I-anemia ngenxa ye- chemotherapy ayiyonto into esiyiva ngayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo njengoko, kuthi, ukulahleka kweenwele , kodwa yinto eqhelekileyo kunye nefuthe eliphantsi kwe-chemotherapy . Oko kwathiwa, ukuqonda iimpawu kunye nokuba nombono wento onokuyenza ngayo ukulawula kuzo kunokunciphisa impembelelo ebomini bakho.
Sibanzi
Eyaziwa nangokuthi "igazi eliphantsi" okanye "insimbi engcolileyo," i-anemia ichazwa ngokuncipha kwinani lamaseli obomvu (RBC) okanye i-hemoglobin.
Oku kubangela amandla okunciphisa igazi ukuba ithwale i-oksijini kumathambo omzimba.
I-anemia ivame ukuchazwa njenge-hemoglobin engaphantsi kwama-13,5 grams / 100 ml kumadoda kwaye ngaphantsi kwe-12 grams / 100 ml kwabasetyhini. Inokubangela ukukhathala kwaye kubangele ezinye iimpawu ezinokuchaphazela umgangatho wobomi.
Izizathu
Kukho izimbangela ezininzi ze-anemia ngexesha lotyando lomhlaza, kuquka:
- Imithi ye- Chemotherapy -Chemotherapy ukuhlaselwa ngokukhawuleza kweeseli, kubandakanywa neeseli ekugqibeleni zibe neeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ingabangela ukuba izilonda zomlomo , ukutshintsha ingcamango , okanye i- nudea enganciphisa ukutya kwakho kwezondlo ezifunekayo ukuze wenze amangqamuzana egazi abomvu.
- Ukuhlambalaza -Ukuchitha igazi ngenxa yokuhlinzwa okanye ukukhwehlela igazi (i-hemoptysis) kunokudala i-anemia.
- Umhlaza ngokwawo -I-Anemia ingenzeka ngezifo ezininzi ezingapheliyo, mhlawumbi ngenxa yesifo ngokwazo okanye ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwondlo ngenxa yesifo okanye unyango.
- Ukungaphumeleli kweengqondo - Oku kuqhelekileyo kwizigulane ezisebekhulile kunye nesiphumo esinokwenzeka sokuphelelwa ngumzimba kunye nomhlaza ngokwawo.
Isiganeko
Ucwaningo lwango-2016 lufumene ukuba i-anemia ixhaphake kakhulu kwizigulane zomhlaza, malunga neepesenti ezingama-90 zabantu abanezifo eziqinileyo ezifumana i-chemotherapy enesifo esithile se-anemia.
Ngombulelo, uninzi lwaba bantu bafumana i-anemia kuphela.
Ukuxilongwa
Ugqirha wakho uya kulawula inani elipheleleyo legazi ( CBC ) ngaphambi nangemva kwe-chemotherapy. Oku kuya kumnceda ukuba ahlolwe i-anemia ukuba unayo.
Iimpawu
Iimpawu onokuzifumana nge-anemia ziquka:
- Ukukhathala
- Ukungabi namandla
- Ukugqithisa okanye utywala, ngakumbi xa uhleli ngokukhawuleza okanye emi
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Intloko
- Ukubonakala kwangaphambili
- Isantya senhliziyo esheshayo okanye iipilpitations
- Iintlungu zesifuba
Unyango
Ininzi yexesha, i-anemia ephantsi iyakwazi ukujongana ngokuguqula indlela yokuphila encinane kwaye ulindele umzimba wakho ukuba wenze iiseli zegazi ezibomvu. Ukuphumla okwaneleyo, ukuma ngokukhawuleza, okanye ukusela iziyobisi kunye ne-caffeine okanye utywala kunokudambisa iimpawu zakho.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi ukuba isibalo sakho sebomvu segazi siphantsi kakhulu okanye ufumana iimpawu, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma unyango. Izinketho zokonyango ziquka:
- Ukutshintshiswa-Indlela ekhawulezayo yokwandisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi inegazi . Imiphumo emibi ingabandakanya ukukhulelwa komlilo, ukubola, kunye nomngcipheko omncinci wokuthatha igazi okanye ukuthatha isifo esithathelwanayo, njengesi-hepatitis.
