Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
I-sternocleidomastoid ngumsizi onentsimbi ebaluleke kakhulu edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugubungeni intloko nokujika entanyeni, kunye nezinye izinto. Esi sihlunu ngokuqhelekileyo kulula ukubona. Ebonakalayo, ibonakala njengomfanekiso wesigxina, onjenge-strap-like-strap-like-shaped-shaped in the ends and runs from the ear of the ear to the collarbone kunye nesifuba.
Ngokukhawuleza, i-sternocleidomastiod muscle idlalwa ngokuba yi-SCM muscle, okanye i-SCM kuphela.
I-SCM yenza inxalenye yeqela lezihlunu ezibizwa ngokuba yi-anteriolateral neck flexors. (Ezinye izihlunu kwiqela le-anteriolateral neck neck flexor ziyi-scalenes, ezitholakala ngokujulile entanyeni ngaphezu kwe-SCM.) Njengezihlunu ze-synergist ukuya kwi-SCM, i-scalenes inceda ukutshintsha nokuguqula intloko nentamo.
Umvelaphi kunye nokufakwa
Amanqaku okunamathiselwe kwi-SCM muscle, (eyaziwa ngokuba yimvelaphi kunye nokufakelwa) ayilula ukulandela, ngokungafaniyo, ngokomzekelo, abo be-latissimus dorsi muscle. (I- latissimus dorsi , eyaziwayo njengeengqungquthela ezimfutshane, i-muscle enkulu emfutshane ehlangene nezakhiwo ezininzi ezikulo trunk kunye nengalo.) Ngokwahlukileyo, kwi-lats, i-SCM idibana kuphela namathambo, kunye neyonke amathambo amane nje, apho.
Omnye umncinci omncinci ukuya kulula kwe-SCM yokufakela umzekelo kukuba isisu se-muscle siqala ukusondela kwi-collarbone kunye nesifuba, sinama-2 "iintloko," kwaye ngaloo ndlela unamaqondo angama-2 kwimvelaphi endaweni eqhelekileyo ukuba imisipha emininzi .
Ngoko uvela phi, impela, isisundu seSMM sivela phi? Omnye "intloko" ye-SCM ifaka phambili (oko kukuthi, indawo yangaphambili) yomntu. (I-manubrium iyona candelo eliphambili lesibetho.) Enye intloko ifakela kwinxalenye ephezulu (ebizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho ophezulu) we- collarbone , kufuphi nomda womzimba.
Ngaphaya koko, i-SCM ifaka kwinkqubo ye-mastoid, okuyiyona nto ibonakalisa ithambo ephuma kwithambo lexeshana. Njengoko igama libonisa, ithambo lexeshana liyingxenye yecayi (enye kwicala ngalinye) eyenza itempileni. Inkqubo ye-mastoid ifumaneka phantsi kwethambo lexeshana, emva kwendlebe yakho. Unokwenene ufumanisa inkqubo ye-mastoid ngokuthinta loo ndawo emva kwendlebe yakho. Emva koko, ukuba uhamba iminwe yakho ngaphantsi ungase ukwazi ukuziva izicubu ezithambileyo eziyimisipha ye-SCM. Ezinye iifom ze-SCM zifake kwakhona phantsi kwethambo le-occipital, elisekho eduze kwenkqubo ye-mastoid, kude neendlebe.
Into eyenziwa ngu-Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
Ngokwengxenye, ukunyakaza kwentamo eveliswa yi-sterocleiomastoid kuyahluka ngoxhomekeke ekubeni enye okanye zombini iisifuba ze-SCM ziyasebenza.
Xa iivumelwano zesikhokelo esisodwa se-SCM, iguqula intloko yakho kwicala elifanayo (elibizwa ngokuba yicala eliphambili) apho i-muscle ikhona khona. Ngokomzekelo, i-SCM ngakwesokudla kwentamo yakho ibeka intloko yakho ngakwesokudla sakho.
