Inkcazo: I-Microsporidiosis isifo esibangelwa yiintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zefungum unicellular, microsporidia . Esi sifo, esinokuchaphazela umzila wesisu kunye nezinye iindawo zomzimba, zihlala zibonakala kubantu abanesistim sokuzivikela kakhulu, njengalezo ezine- HIV . Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukusuleleka kwenzeka xa i- CD4 count yomntu yehla ngaphantsi kweeseli ezili-100 / mL.
Ngelixa i-microsporidiosis ihlala idibaniswa kunye neentlobo zempawu zesisu, kuquka ukurhoxiswa kakhulu kunye nokutshabalalisa , iintlobo ezithile ze-microsporidia ziyakuchukumisa iinjongo, imiphunga, isono, amehlo kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous central, ngokunjalo.
Ekuqaleni becinga ukuba i-protozoan pathogen, uphando lwezofuzo kamva lwaqinisekisa i-microsporidia ukuba ilungu lombuso wefungi. Kukho iintlobo ze-14 ze-microsporidia ezaziwa ukuba zichaphazele abantu.
Iimali eziPhezulu
Ubu bungqina obukhoyo bubonakala bubonisa ukuba ukusabalalisa kwe-microsporidiosis phakathi kwama-America anetyholongwane ka-HIV aphantsi, malunga nama-1.6%. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iingcaphephe zibonise ukuba ukuxhaphaka kwentsholongwane ye-microsporidial kulabo bantu abasemagqabini anesifo esingagqirha okanye amaninzi aphezulu, ngaphezulu kwe-39%.
Iimodeli zoTshintshelo
Ukudluliselwa kwe-microsporidia akukacaci ngokucacileyo, nangona uphando lubonakala lubonisa ukuba i-spores fungal inokungenwa, ifakwe okanye ifakwe kwimizimba ekhuselekileyo ye-mucosal (njengeliso).
Ngethuba lokusuleleka, i-spores yanda ngaphakathi kwe-cytoplasm (okt, i-internal fluid) yamaseli anentsholongwane, kunye nezinye iintlobo-ezifana ne- Encephalitozooan intestinalis echaphazela ukukhulelwa kwesifo esinzima, kanti ezinye-ezinjenge- Encephalitozoon cuniculi- ezichaphazela iinjongo kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous central.
Iimpawu zeMicrosporidiosis
Ngelixa abantu abanezixhobo ezikhuselekileyo zifumaneka ukuba bane-microsporidiosis, ngokubanzi, isifo sibonakala kulabo abane- AIDS .
Xa kuphazamiseka kwimizila yesisu, isifo sohudo kunye nokubhubha okuqhelekileyo kudlalwa ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ekungabikho komkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala okanye umkhuhlane ophezulu. Ngezinye iinkcukacha, iimpawu azibonakali nakwi-cystoisosporiasis kunye ne- cryptosporidiosis .
Iimpawu zingaba kude (kuxhomekeke kwiziphi iintlobo ze-microsporidia enye inesifo) kwaye ingaquka:
- Ukukhupha, ukuvutha kunye nokuphefumula
- Usulelo lwe-urty tract
- Ubuthakathaka be-Muscular kunye nentlungu
- Intloko kunye nemigraines
- Umbono ogqityiweyo, uvelwano olukhanyayo, intlungu yeeyeso, ukucola ngokweqile
- Ukudibanisa kwe-Nasal, intlungu yesono
- I-inflamed gallbladder
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Microsporidiosis
Ukuxilongwa kwe-microsporidiosis kuxhaswa yinkcazo yempawu zeklinikhi kunye neempawu ze-symptomatology; ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwangaphambili (uvavanyo oluzimeleyo lobungakanani bentsholongwane kumntu ngamnye); kunye nokuhlalutya kwamathambo, umchamo, izicubu zomzimba, okanye ezinye izifo zomzimba.