- I-Iron supplement -Oral of IV izongezo zesinyithi zinokucetyiswa. Intsimbi ithathwa ngomlomo ilula kodwa ingabangela ukuba isisu singakhululeki. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zentsimbi ye-intravenous yintswelo engapheliyo yokutshiza, i-taste, i-headaches, kunye ne-joint or muscle aches iintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba unyango. Ngamanye amaxesha, iilenki zentsimbi zingabangela ukuphazamiseka kwemizimba enokuthi ingabonakali.
- Amayeza okukhuthaza ukubunjwa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi- ngamanye amaxesha asetyenziswa (ngokuqhelekileyo kunye kunye nesinyithi esine-intravenous) ukukhuthaza imveliso yamaseli obomvu emzimbeni wakho. Kukho okona kuninzi malunga neli ngonyango kwaye i-oncologist yakho iya kuxubusha inzuzo kunye nemingcipheko enokwenzeka ukuba oku kukhuthazwayo. Ezi zonyango ziquka uNgxelo okanye i-Epogen (epoetin alfa) kunye neAranesp (iDarbepoetin alfa) .
Ukujamelana
Indlela efanelekileyo yokujamelana ne-anemia kukuvumela ukuba uthathe lula kunokuba ude ude ude umzimba wakho unako ukubamba kunye nokwenza iiseli zegazi ezibomvu. Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba i-anemia yenye yeyona nto ibangela ukukhathala okunyangwa kakhulu kwaye kuya kudla ukuqala ukuphucula iiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuzalisa i-chemotherapy.
Ngelixa unesifo semvelo, zama uku:
- Fumana inani elaneleyo lokulala kunye ne-nap xa kuyimfuneko.
- Sukuma ngokukhawuleza, ngakumbi xa uhleli okanye ulala phantsi ixesha elide.
- Phuza amanzi amaninzi.
- Gwema i-caffeine, ucuba kunye notywala.
- Cela uncedo.
Ngexesha lokuya kubiza ugqirha
Vumela ugqirha wakho ukuba uyazifumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingenzeka ngenxa ye-anemia. Phakathi kokutyelela, fowuna ukuba uyaphawula nayiphi na le mpawu ibuhlungu, ingakumbi ukuba uphefumula kakhulu, intliziyo yakho isantya ngokukhawuleza kunexesha eliqhelekileyo, uziva unxinzekile nangona uphumle, okanye ukuba uzive ulula okanye uphazamisekile.
Kwabathandwa
Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, enye yezona ndlela ezilungileyo kakhulu abantu abanokujamelana nayo ne-anemia ngexesha lokuphika i-chemotherapy ngokucela uncedo. Oko kwathiwa, abaninzi abantu abaphila nomhlaza bayanqikaza ukucela uncedo. Bayesaba ukuba ngumthwalo okanye ukulahlekelwa ngumqondo wokuzimela.
Ukuba ungumthandi womntu onomdlavuza, qaphela la macebiso malunga nendlela yokuxhasa umntu omthandayo ngomhlaza kunye nokuba " yintoni ethanda ukuhlala nomdlavuza " oxoxa ngento abantu abanomdlavuza abanqwenela ukuba abo bathandekayo bazi.
Imithombo:
Auerbach, M. kunye noHallard. Isitravenous iron kwi-oncology. Umbhalo weNational Cancer Network Network . 2008. 6 (6): 585-92.
Usapho, L., Xu, L., Hu, H. et al. Impembelelo ye-anemia ekwenzeni i-chemotherapy ekunciphiseni umthamo kunye nokulibaziseka kwamathamo. Unonophelo loNcedo kwiCancer . Ngo-2016 ngoMeyi 11. (Epub ngaphambi kokuprinta).
Glaspy, J. Erythropoietin kwiiNgxaki zeMhlaza. Uhlolo loNyaka lweMithi . 2008. Novemba 3. (Epub ngaphambi kokuprinta).
Mhaskar, R., Wao, J., Miladinovic, B., Kumar, A., kunye no-B. Djulbegovic. Indima yesinyithi ekulawuleni i-chemotherapy-induced anemia kwizigulane zomhlaza ezifumana i-erythropoiesis-ezikhuthaza abantu. I-Cochrane Database yeeNkqubo eziPhezulu . 2016. 2: CD009624.
Xu, H., Xu, L., Page, J. et al. Ingozi ye-anemia kwizigulane ezifunyanwe nezixubile ezifumana i-chemotherapy, ngo-2010-2013. Epidemiology . 2016. 8: 61-71.