Ukuxilongwa kwesifo kubangelwa yi-virus eyenziwa ngokugqithiseleyo ngokuthintana. Ukukhulelwa ngamathambo akuqhelekanga kuba abantu abaninzi banokugonywa. Nangona kunjalo, unokufumana intsholongwane ukuba awugonyanga, okanye, kwiimeko ezingavamile, ukuba awunasifo emva kokuba ugonywe.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo
Ubomi bubangelwa yintsholongwane engena emzimbeni ngeembrane ezinamaqabunga, ezi ziindawo ezingaphakathi komlomo wakho, impumlo nomqala.
Intsholongwane ebangela ukuba i-mumps i-paramyxovirus.
Indlela iParamyxovirus isasazeka ngayo
Intsholongwane inokuphila kwiindawo zokuphefumula, kwaye yile ndlela isatshintshwa ngayo kumntu kumntu. Amaconsi aphefumulayo anokusasaza intsholongwane ngeziganeko eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokukhwehlela kunye nokukrazula.
Unokubamba intsholongwane xa uthintela izinto ezinentsholongwane kuzo. Ukukwabelana ngeenkompo, izitya kunye nezinye izinto, okanye ukudibene nomntu onommangalo unokunyusa amathuba akho okufumana isifo. Ukungabi nococeko olufanelekileyo, njengokuhlamba izandla , kunokunyusa ukusasazeka kwegciwane.
Iimvumba zinexesha lokuxubusha , oko kuthetha ukuba emva kokuba usulelekileyo unesifo sengculaza kuthatha ixesha leempawu zokugula ukuphuhlisa. Ixesha lokuxubusha kwee-mumps li malunga neveki ezimbini ukuya kwethathu. Ngenxa yeli xesha lokuxubusha, unokufumana intsholongwane kumntu ongeyayazi ukuba unayo kwaye, ngokufanayo, unokusasaza intsholongwane kwabanye nangona ungazi ukuba unayo.
Iindlela ezinobangela ukugula
I-paramyxovirus ibangela ukumelana nomzimba njengoko umzimba uzama ukulwa nalo, owenza umonakalo obonakalisa iimpawu, obangela iimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane kunye nesimo sokuvuvukala ubuso kunye nentamo.
Ikwachazwa nje ngokuba yi-virus ye-neurotrophic, oku kuthetha ukuba inomdla wokuhamba kwinkqubo yeentlanzi.
Ngenxa yolu mgangatho we-neurotrophic, ukufikelela kuma-50 ekhulwini kubantu abanentsholongwane yamathambo baye baboniswa ukuba banyuke kwiiseli kwi-spinal fluid yabo, kunye nepesenti ezincinci zezigulane ezineempawu zesifo se-meningitis (ukusuleleka kwesimbozo sokukhusela kwengqondo) okanye i-encephalitis (ukusuleleka kwengqondo ngokwayo).
Intsholongwane inokuchaphazela ezinye iindawo zomzimba, kuquka i-pancreas kunye nee-testes, ngokuqhelekileyo kubangela ukwandiswa okubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwezi ndawo.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo kunye neengozi
Kukho imeko kunye neemeko ezinokukubeka phambili ukuze uhlakulele imimpi. Nangona kunjalo, isigulo singakwazi ukuveliswa ngokungalindelekanga, nangona kungenjalo kakhulu.
Amangxube kubantu abaNcinci
Ukuxilongwa kweentsholongwane kungakhula kubantu abagonywe. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba ufumene ugonyo olufanelekileyo lweemvumba, usenokusuleleka.
Oku kungenxa yokuba isitofu sokugonywa, ngelixa lisebenza kakuhle, alikho ipesenti ezili-100 eziphumelelayo kuwo wonke umntu. Kukholelwa ukuba kuphakathi kwe-88 ukuya kuma-93 ekhulwini ukuphumelela ekuveliseni umzimba. Ngoko xa abaninzi abantu begonywe, usulelo luba luncinci kuluntu, ukuvelisa into echazwe njenge-immune immunity.
Umkhuhlane we-Herd ngumkhwa wokusuleleka kwintsholongwane ebantwini, njengoko amaqela abantu abaye batyilwa banako ukugula.
Ngoko ke, ba khusela omnye nomnye ekufumaneni nasekusasazeni intsholongwane. Sekunjalo, kanye ngexesha elithile, abantu abagonywayo banokusuleleka.
