I-Anemia, i-Neutropenia neThrombocytopenia
Ukunciphisa umongo we-Bone kubhekisela ekunciphiseni kwamandla omnatha wethambo ukwenza iiseli. Umongo wethambo yi "amandla enamandla" eyenza kwaye unikeze onke amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe kunye neeplatelets ukuxhasa umzimba.
Iziphumo
Xa umongo wethambo unqatshelwe, awukwazi ukubonelela umzimba ngeeseli zegazi ezaneleyo.
Ngalunye lweentlobo zeeseli zegazi zenza indima ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni:
- Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu - Iibomvu zegazi ezibomvu ziqukethe i-hemoglobin ephethe i-oksijini kuyo yonke iseli emzimbeni, iphinde ibuyise i-carbon dioxide kumapapu ukuba ikhuphe. Ukuba azikho ezaneleyo zeeseli zegazi ukuhambisa i-oksijini kuzo zonke izicubu zomzimba, umonakalo weseli nokufa kwenzeka, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypoxia . Iqondo elinciphile leeseli ezibomvu zegazi libhekiswa njenge- anemia .
- Iintsholongwane zegazi ezimhlophe - Iigazi zegazi ezimhlophe (ezaziwa nangokuthi i-leukocytes) yindlela yokukhusela imizimba yethu, ikhusela kwiibhaktheriya, ii-virus kunye nezinye izinto zangaphandle, kwanomzimba wesifo somhlaza. Ukuntuleka kweeseli zegazi ezimhlophe kuthiwa yi- leukopenia . Ngomhlaza, uya kuva malunga ne-neutropenia. I-neutropenia ibhekisela ekusileni kolunye uhlobo oluthile lwegazi elimhlophe elibizwa ngokuba yi- neutrophils . I-neutrophils idlala indima enkulu ekukhuseleni kwiibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, kwaye xa zingekho manani aneleyo, sithathwa sisifo kwisifo.
- Iiplatelet - Iiplatelets zinoxanduva lokudala ama-blood clots. Ukuba singenalo iiplatelets, igazi lethu alinakulinganiswa ngokwaneleyo xa sinqunywe okanye sikhatywe. Oku kunqongophe xa kubhekiswa njenge- thrombocytopenia .
Yintoni Eyibangela Ngethuba Phakathi Kwekhemotherapy?
I-Chemotherapy yenzelwe ukubulala iiseli ezikhula ngokukhawuleza ezinjengeeseli zomhlaza kodwa zichaphazela zonke iiseli ezikhula ngokukhawuleza.
Oku kubandakanya iiseli kwiintlobo zethu zeentloko, iisisu zesisu, kunye nomnatha wethambo. Xa la maseli emnzini wethambo awonakaliswe, akakwazi ukuvelisa kwaye abe yiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeeseli zegazi.
Zonke iiseli zegazi ziqala ngeseli eqhelekileyo eyaziwa njenge-cell stem ye-hematopoietic. Ngokusebenzisa inkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-hematopoiesis, iiseli ze-stem "zizodwa" kwaye ziba ngamaseli egazi kuquka iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli zegazi ezimhlophe kunye neeplatelet.
Iimpawu
Iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa komongo weethambo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lweeseli zegazi ezichaphazelekayo kwaye ziya kuchazwa ngezantsi ngaphantsi kwelolu hlobo lwamaqela egazi. Ngokubanzi, ukusilela kweeseli zegazi kubangela ukukhathala nokubuthathaka.
Ukuxilongwa
Ngaphambi nangemva kwe-chemotherapy, ugqirha wakho uya kulawula inani elipheleleyo legazi (CBC) , ukuze ubone ukuba nayiphi na ixabiso legazi lakho liphantsi. Ukuphonononga kwakhona kunye nokunyanga kuya kuxhomekeka kuyo, ukuba kukho na, kwezi zinto ziphantsi.
I-Chemotherapy-I-Anemia ekhuphayo
Ukunciphisa izinga lamaseli obomvu ngexesha le-chemotherapy libizwa ngokuba yi -anemia ekhutshwe ngamachiza. Xa kukho ezimbalwa iiseli zegazi ezibomvu zokuphatha i-oksijini kwiiseli, iziphumo zengxaki. Iimpawu ze-anemia zingabandakanya:
- Ukukhathala
- Lightheadedness okanye utywala
- Ubonakala obubomvu
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Isantya senhliziyo esheshayo okanye iipilpitations
Ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ugqirha wakho unokuqinisekisa ukuba i-anemia yakho iya kuphucula emva kokuba uyenziwe nge-chemotherapy, okanye unokucebisa unyango ngamachiza okukhuthaza ukuveliswa kweeseli zegazi, ukumisela i-iron supplement, okanye ukucebisa igazi . I-anemia yimbangela yokhathazeka yokukhathala, ngoko i-oncologists ijonge ngoku ngenyameko ngeli xesha kunyango. Ngelishwa, kukho izimbangela ezininzi zokukhathala komhlaza , kunye ne-anemia yinto enye kuphela.
I-Chemotherapy-I-Neutropenia echaphazelekayo
Iqondo eliphantsi lohlobo lwegazi elimhlophe elibizwa ngokuba yi-neutrophils ngexesha le-chemotherapy libhekiswa njenge- neutrotherapy-induced neutropenia .
Zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli zegazi ezimhlophe zingathinteka ngokunyanzelwa komongo weethambo, kodwa ukuxhatshazwa kwenani le-neutrophils kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphakameni umngcipheko wokusuleleka. Uninzi lweempawu ze-neutropenia zihlobene nezifo eziphuhlisayo kwaye zingaquka:
- Umkhuhlane ukhulu kunama-100.5 F.
- IChills
- Isiqhamo
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Ubomvu okanye umjelo malunga nokulimala okanye ukungena kumzimba onjengePort okanye IV line
Ngexesha le-chemotherapy, ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ukuba ugweme iimeko ezinokubangela ukusuleleka, njengokuchitha ixesha kunye nabantu abagulayo okanye ezithengileyo kwiindawo zokugcina izakhiwo. Ukuba inani lakho elimhlophe liphantsi kakhulu, unokucebisa ukuba unyango lwakho olulandelayo lusephuzile, okanye lunikwe imishanguzo ekuncedeni ukuthintela usulelo okanye ukuvuselela ukuveliswa kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Amachiza afana neNeupogen okanye i-Neulasta anesilingo eshukumisa ukubunjwa nokukhululwa kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ukusuka emnzini wethambo. Kwezinye iimeko, ziya kunikwa rhoqo ukuze kugcinwe i-white count count ngexesha le-chemotherapy.
I-Chemotherapy-Yenza i-Thrombocytopenia
Ekubeni iiplatelet zinoxanduva lokuqhawula igazi, inani leeplatelet eliphantsi lingakhokelela ekuphumeni kwegazi. Inani eliphantsi leplatelet ngenxa ye-chemotherapy libhekiswa njenge-throcytopenia eyenziwa yi-chemotherapy. Iimpawu ze-thrombocytopenia zingaquka:
- Ukululaza
- I-Petechiae - amabala obomvu kwesikhumba sakho esihlala sibomvu nangona ubeka ingcinezelo kubo
- Intlungu ehlangeneyo kunye neentlungu
- Igazi kumchamo wakho okanye izitulo
- Izihlandlo ezinzima
Ukuba inani lakho leplatelet liphantsi kakhulu okanye unengxaki yokuphuma kwegazi, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma ukumpontshelwa kweplatelet okanye imithi yokukhuthaza umongo wakho ukuba wenze iiplatelet ezingaphezulu. Ukuba unomdla, unokufunda okungaphezulu malunga nokujamelana ne-thrombocytopenia .
Iingcebiso zokujongana
Iqela lakho lononophelo lwempilo liza kujonga iibalo zegazi lakho kwaye licebise unyango ukuba ezi ziphantsi kakhulu, kodwa kukho izinto ezininzi ongayinceda ngazo ngeli xesha:
- Funda indlela yokuhlamba kakuhle izandla zakho - Izifundo zisitsho ukuba ininzi yabantu-nokuba ngabaqeqeshi bezempilo - abazihlambululi ngezandla zabo ngendlela engcono yokuhlala bekhuselekile ngexesha le-chemotherapy.
- Shayela ugqirha wakho nangayiphi na impawu zentsholongwane, njengomkhuhlane ophezulu kunama-100.5 F, ukukhwehlela, ukukhupha, ukuphefumula, okanye intlungu
- Phumla xa uziva unxibile
- Yima ngokukhawuleza emva kokuphumla
- Gwema amayeza afana ne-aspirin kunye ne-ibuprofen enokunyusa igazi
- Unokunyamekela ngokukhethekileyo ukuba ugweme imeko apho unokunqunyulwa okanye ukulimala
Imithombo:
American Cancer Society. Izifo kubantu abaneCarcer. Fi kelele 03/08/16. http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/physicalsideeffects/infectionsinpeoplewithcancer/infectionsinopleoplecancercer/index.
Cella D. Impilo yobomi kunye nezigqibo zeklinikhi kwi-chemotherapy-induced anemia. I-Oncology (Williston Park) . 2006. 20 (8 iSiza 6): 25-8.
Crea, F. et al. I-Pharmacologic ingqiqo ye-G-GSF prophylaxis yokuqala kwiigulane zomhlaza kunye nendima ye-pharmacogenetics ekuphuculeni ukonyango. Iingxelo eziPhambili kwi-Oncology / Hematology . 2008. Dec 24 24. (Epub phambi kokuprinta).
Hensley, M. et al. I-American Society ye-Clinical Oncology 2008 iikhompyutheni zokuqulunqa izikhokelo zokusetyenziswa: i-chemotherapy kunye nezikhuselo zonyango. Umbhalo we-Clinical Oncology . 2009. 27 (1): 127-45.
Pascoe, J. noN. Steven. Amayeza okukhusela i-febrile neutropenia. Iingcamango zangoku kwi-Hematology . 2009. 16 (1): 48-52
ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu. Isizwe seZiko lezeMpilo. I-Heart Heart Lung ne-Blood Institute Izifo neemeko Inkcazo. IAnemia. Ukuhlaziywa 05/18/12. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/anemia/.