Umntwana wakho unokufumana isikolo nzima kunanoma yintoni enye indlela!
Isikolo asiqhelwanga yindawo enhle kubantwana abane-autism. Yaye ingxaki ngezizathu ezibini.
Okokuqala, abantwana abane-autistic bachitha ixesha elininzi lokufunda indlela yokujamelana nommandla ongekho ukuvumelanisa kunye namakhono abo kunye nemingeni. Emva koko, bekunzima iminyaka ukuzakhela ezo zakhono, ngoko kufuneka bashiye imeko leyo ukuba bahluke okanye baphumelele.
Kwiinkwenkwezi ezininzi ze-autistic, isikolo sinzima nakakhulu kunoma yimuphi ummandla wokusebenza - ngezizathu ezininzi ezilungileyo.
Kutheni iSikole Singaba Ngendawo Engalungileyo Kwabantwana Abazimeleyo
Ngelishwa, ityala eliqhelekileyo kwisikolo sikarhulumente kwisiqhelo se-21 sibonakala senziwe ngenjongo yokwenza ubomi bunzima kwaye kungakhathazeki nakubani na obenomncinci kakhulu wale mingeni, konke okuhamba kunye ne-autism:
- Ukungasebenzi komntu : Nana bantwana abanomdla ogqithiseleyo ngomsindo omkhulu, izibane ezikhanyayo kunye nezinye iingcamango zengqondo ziphantse ukuba zixhalabele kwaye ziphazamiseke ngenxa yezinto ezivakalayo, izibane zokukhanyisa, ukubethelela abantwana, ukuchaneka kunye neeninzi ngamanye amava ngamava "aphekwa" kwisikolo sikarhulumente. Abantwana abane-autism ngaba, ngokucacileyo, bajongene nemingeni ejongene neengxaki.
- Ubunzima bokufunda okanye ukuthetha ukuqonda : Ukuvavanya okuqhelekileyo kunye "nokukhankanya" kuthetha ukuba nabantwana abancinci kulindeleke ukuba baqonde kwaye benze okanye baphendule ulwimi oluthethiweyo nolwimi olubhaliweyo - ngesantya esiphezulu. Njengoko abantwana bekhulile (ukuthetha kundala kuneminyaka engama-7), nayiphi na ingqungquthela kwisalathiso sezandla okanye ukufundwa kokubonakalayo kuyalala - kunye nokulindela ngomlomo kukunyuka. Abantwana abane-autism baqiniseke ukuba bahlaseli kakhulu, njengoko ukuthetha ngomlomo kunye nokuqonda kuyinselele enkulu.
- Umsetyenzana wokuSebenza oPhethekileyo: Ukusebenza ngokusemgangathweni kukukwazi ukucwangcisa nokwenza iiprojekti ezininzi, ezikhumbuza izinto ezifana neepameters zeprojekthi, ixesha elifanelekileyo kunye nezinye izinto. Ngamanye amazwi, kukukwazi ukulawula umsebenzi wesikolo, iiprojekthi ze sikolo, ukufundisisa iimvavanyo, nokucwangcisa phambili kweziganeko, amathuba ehlobo kunye nokunye. Ukusebenza okulawulayo ngumngeni omkhulu kubo bonke abantu abanegunya.
- Iimpawu ezintle kunye neengxowankulu zeMoto: Izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi zibaluleke kakhulu ekubhaliseni, ukudweba, ukusika, ukugcoba kunye nokuphatha izinto ezincinci ezifana ne-glass microscope i-slides kunye ne-tweezers. Izakhono zombane ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukuxuma, ukukhaba, ukuphonsa, ukugijima, nokuqhekeka. Iingxaki ezincinane zokumodareyitha kule mimandla - ezabelwana ngabantu abaninzi abane-autism-zingenza imingeni enzima eklasini, kwindawo yokudlala, kwindawo yokudlala, kunye nebala lokudlala (phakathi kwezinye iindawo ezinxulumene nesikolo). Ukucwangciswa kweeMoto (kunzima kangakanani ukukhaba? Ndingayigxuma ngokukhuselekileyo kule ntshukumo?) Yenye into ebalulekileyo, inxulumene nomngeni.