Kukholelwa ukuba usulelo lwakho lunokuba lunzima xa ugonywe, kodwa loo ngongoma ayicaciswanga ngokupheleleyo.
Ukunqongophala komzimba emva kokugonywa
Ukuba uhlakulela ukukhuseleka komzimba ngenxa yemithi yokuguqula imithi, umhlaza, okanye isifo esichaphazela isistim somzimba sakho, ungase ulungele ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane nangona ukuba uphonywe kwaye ukhuselwane nentsholongwane ngaphambili. Thetha ugqirha ukuba ugqibe ukuba ngaba kubalulekile ukuba uphinde uphinde uxoxe.
Iintsana Ezizalwe Oomama Abathintekayo
Nangona kungenjalo, abafazi abachaphazelwa ngama-mumps ngexesha lokukhulelwa banokuhambisa intsholongwane kwiintsana zabo ezingakazalwa, kunye neengxaki zokuphuhlisa.
Ngenxa yokuba igciwane eliphilayo, kukho inkxalabo malunga nokugonywa koomama abakhulelweyo. Kukhuseleke kakhulu ukufumana zonke iintsholongwane zokugonywa ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awuzange ugonywe izifo ezinokusuleleka ezinjengeemvaphu ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngesimo sakho sokugonywa nodokotela wakho, kwaye iingcebiso ezithile malunga nokugonywa kwakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa ziya kuxhomekeka kwingozi yakho yokugula, kwaye umngcipheko kwintsana yakho.
Ukuqubuka
Kukho ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu apho amaqela abantu abavela kwimihlali efanayo bahlakulela ukusuleleka kwe-mumps. Oku kuye kwachazwa phakathi kwabantu abangazange bagonywe, kunye nabantu abagonywe. Ezi ziqhambuka zingenzeka phakathi kwabantu ababelana ngeendawo zokuhlala. Ininzi yeziganeko zichazwe kwiidorho zeekholeji okanye amaqela ezemidlalo, umzekelo.
Usulelo lweNtsholongwane
Ukungaphumeleli kwe-immune kungavimbela ukugonya okuphilayo ekubangela ukukhuselana. Ukuba unesifo sokukhusela umzimba, unokusuleleka ngeengcambu ngexesha lokugonywa ngenxa yokuba awukwazi ukulwa ngokwaneleyo intsholongwane kunye ne-immune system. Oku kuyinto engavamile kakhulu.
Izinto zokuPhila kweengozi
Kukho izinto ezinobungozi bokuphila ezinobungozi bokunyusa iintsholongwane.
Ukungagonywanga
Ukuba awuzange ugonywe, oku kukubeka kumngcipheko ophezulu wokusuleleka ngama-mumps. Kuye kwaba khona ukuvela kwakhona kokusuleleka, okubonakala ngokubonakalayo ngenxa yokungabikho kokungakhuselekanga.
Ukwabelana ngesithuba kunye nomntu ongagonywanga
Kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuba ukwazi ukwazi ngubani na onokukutyhila wena okanye umntwana wakho ukuba angene emkhatsini, ingakumbi ukuba awukwazi imbali yabo yezobugqirha. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho imimiselo yendawo okanye yeziko malunga nokugonywa xa kufikelele ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yeqela, ezifana nokuhamba kwezikolo.
Nangona kunjalo, iimeko apho amaqela amaninzi abantu ahlala kunye kunye nokwabelana ngezinto ezinokuba neempompo zokuphefumula zandisa amathuba okutyhila kuzo zonke iintlobo zezifo ezithathelwanayo kunye ne-virus. Kuzo zonke iimeko, yenza konke okusemandleni akho ukuba wenze ucoceko olufanelekileyo. Ukuhlamba izandla kunye nokubulala i-disinfecting, isenzo esilula, kunokukunceda.
> Imithombo:
> Lewnard JA, Grad YH. I-vaccine iyancipha kwaye i-mumps ivela kwakhona kwi-United States. Sci Shintsha iMed. 2018 uMatshi 21; 10 (433). pii: eaao5945. i-doi: 10.1126 / scitranslmed.aao5945.
> URubin S, uEckhaus M, uRennick LJ, uBamford CG, iDuprex WP. I-biology ye-molecular, i-pathogenesis kunye ne-pathology ye-mumps virus. J Pathol. 2015 Jan; 235 (2): 242-52. i-doi: 10.1002 / indlela.4445.