Kutheni Isiqhamo Singaba Ngumqondiso Obalulekileyo Wentliziyo Engaphumeleliyo
Uninzi lwabantu ludibanisa ukukhwehlela ngengxaki yomphunga okanye yomoya, kungekhona ngentliziyo. Kodwa, akuqhelekanga kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo ukuba bafumane ukukhwehlela okukhulu. Enyanisweni, ukukhwehlela kungabonakalisa uphawu lokuba unyango lwentliziyo aluyanele-okanye nokuba unyango lunokubangela iingxaki.
Ukumelwa yintliziyo
Nangona ivakala ukuba iyonke kwaye inhlekelele-njengokwehluleka kwamandla- "ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo" akuthethi ukuba intliziyo iphela nje, yinto yokubanjwa kwenhliziyo .
Kunoko, ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo kuthetha ukuba ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo kuye kwaphazamiseka kangangokuba intliziyo ayisoloko ikwazi ukugcina zonke iimfuno zomzimba.
Ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo kunokubangelwa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifo zentliziyo, kuquka ne- coronary artery disease (CAD) , uxinzelelo lwengqondo , i- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy , i- diastolic ukungasebenzi , kunye nesifo senhliziyo, phakathi kwamanye amaninzi. Abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi ngamnye ngonyaka baphedlele esibhedlele.
Abantu abanokuphelelwa yintliziyo bangabuthathaka, ukukhathala, ukunyamezela, ukunyamezela, ukunyamezela, ukuvuthwa, ukuphefumula, ukulala okanye ukulala (uphawu olubizwa ngokuba yi- orthopnea ), i-edema (ukuvuvukala) emaqabeni, ngamanye amaxesha.
Enye ingxaki eqhelekileyo kunye nokungaphumeleli kwintliziyo kukuba, ngenxa yekhono lokuphefumula kwentliziyo, ukubuyela kwegazi entliziyweni kwimiphunga kuhlengahlengisa, kuvelisa ukudibanisa kwempompo. Yingakho abantu abanesifo senhliziyo badla ngokuthi " banesifo senhliziyo ."
Ngokudibanisa i-pulmonary, i-fluid (kunye negazi elincinci) lingangena kwi- alveoli (i-air bags) yemiphunga. Le miphunga yamanzi yamapayipi yinto ebangela ukuba i-dyspnea iqhutywe ngabantu abanesifo senhliziyo. Ngenxa yokuba ukukhwehlela yindlela yomzimba yokucima iindinyana zomoya kunye neziqhumane, kuyacaca ukuba ukukhwehlela kungaphinda kubangele ukudibanisa kwepommonary.
Ukhuhlane lweCardiac
Ukuqhawula okubangelwa ukuhluleka kwentliziyo kunokuthatha iindidi ezininzi. Ukukhwehlela okumanzi okuvelisa i- sputum e- frothy enokuthi iguqulwe i-pink kunye negazi iqhelekile ngokusweleka kwentliziyo. Ukuphefumula okunzima kunye nokuphefumula komsebenzi kunokuhamba kunye nezipho zokukhwehlela, kunye nesandi esibuhlungu esifubeni okanye nokuba nomsindo ozwakalayo kwimiphunga.
Izimpawu zokukhwehlela ezimangalisayo ezifana nale nto zivame ukuba ngumqondiso wokuba ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo kuye kwanda kakhulu, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ukukhwehlela okunjalo kuvame ukuhamba kunye nokuphazamiseka okuqhelekileyo kweempawu zokuhluleka kwentliziyo.
Ezi zimpawu ziyakuthi zibandakanye i- dyspnea , i- orthopnea , i-edema, kunye ne- paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (ukuvuswa ukusuka ebuthongweni phakathi kobusuku, ukugubha, nokukhwehlela). Abantu abanalo hlobo olubi kakhulu lokukhwehlela komzimba ngokuqhelekileyo bayagula ngokwaneleyo ukuba bafune uncedo lwezokwelapha ngaphandle kokunyuka okukhulu.
Ukukhwehlela kwentliziyo kunokuthatha ifom ephantsi kakhulu. Abanye abantu abaneentliziyo ezingaphumeleli baya kuhlakulela ukukhwehlela okukrakrayo, okungapheliyo, okungapheliyo, okungavelisa inani elincinci elimhlophe okanye elibomvu. Abanye abanobuhlobo obunzima kakhulu bokukhwehlela komzimba bangabhala phantsi ngenxa yeso sizathu esithile kwaye bangakwazi ukufumana uncedo lwezonyango.
Ukuba belibazise ukubona ugqirha, nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zentliziyo yokuhluleka ziba zibi kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba zide.
Ngoko ke, nabani na oxelelwe ukuba banentliziyo yokuhluleka akufanele bawunqabe ukuqala kokukhwehlela, nokuba ngaba bayicinga ukuba bumnandi.
Ukhuhlane olunxulumene neMithi
Okumangalisa kukuba, ukukhwehlela kuyimpembelelo echaphazelekayo yeklasi yamayeza adla ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukwenzela ukuhluleka kwentliziyo: i- angiotensin-ukuguqula i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors . I-ACE inhibitors inceda ekwenzeni ukuhluleka kwentliziyo ngenxa yokuba iyancipha imirhoxo, yenza kube lula entliziyweni ukupompa igazi.
Nangona kunjalo, ezi ziyobisi zivelisa ukukhwehlela malunga neepesenti ezine zabantu abazithathayo. Ingqungquthela ehambelana ne-ACE inhibitors yinto yokukhukhuma, eyomileyo yokukhwehlela engakhange ivelise i-sputum.
Nangona kukho iingxelo ezibonisa ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezingezange-steroidal (i-NSAID) zingaphucula umkhuhlane obangelwa yi-ACE inhibitors, kwininzi yabantu abanalo le ngxaki, isilwanyana kufuneka siyeke. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-ACE inhibitor ingatshintshwa kwi- block receptor blocker (ARB) , enezinto ezintle ezifanayo ezifana ne-ACE inhibitor, kodwa ibangela ukukhwehlela rhoqo.
ILizwi
Ukukhwehlela kwentliziyo kubonisa ukuba ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo kuyanda. Kwiimeko ezininzi, le mpawu-kunye nokwehluleka kwentliziyo-kuya kuphendula ukulungiswa kwindlela yokukhubazeka kwentliziyo . Ngenxa yesi sizathu, abantu abanesifo senhliziyo akufanele bawunaki ukuqala kokukhwehlela.
> Imithombo:
> Intsapho Yokwehluleka Kwentliziyo yaseMelika, uLindenfeld J, uAlbert NM, et al. I-HFSA 2010 Inkcazo epheleleyo yeNtliziyo yokuSebenza. Idilesi ye-J ihluleka ngo-2010; 16: e1.
> McMurray JJ, uAdamopoulos S, Anker SD, et al. Izikhokelo ze-ESC zeNgcaciso kunye nokuPhathwa koPhulo lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo noNyango oluPhezulu ka-2012: IQela leMisebenzi yokuHlola kunye nokuPhathwa kweNyathelo eliPhezulu leNyango eliPhezulu neNyango eliPhezulu le-2012 le-European Society of Cardiology. Uphuhliswe ngokubambisana noMbutho weNtliziyo ongaphumeleli (HFA) we-ESC. I-Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 1787.
> Yancy CW, Jessup M, et al. I-ACCF / AHA Isikhokelo soLawulo lweNtliziyo yokusilela: Ingxelo ye-American College of Cardiology Foundation / i-American Heart Association Task Force kwi-Practice Guidelines. Uhambo luka-2013; 128: e240.