I-SCM iphinda iphendukele (ijikeleze) intloko yakho kwicala eliphambene (elibizwa ngokuba lucala). Umzekelo, xa ujikeleza okanye ujika intloko yakho ngakwesokudla, i-SCM yakho yekhohlo iyakwenza isivumelwano.
Kule meko, i-SCM iphinda iphendukele ubuso phezulu phezulu (ebizwa ngokuba yongezwa intamo).
Xa iivumelwano zomzimba ze-SCM (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-contractor bilateral contraction); Isibambiso sokuqala se- intervertebral sisona sigxina esiphezulu somgudu; yindawo apho intloko yakho ihleli entanyeni yakho. Olu ntshukumo lwenyulo luzisa intloko emva.
Kodwa ukusikwa kweentlobo zombini ze-SCM kubuye kuguqule intamo yakho, ebeka isifo sakho phantsi kweso lesifuba sakho. Kwaye i-SCM yezicathulo zokusikwa kwemisipha ikhupha i-chin-phambili ngokukhawuleza njengoko ugcina intloko yakho, oko kukuthi.
Xa zombini isivumelwano semisipha ye-SCM esisodwa, sinceda inkqubo yokuphefumla, nayo. Ngentamo yakho egcinwe ngokusisigxina, ukubethelwa kwamanye amazwe emisipha ye-SCM kubangela ukuphakanyiswa kwe-manubrium kunye neziphelo zee-collarbones ezikufuphi kwinqanaba lomzimba.
I-SCM idlala indima kwi-torticollis, imeko apho ikhanda liqhubeka lijika kwelinye icala. Nge-torticollis, kunye nokuhamba phambili kwintloko, i-SCM inokuthi ibe yindawo efutshane.
I-SCM njenge-Anatomical Landmark
Umzimba we-SCM unomdla kumatomists kuba indawo ekhethekileyo ehlala entanyeni yenza ukuba lube ngundoqo ekuqondeni ukuma kwemisipha yomlomo wesibeleko. I-SCM idibanally iyahlula intamo yesangqa ibe yindawo yangaphambili (yangaphambili) kunye neyasemva (emva) ngasentshonalanga, okwenza umlomo wesibeleko ufunde lula.
Okokuqala, kukho inxantathu yangaphakathi. Inxalenye yangaphambili, okanye ebusweni ejongene ne-SCM ithathwa njengomda wecala (ecaleni) umda wexantathu wangaphakathi entanyeni. Unxantathu ongezantsi unqamle phezulu ngasemva komhlathi, ngasezantsi ngethambo le-sternum (isifuba sesifuba) kunye nendawo engcamango, okanye umgca wobukhulu, ohlukanisa umzimba kumacandelo anesinceleni nangakwesokudla. Inxantathu yangaphakathi iqukethe ezinye iinqununu ezininzi, ngokunjalo.
Ingxenyana yangaphambili yecathathu yangemva (yangasemva) iphelelwe ngumda we-SCM. Ngaphezulu, unxantathu ophezulu ophezulu unendawo okanye indawo apho i-SCM kunye nemisipha ye- trapezius idibene khona phantsi kwe-occipital (i-back back skull). Umgca wexantathu ongasemva uyingxenye yesithathu yamathambo akho.
Imithombo:
I-Kapandji, IA, "I-Physiology yeZihlanganisi". Uhlobo lwesihlanu. Churchill Livingstone. INguqulelo yesiNgesi 1987. eNew York.
UKendall, uFlorence Peterson, uMcCreary, u-Elizabeth Kendall, kunye neMpahla, uPatricia Geise. Uvavanyo lweMiscle kunye neSebenzi ngeXesha kunye neNhlungu. Yesithathu. Baltimore, Maryland: Williams & Wilkins, ngo-1983
UMorell, uKeith, uL., uDalley, uArthur, F. I-Anatomy ye-Clinically Oriented. I-5 Edition. 2006 uLippincott, Williams noWilkins.