamezela inani elincinci lento efunekayo ekunciphiseni iintlungu zabo kunye / okanye benze bazive bekhululekile.
Isisombululo somlomo / se-morphine esilawulayo sisebenza ngokukhawuleza - ngokuqhelekileyo kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-15-kwaye ihlala malunga neeyure ezingama-4, nangona ezinye izigulane zifumana zifuna i-morphine rhoqo.
I-Morphine iyakuthandeka, inobonakala kakhulu kwifom ye-liquid kunye neepilisi. Ngenxa yokuba i-liquid concentrated is usually given in small amounts, it is not recommended to mix the morphine nezinye iziselo. Uninzi lwezigulane zivame ukunyamezela ukuthatha imithi yedwa okanye "ukuyixosha" ngesiselo esinokuyiphuza.
Isisombululo somlomo se-morphine kufuneka sinikezwe kuphela nge-spoon ye-dosing okanye i-dropper eyenziwa yi-pharmacy. Ngenxa yokuba ixhomekeke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukufumana idosa ngokuchanekileyo ngokunokwenzeka. Ukuba awuqinisekanga malunga ne-dosing efanelekileyo, cela umongikazi okanye umboneleli wezempilo ukuba abonise wena.
Ndithwala "ibhotile yeesampuli" ye-morphine kunye nam xa ndivelela izigulane zam. Nangona ibhotile ingenayo isilwanyana sangempela, le bhotile ibonisa ukuba ndibonise indlela yokusebenzisa i dropper ukudala idilesi echanekileyo.
Ithebhulethi okanye iCapsule Morphine
Iipilisi ze-Morphine ziza kufomelwa ngokukhawuleza nakwandisiweyo. Iipilisi ezikhutshwa ngokukhawuleza zisebenza ngokufanayo kwisisombululo somlomo / se-morphine se-liquids ngoxa zisebenza ngokukhawuleza kodwa ziphela malunga neeyure ezine. Iipilisi ezikhutshwa ngokukhawuleza ziyakucityaniswa kwaye zixutywe ne-appleauce okanye ipudding kwizigulane ezinzima ukugwinya iipilisi okanye zichithwe kwaye zilawulwe nge- tube yogas (NG) .
Iipilisi ezongezelelweyo-i-ER okanye i-XR) zingathathwa iiyure ezili-12, okanye enye kanye ngosuku. I-morphine ekhululwayo isetyenziselwa kuphela kwizigulane ezinokuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo ukuya kwintlungu enzima. Umele uhlolisise umniki-nkonzo wakho wezempilo okanye u-pharmist ngaphambi kokuchoboza i-ER okanye uvula i-capsule ye-ER. Ngaphandle koko, unako ukulawula umthamo ophezulu kakhulu.
Ezinye iindlela zokuThumela
Ukongeza kwiifom ezityilisiweyo okanye eziqinileyo, i-morphine inokuhanjiswa njenge-injection kwi-muscle, njenge-infusion intravenously (IV) okanye ngaphantsi (kwiimpawu ezinamafutha phantsi kwesikhumba). Nangona ezi ndlela zokuhanjiswa ngokuqhelekileyo azikhethwanga kuqala kwiinkqubo zokunyamekela okanye ukunyamekela ngokubhekiselele kwiifom ezichazwe ngasentla, i-morphine elawulwa ngale ndlela iyakwazi ukubonisa ukuba isebenza kakuhle, ingenabuhlungu kwaye ibe nomngcipheko omncinci.
I-Morphine nayo inokuhanjiswa njenge-suppository (efakwe kwi-rectum) kwizigulana ezifuna umthamo osebenza ixesha elide kodwa ezingenako ukugwinya i-morphine kwifom ye-liquid okanye ithebhulethi. Ukuba le yindlela yokuhambisa umboneleli wakho wezempilo uyacebisa, ngoko ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi kufuneka abonise indlela yokunikela ngayo.
Ekugqibeleni, ukuba unenkxalabo yokusebenzisa i-morphine ngentlungu okanye ukuphefumula (dyspnea), kufuneka uxoxe nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Unokukunceda ufumene isisombululo esifanelekileyo kuwe nomthandayo.
> Imithombo:
> Kinzbrunner, BM; Weinreb, NJ; Iipolisi, i-JS 20 Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo: Ukuphela koKhathalelo loBomi, uMqulu we- McGraw-Hill, 2002.
> Ferrell, BR kunye noCoyle, N. Iincwadi zeNcwadi zoLondolozo lwePalliative , i-Oxford University Press, ngo-2006.