Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kubekho umendo obandakanya abadumileyo abenza njengabacebisi ngezempilo. Basebenzisa ukuma kwabo bezentlalo ukubonelela ngeengcebiso zonyango kunye nokuxhasa imveliso. Kwaye kulindeleke ukuba lo mkhwa uqhubeke kwaye ukhuphuke. Uphando lucebisa ukuba uninzi lwabantu luvile ukuvuma nokucebisa okunjalo-kwaye baninzi abenzayo ngokwenene.
Abantu banomdla kakhulu ngabantu abadumileyo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo bathabatha oko bathethayo entliziyweni. Xa udumo lukhuthaza uphando olusisiseko olusesikweni (oko kukuthi, ubungqina-obusekelwe kwisiseko) abantu abangaphezulu kakhulu banomdla kubo.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho kwakhona ukuphazamiseka kwenkxaso yokudumisa. Xa udumo lukhuthaza ukungenelela okanye unyango olungenakuxhaswa bubungqina, imiphumo yoluntu inokuba yonakalisa okanye iyingozi.
Nangona sisisitya sempilo yoluntu, asazi nto malunga noluhlobo oluthile lokuxhaswa kwabadumileyo. Asazi ukuba iindwendwe zilinganisa ulwazi olunxulumene nempilo, izimo zengqondo kunye nokuziphatha. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iingcamango ezizama ukucacisa iindlela zeli ganeko.
Iingcebiso-Iingcebiso eziMnandi zoBukumkani
Masiqale sibone iqela elidumileyo elihambelana nobungcali bonyango kwaye samkela iingcebiso.
- Ngomnyaka we-1991, uMichel Johnson, umdlali webhola webhola yebhola, wachaza ukuba unentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Isibhengezo sakhe siphakamisa ulwazi malunga neHIV ne-AIDS phakathi koluntu. Kwakukho ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kubantu ababiza ii-US Centers zokuLawula nokuLawula iNgcaciso kaGawulayo kaGawulayo ecela ulwazi.
- Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990, uBob Dole wakhulisa ukuqaphela ukuchithwa kwe-erectile (ED). U-Dole wafunyaniswa kwaye waphathwa nge-cancer yeprotate waza wafumana u-ED, oye waya kwirekhodi ukuze axoxe. UDole naye waba ngumkhulumeli we-Viagra, osebenza kakuhle ekuphatheni i-ED. Kwinkoliso yamadoda aphethwe ngonyango ukunyanga umdlavuza we-prostate, i- erectile dysfunction iyimpembelelo echaphazelekayo kuba iisondlo kunye nemithambo yegazi ukulawula ukulungiswa kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ngomnyaka we-1997, umyeni weNdwendwe kaKathy Couric, uJay Monahan, wafumanisa ukuba unomdlavuza wekoloni . Wafa ezintandathu kwiinyanga ezisi-9 ubudala. Ngomnyaka ka-2000, iCourric yatshengisa ikolonoscopy yayo kwi-"Today". Kwinyanga elandelayo emva kokuhlola kwakhe, kukho ukunyuka kweepesenti ezingama-21 kwiimvavanyo ze-colon kunye nomhlaza wesibeleko.
- Ngomnyaka we-2005, umculi waseAustralia uKylie Minogue wafunyaniswa nomhlaza wesifuba apho wayephathwa ngayo nge-mastectomy. Emva koko, kukho ukunyusa kwama-40 ekhulwini kwinani labantu abafuna imimmograms-isiskrini somhlaza wesifuba-kumazwe amane ase-Australia.
- Ngomhla ka-Matshi 2009, inani lomhlaza wesibeleko liye laphindwa kabili eNgilani, xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo kunyaka odlulileyo. Oku kuphakanyiswa kuJade Goody, inkwenkwezi yaseTrithani yenkwenkwezi, eyafa ngumhlaza wesibeleko.
- Udokotela uMichael J. Fox, ophethe isifo sika-Parkinson , uye wakhulisa ngaphezu kweedola ezingama-450 zamaRandi kuMichael J. Fox Foundation oxhasa uphando lukaParkinson.
Iseluleko esingafanelekanga
Ngoku makhe sijonge iqela elidumileyo eliye labonakala lichitheka okanye lonakalise.
- Ubuntu beMediya uJenny McCarthy ukuchasana nezigloyiko ngenxa yokuba bangela ukuba i-autism yimizekelo ehamba phambili yeengcebiso ezidumileyo. Umbutho onobuqhetseba udibene kwaye abantwana abangenayo iigonyana banokufa ngezifo ezikhuselekile.
