Iminikelo inqatshelwe ininzi, kodwa kungekhona yonke, iindidi zentsholongwane
Ngokutsho kwe-American Red Cross, umntu wase-US ufuna ukunyuswa kwegazi rhoqo imizuzwana emibini, ukuguqulela kwiiyunithi ezingama-36,000 zegazi ngosuku. Ngalo mfuneko, nabani na ozimisele ukunika igazi kufuneka. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu abakwaziyo ngenxa yemeko yezempilo esele ikhona.
Esinye salezi zi- hepatitis . Kodwa, musa ukuphosakela. Nangona abantu bangakuxelela ntoni, oku akubandakanyi zonke iintlobo ze-hepatitis.
Iintlobo ze-Hepatitis
Ngencazelo, i-hepatitis nje ukuvuvuka kwesibindi. Ngelixa siqhele ukudibanisa ne-virus echaphazelekayo, inokubangelwa zizidumbu, usulelo lwebhaktheriya, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala, isifo sokuzimela, kunye nesifo esingasinxilongo sesibindi .
Nangona kunjalo, izizathu eziqhelekileyo zezifo zesifo se-hepatitis ziyi-viral, yintloko phakathi kwezi:
- I-Hepatitis A , echaphazela abantu abayizigidi ezili-114 e-US
- I-Hepatitis B , echaphazela izigidi ezingama-343 zaseMerika
- I-Hepatitis C , elandisa malunga ne-142 yezigidi ze-US
Ngenxa yentsholongwane nganye isatshatyalaliswa, abantu abaneentlobo ezithile ze-virus ye-viral hepatitis banganikela ngegazi ngelixa abanye abakwazi.
I-Hepatitis A
I-Hepatitis A isasazeka ngokutya kunye namanzi angcolileyo. Ukuba unentsholongwane ye-hepatitis A, uya kuba nezibonakaliso zesifo (kubandakanywa i- jaundice , ukukhathala, kunye nesisulu). Xa sele ifunyenwe, intsholongwane iya kususwa ngokupheleleyo kwigazi lakho kunye nezikhuselo ezikhuselekileyo ziya kuhlala zikhusele ukusuleleka kosulelo.
Ukuba uke wafumana i-hepatitis A, akukho nto ekunqanda ukunikela ngegazi. Ukuba, nangona kunjalo, unemiqondiso ye-hepatitis , nayiphi na isizathu, awuyi kuvunyelwa ukuba unikezele kude ufumane kwakhona.
I-Hepatitis B neC
Ngokungafani ne-hepatitis A, i-hepatitis B ne-C ziintsholongwane ezithwala igazi eziphathekayo.
I-Hepatitis B isasazeka ngokubambisana ngesondo , isalathisi ekwabelwana ngayo kunye nomama kumntwana (MTC) ngexesha lokukhulelwa. I-Hepatitis C ihanjiswa ngokusasaza ngezilingo ezabelwana kunye ne-MTC.
Ukuba uke waba ne-hepatitis B okanye i-C okanye uvavanyo oluchanekileyo kuwo, awuyi kuvunyelwa ukuba unikele ngegazi kungakhathaliseki ukuba unayo impawu zesifo okanye cha.
Ezinye izithintelo
Ngenxa yokuba i-hepatitis yentsholongwane isasazwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, izikhululo zezempilo ziye zabeka ezi zithintelo ezilandelayo kubantu abanokuthi bavelele kwi-HIV:
- Ukuba uhlala nomntu okanye ulale ngesondo nomntu onesifo sesifo sofuba, kufuneka ulinde iinyanga ezili-12 emva kokuqhagamshelana kokugqibela ngaphambi kokuba unganikele.
- Ukuba uvalelwe kwisibonelelo (ukuvalelwa kwabantwana, intolongo, okanye entolongweni) ngaphezu kweeyure ezingama-72, kufuneka ubeke iinyanga ezili-12 ukususela ngomhla wokugcinwa kokugqibela.
- Umele ulinde iinyanga ezili-12 emva kokuba ufumane igazi (ngaphandle kokuba ligazi lakho) okanye utyhileke kwinqununu engavunyelwanga (njengokuba kusetyenziswe inaliti ekwabelwanayo okanye ukulimala kwengozi ye-needlestick).
Nangona kunjalo, ngokwezikhokelo zangoku, unako ukunikela ngegazi ukuba unayo i-hepatitis engeyiyo yintsholongwane evela kwimeko enobungozi, ukusabela kweziyobisi, okanye ukusetyenziswa kotywala kungekudala kungekho zibonakaliso ze-hepatitis ngexesha lomnikelo.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Red Cross. "Ukunikezela ngeGazi: Iimpawu zokufaneleka." EWashington, DC
> Umbutho WezeMpilo Wehlabathi. "Yintoni iHepatitis?" Geneva, eSwitzerland; Julayi 2016.