Ubomvu busulelo lwe-viral echaphazela kakhulu i-stalies, eveza izihlunu ezibuhlungu kunye nesifo somkhuhlane. Ilula ngokulula kodwa inokukhuselwa ngogonyamelo. Akukho nonyango efumanekayo ngaphandle kwesiphumo sempawu, ngokuphindwa kubonakala kwiiveki ezimbini. Amagqabantshintshi akhathazeka ngakumbi xa unesifo emva kokuba usuphelile, njengoko iingxaki zingabandakanya ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe, iintloko zamathambo, kunye ne-meningitis.
Funda indlela onokunciphisa umngcipheko weengcambu zeendlela kunye neendlela zokuphatha umntwana wakho okanye wena.
Iimpawu
Abanye abantu abanentsholongwane yegciwane lesigciwane ngeke babone iimpawu ezibonakalayo. Ukuba kukho iimpawu, ziyakwazi ukuhluka ukusuka kumncinci ukuya kunzima. Ezi zibonakaliso zivame ukubonakala malunga neentsuku ezimbini emva kokusuleleka kwaye zingaphila iiveki ezimbini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimpawu zokuqala ziquka:
- Fever
- Intloko
- Ukuqhaqhazela, iintlungu ezinobunzima eziphantsi kweendlebe okanye umhlathi (malunga neepesenti ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-40 ekhulwini amatyala)
- Intlungu
- Intlungu ebusweni
Izimpawu ezingaqhelekanga kodwa ezinzima kakhulu kunye neengxaki zingabandakanya:
- Ukuvuvukala okubonakalayo kwesigqubuthelo sombilini okanye umthambo womthambo (i-meningitis) ebangela ukuba i-heading isicatshuse. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuvutha kwengqondo (encephalitis) iyakwenzeka.
- Amathambo avuyiweyo kunye neentlungu (orchitis), ngokugqithiseleyo kwiminyaka yobudala. Nangona oko kudla ngokusombulula, kunokubangela ukunciphisa isibalo sesidoda kwaye, ngokungafanekiyo, kungabikho kwintsholongwane.
- Ukulahlekelwa kokuvalelwa kokuvavanya okuqhelekileyo okwethutyana kodwa kunokuba kusekho isigxina
- Ukubandakanyeka kwamanye amaziko njengentliziyo, i-pancreas, kunye nama-ovari
- Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu, ukufa kuya kwenzeka.
Abantu abangakhuselekanga basemngciphekweni weengxaki xa sele benesifo seengxube emva kokutshatyalaliswa. Ezi ziquka i-orchitis, ukuvutha kwe-ovari, ukunyuka kwe-encephalitis, kunye nobungozi obuninzi bokuphuphuma komzimba kwi-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa.
Izizathu
Intsholongwane eyenza i- mumps ifana nesifo sengculazi kwaye isasazeka ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu ngamaconsi. Amagqabantshintshi adluliselwa ngokuza ngokuqhagamshelana ngqo kunye namathambo okanye ukukhutshwa kwimpumlo okanye ngomlomo womntu ogulayo. Iindlela eziphambili zentsholongwane ziquka:
- Ukuhlahlela
- Ukukrazula
- Ukukrazula
- Ukwabelana ngeziglasi okanye izitsha
- Ukuthetha kufuphi
- Ukudibanisa kunye neendawo ezingcolileyo
Ukugonywa nge- measle, ummva, i-rubella, (MMR), ukugonya kwe- MMRV (ekwabandakanya i-varicella), okanye ukugonywa kwe-mumalone (monovalent). Inconywayo inconywa kwiintsana ezineminyaka eyi-12 ukuya kwi-15 ubudala, kunye neyesibili yesantya esinikwe phakathi kweminyaka engama-4 ukuya kwe-6. Nabani na umntu omdala owazalwa emva ko-1957 kufuneka afumane imifanekiso ye-MMR ukuba ayengakwenzi oko. Kunconywa ngokukhethekileyo kubasebenzi bezempilo kunye nabantu abaya kubahamba ngelizwe lonke.
Emva kokuba unemimpi, kufuneka uhlakulele umkhuhlane kwaye awufanele ukuwufumana kwakhona. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukukhuseleka ngenxa yokugonywa okanye ukuvalelwa kwamathumbu akuyi kukhula okanye kuhlaselwa ngenxa yesistim somzimba esicinezelekileyo.
Ukuxilongwa
Ugqirha wakho uya kufaka ukuxilongwa kweemvumba ezisekelwe kwiimpawu zakho. Iimvavanyo eziqinisekisiweyo zingenziwa, kubandakanywa uvavanyo lwe-buccal swab polymerase (PCR) lwe-saliva kunye nokuhlolwa kwegazi kuma-antibodies.
Ukuphonononga iimvavanyo kunokuthi kwenziwe xa kukho ukukhankanywa kweengxaki zamathambo, njengokukhukhumeza kwamathambo kubantu abadala.
Unyango
Unyango lwe-mumps ukunciphisa iimpawu njengoko intsholongwane iqhuba ikhosi yayo kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-12. Akukho naluphi unyango lwe-anti-antial and antibiotics aluyi kuba nempembelelo. I-Acetaminophen okanye ibuprofen ingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umkhuhlane kunye nokunciphisa intlungu. Ukuxinwa okubandayo kunye nokufudumala kunokusetyenziselwa izigulane ezivuvuzayo.
Ufanele uphuze uninzi lwamanzi ukukhusela ukutyhila amanzi kwaye utshintshe ukutya okuthambileyo okungafuneki ukuhlafuna. Gwema ukutya okuphazamisa isalathisi, ezifana nokutya okumnandi kunye neeritrus.
Ukugubha ngamanzi etyuwa afudumele kunokunciphisa umqala. Ukuba unesifo se-testicles ungagqoka umxhasi wezemidlalo kwaye usebenzise iipakethe ze-ice ukunciphisa intlungu.
ILizwi
Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ufumana umva, akukho nto ongayenza ngaphandle kokunciphisa iimpawu. Nangona iimbumba zazingumntwana wesifo, ngoku kubonakala kungabonakali ngokugqithisekayo kwendawo phakathi kwabantwana abangakhuselekanga nabadala. Usemngciphekweni weengxaki ezinzulu emva kokuba usuphelile iminyaka yobudala, ugxininisa ukubaluleka kokugonywa.
> Imithombo:
> Ubumnyama. Clinical Mayo. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mumps/diagnosis-reatreatment/drc-20375366.
> Amathumbu: Ababoneleli ngezeMpilo. Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. https://www.cdc.gov/mumps/hcp.html.
> Papdopol R. Mumps. KidsHealth.org. https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/mumps.html.
> URubin S, uEckhaus M, uRennick LJ, uBamford CG, iDuprex WP. I-Molecular Biology, i-Pathogenesis kunye nePathology ye-Mumps Virus. J Pathol. 2015 Jan; 235 (2): 242-52. i-doi: 10.1002 / indlela.4445.