- Umlingisi uChristina Applegate waba ngummeli wovavanyo lokuqala emva kokufunyaniswa ngumhlaza wesisu ngo-2008 eneminyaka engama-36 kwaye ephantsi kwesibini. Nangona kunjalo, i-Applegate isekela ukusetyenziswa kwe-MRI (i-imagery magnetic resonance imaging) ukufumana umdlavuza wesifuba, ongahambelani nembono yesivumelwano sezobugqirha zokujonga abafazi emngciphekweni ophezulu wokuvelisa umdlavuza webele.
- Ngokufanayo, emva kokuba ufumene ukuba unokuguqulwa kwe-BRCA1 , okwandisa umngcipheko weengcambu zebele kunye ne-ovarian ezincinci kumabhinqa, u-Angelina Jolie u-actrice wakhetha ukuba ne-double mastectomy yokukhusela. U-Jolie wayenoluntu kakhulu malunga nokulwa kwakhe nokukhuthaza ukuqonda. Emva koko, abantu abaninzi banomdla wokuvavanya iinguqu ze-BRCA. Nangona kunjalo, utshintsho lwe-BRCA luyimbangela engavumelekanga yomhlaza lowo kwaye igcinelwe abantu abaneenkcukacha ezinobungqina bentsapho yesi sifo. Olu konyuka ekuhlolweni aluzange lunconywe okanye luyindleko.
- Ummeli uSusanne Somers uxhasa ukusetyenziswa kweprotolytic enzyme yonyango ye-pancreatic cancer. Ukwaxhasa nokusetyenziswa kwee-hormone eziphilayo ukuguqula ukuguga. Akukho nongenelelo olusekelwe kubungqina bonyango.
- Kwimpapasho yakhe yokuphila ngeveki nganye, i-GOOP, umlingisi uGwyneth Paltrow wakhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamaqanda aseJade afakwa kwisini ukuze ancede nge-tone muscle ye-vaginal, ibhalansi ye-hormone, kunye namandla amabhinqa. Le ngcebiso ayixhaswa ngophando.
- Umninimzi waseBrithani umbonisi weNgqungquthela uSir Michael Parkinson wacebisa oku kulandelayo ngomhlaza wesifo seprotate: "Uvavanyo lukanokuba unokwenzela udonga oluvela kwiinyawo ezimbini, awunalo."
Kutheni Kuthetha Ukuba Uluntu Luphulaphule Abadumi?
Nangona sikwazi ukubonisa ngokucacileyo imimiselo yeengcebiso ezilungileyo kunye ezimbi, izixhobo eziphambili kwiingcebiso ezidumileyo azicacanga. Abaphandi bezeMpilo baqala ukuhlola ezi mpawu kwaye banokuqikelela. Nalu uluhlu lweendlela ezili-14 ezicatshulwayo:
- Iingcebiso zezobugcisa zonyango zingatshintsha ngokuthe ngqo ukujonga kwabanye abantu.
- Abantu balandela iingcebiso zezobugqirha eziziwayo ukuze bathuthukise ulwazi lwabo noluntu.
- Iingcebiso zomntu kunye nempumelelo eyabelana ngabadumileyo inokubonakala ilungile.
- Abantu-ingakumbi abo abanamalungelo okuzithemba azinziwayo kubantu abadumileyo abenza bazive bezimeleyo, banako kwaye bancedwa ngabanye. Ezi ziqhotyoshelweyo ziqhuba abanye abantu ukuba bavelele iingcebiso ezidumileyo kunye nokuvumela.
- Abantu bathenga iinkonzo zonyango kunye nemveliso yezempilo evunywe ngabadumileyo ukuba bafumane iimpawu ezidumileyo ezidibene nantoni na eyamukelwayo. Ngokomzekelo, xa udumo lukhangisa inkqubo yokulahlekelwa kwesisindo kunye namabango alahlekelwe isisindo ngenxa yalo, abalandeli bafuna ukufana noDumo kunye nokulahlekelwa isisindo usebenzisa inkqubo.
- "Impembelelo ye-halo" ibhekisela kwi-generalization eyenziwe luluntu jikelele ukuba ngenxa yokuba udumo ngumngceli ophumelelayo, impumelelo yawo yenza ukuba ibe yinto ethembekileyo kuyo yonke imiba, kubandakanyekile ehambelana nempilo kunye nokuphila kakuhle. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba udumo lunikeza iingcebiso zezokwelapha ngenxa yokuba zenze impumelelo kwezinye iindawo, ngoko kufuneka zibe ngunyango lwezokwelapha.