I-electros microscopy yokuhambisa, nangona ixabisa, ingabonelela ngokucacileyo ngokuchonga ngokucacileyo i-microsporidia spores. Ngenye indlela, i-gram ekhanyisa i-microscope ebonakalayo isebenza kakuhle ekuboneni ukungena kwe-spore.
I-PCC ye-Genetic (i-polymerase chain reaction) ifunyenwe ukuchongwa kwe-microsporidia, kodwa phantse ngokupheleleyo kwisethingi zophando kuphela.
Unyango lwe Microsporidiosis
Njengoko i-microsporidiosis ngokuqhelekileyo ihambelana nokuxhatshazwa komzimba omzimba, kucetyiswa ukuba unyango lwe-antiretroviral (ipiriti) inokulawulwa njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokuqala yokusebenza.
Isiza se-azole, i-albendazole, esinokusetyenziswa sisetyenziswe kunyango lwe-microsporidia, ngokukodwa ngeentlobo ezinjenge- E. intestinalis , nangona ezinye iingcaphephe zibonise ukuba zingasebenzi kakuhle ekuphatheni ezinye iintlobo. I-Itraconazole iphinda isetyenziswe rhoqo nge-albendazole kwisifo esasasazwayo (oko kukuthi, xa sisasazeka ngaphaya kwesiza sokuqala sendawo).
I-antitifungal fumagillin nayo ithathwa njengendlela efanelekileyo, kunye nezinye izifundo ezibonisa ukuba unamanyathelo angcono kwiimeko ze- E. bienusi .
Nangona kunjalo, ayifumanekanga kwi-systemic esebenzayo e-United States. Amaconsi e-smoke agagillin ayatholakala kwiintsholongwane zeso, nangona kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ngokubambisana ne-albendazole unyango.
Nceda uqaphele ke, ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-albendazole okwangoku akukhuthazwa ngethuba lokuqala lokukhulelwa ngenxa yeemvavanyo zezilwanyana ezibonisa umngcipheko wokukhubazeka kokuzalwa komntwana. Kukho okwangoku akukho idatha ekhoyo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-albendazole ekukhulelweni kwabantu.
Ukuthintela i-Microsporidiosis
Njengoko i-etiology (imbangela) ye-microsporidiosis ayicaciswanga ngokupheleleyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba abantu abaxhatshazwa ngumzimba balandela imigaqo efana ne-cystoisosporiasis, equka ukuphepha amanzi angaphathiswa, inyama eluhlaza, okanye ukutya okulwandle.
Ukusetyenziswa kwegama: i -kro-spo-rid-ee-OH-suhs
Imithombo:
Keeling, P .; kunye noMadhani, H. "Imibuzo emihlanu nge Microsporidia". PLoS | Ii-Pathogens. Septemba 2009; 5 (9): e1000489.
ISebe lezeMpilo leSebe lezeMpilo (DHHS). "Izikhokelo Zokuthintela Nokunyangwa Kwezonyango Ezichaphazelekayo Kwi-HIV-Abathintekayo Abantwana Ne-Adolescent - I-Microsporidiosis." Rockville, Maryland; hlaziywa ngoMeyi 7, 2013
Dworkins, M .; Buskin, S .; Davidson, A .; okqhubekayo. "Ukunyuka kwe-Intestinal Microsporidiosis kwiMpilo yabantu abaNtsholongwane abane-Virus-Infected of Dwarrhea kwiMantla eMelika aseMelika." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo. Novemba-Disemba 2007; 49 (6): 339-342.
UKotler, u-D. no-Orenstein, J. "Ubuninzi be-intestinal Microsporidiosis kubantu abachaphazelekayo abane-HIV ababhekiselele kwi-Gastroenterological Assessment." I-American Journal yeGastroenterology. Novemba 1994; 89 (11): 1998-2002.
Molina, J; Tourneur, M .; Sarfati, C .; okqhubekayo. "Ukwelashwa kwe-Fumagillin ye-Intestinal Microsporidiosis". I-New England Journal of Medicine. NgoJuni 2002: 346 (25): 196319699.