- Iziphakamiso zoononophelo zenza izixhobo zengqondo zakha imibutho emihle. Ezi zinxulumano ezintle zenza imemori emihle yemveliso okanye inkonzo enikiweyo.
- Ukwazisa ngokugqithiseleyo kusebenze iindawo zengqondo ezinxulumene nentembeko kunye nenkumbulo. Le ntshukumo yenza abantu bathande imveliso okanye inkonzo.
- Abadumi bezohambo zendalo zemvelo zenze abantu izigqibo ngokusekelwe kwindlela abanye abaye benza ngayo izigqibo kwiimeko ezifanayo. Lo mkhuba ubizwa ngokuba "ukuziphatha kwemfuyo."
- Iingcebiso ezigqithisileyo zisasazeka kwiintanethi zentlalo kwaye zichaphazela bonke abantu ngokuqhagamshelana nabantu abangenakubalwa, ukufumana ukugqwesa nokukhangela.
- Abantu balinganisa iingcebiso zonyango zabantu abadumileyo njengenzuzo, enenjongo yokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa ukugcina imibono engahambelaniyo.
- Abantu balandela ululeko lwezokwelapha lwabo bantu abadumileyo abaye bazibona befana nabo.
- Abantu baziva kakuhle ngabantu abadumileyo kwaye ngaloo ndlela baziva bexhamle ngemveliso kunye neenkonzo ezizikhuthazayo-umzekelo wesimo sengqondo.
- Ukuvunyelwa okwenziwe ngabadumileyo kubakhonkco, okanye iimpawu , ezahlula imveliso enye okanye inkonzo kwenye.
ILizwi
Kukho umdala omdala: Musa ukukholwa yonke into oyibonayo kumabonwakude. Siphila kwiindawo eziphathekayo zeendaba kunye nabasemagunyeni banikeza inkxaso kunye neengcebiso usebenzisa iziteshi ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iincwadi, amaphephancwadi, iiwebhsayithi, umabonwakude, i-radiyo, i-podcasts kunye neendaba zoluntu. Ezinye zeli cebiso zilungile kwaye ezinye zazo zibi; abanye bazinzi kwaye baxhaswa yimvakalelo yendalo kwaye ezinye zibangelwa yimali.
Ngexesha elizayo xa uva okanye ubona udumo lwakho oluthandayo oluxhasa imveliso yempilo okanye inkonzo, cinga ngesizathu sokuba uyamangaliswa kakhulu ngcebiso. Ingaba ngumdumo okanye ingcebiso? Ingaba ukhokelo luvakala kakuhle kwaye lusebenza kuwe okanye othandekayo? Ingaba umntu onengqiqo uyavumelana na udumo? Ingaba icebiso lifuna ukuba uthenge into ethile?
Xa kuziwa kwizigqibo ezibalulekileyo zezempilo, ezifana nomhlaza okanye esinye isifo sokuhlola, kufuneka wenze ukuqeshana nodokotela wakho ukuba uxoxe ngezinto ezixhalabisa kwaye uchaze oko wakuvelayo. Khumbula ukuba uninzi lwabantu abadumileyo alukho iingcali zonyango. Ewe, banokubethanda ukucula, ukwenza, ukudansa, okanye ukudlala imidlalo. Kodwa njengazo zonke izakhono ezizodwa kunye neetalente, ezi zinto azibonakali kwezinye iindawo. Ugqirha wakho uqeqeshiwe ukunika isiluleko esifanelekileyo-isiluleko esisekelwe kwisiseko-esekelwe kwaye sinceda.
> Imithombo:
> BRCA1 kunye ne-BRCA2: Ingozi yeCcercer and Testing Genetic. NIH. www.cancer.gov
> Hoffman, SJ, et al. Iimpembelelo zeMveli kwiZempilo ezinxulumene neZempilo, izimo zengqondo, izithintelo kunye neziphumo zezimo: iProtokholi yoHlolo oluHlolo, ukuHlanywa kweMeta-Analysis, kunye nokuHlulwa koLungiso lweMeta. Uhlolo lweNkqubo. 2017.
> Hoffman, SJ, kunye noTan, C. Ukulandela Iseluleko sezonyango zamaBantu: Uhlalutyo lwe-Meta-Narrative Analysis. BMJ. 2013; 347: f7151.
> Larson RJ, et al. Ukuxhaswa kobuGqirha beCancer Screening . J yethu yaseNational Cancer Institute. 2005; 97 (9): 693-5.