- Ubunxibelelwano beNtlalo Ubunzima: Abantwana abasemagunyeni, intsha kunye nabantu abadala bayabelana nobunzima kunye noqhagamshelwano loluntu. Ngamanye amaxesha ubunzima bubonakala bunzima kwaye bunzima - kodwa nangona umntwana ophethe iilwimi ezintle, ukucinga ngentlalo kungabangela umngeni omkhulu. Esikolweni, imingeni yentlalo yindawo yonke, lonke ixesha-kwaye ihlala ihamba. Into efanelekileyo eklasini ayikufanelekanga ngokupheleleyo kwiiholo, kwi-gym, okanye kwindawo yokudlala. Ingaba nzima kakhulu kubantwana be-autistic ukuba bathethe ukudlala ngokukrakra, okanye ukuqaphela ukukrakra okanye ukuhleka. Nangona umntwana ekwazi ukuqonda izakhono zoluntu ezifanelekileyo kwiBakala 1, imithetho iya kutshintsha ehlobo-kwaye iya kutshintsha kwakhona ekuwa.
- Ubunzima ngeenguqu kwiindlela zokuSebenza kunye neeShedyuli: Abantwana abane-autism baxhamla kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo . Kodwa nangona ebudeni bonyaka wesikolo, kunokuba nzima ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuhambelana kweziganeko kunye neeshedyuli kwisicwangciso sesikolo. Ukususela kwiiholide ezongezelelweyo ukuya kwiintsuku zokuqeqesha ootitshala kunye neentsuku zekhephu ukuya kwiindibano, iintsuku zokuvavanya eziqhelekileyo, iziganeko ezikhethekileyo kunye nabafaka indawo, iishedyuli zesikolo zijoliswe kuzo. Abantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa banomthwalo owongezelelweyo wokufuna ukushiya iiklasi - ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi-ukuya kwiiseshoni zonyango, amaqela olwazi loluntu, kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezijoliswe ekubancedeni ukujongana namava awayekhoyo!
- Iingxaki ezijikelezayo Imithetho kunye nokulindela: Ukuwa nganye, njengoko abafundi babuyela esikolweni, bafumana izinto ezifanayo - kodwa zisenokutshintsha. Uthisha X akanalo ingxaki kubafundi bemi baze batye; Utitshala uY akanakunyamezela ukuziphatha okunjalo. Utitshala X ufuna bonke abafundi ukuba babonise umsebenzi wabo, ngelixa u-Teacher Y ufuna nje ukuba ubone impendulo efanelekileyo. Eminye ingxaki kunokuba utshintsho kwizinto ezifunyenwe ngutitshala litshintsho kwizenzo zontanga, ukusebenzisana, ukulindela, iimilo, izitala zokugqoka, iinketho zenkcubeko, kunye nokukhetha kwamagama. Kunyaka ophelileyo, kwakulungile ukutsho ukuba uthanda "uSponge Bob" - kwaye uthi "kuhle!" ku lungile. Kulo nyaka, "u-Sponge Bob" akayikho i-uncool, kwaye ngokukhawuleza uthiwa "uyesabeka" endaweni "yokucoceka." Abantwana abane-autism banobunzima obukhulu ekuthatheni nasekusebenziseni utshintsho olungenakuphikiswa kwalo hlobo .
- Ukungabi nokunyamezela kwiMvume yokuVumelana nokuVikela: Ucinga ukuba, kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, ootitshala baya kuqonda kwaye benze ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba abantwana baziphatha kwaye bafunde ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa, kwiimeko ezininzi, ucinga ukungahambi kakuhle. Ngamanye amaxesha kubangelwa ukuba utitshala othile ufumanisa okanye uphazamise ukuba umfundi aqhubeke, aphephe okanye ahambe ngendlela engalindelekanga , athethe ininzi malunga nomdla okhethekileyo, okanye unenkathazo yokusebenzisana noontanga. Njengoko nje, utitshala ukhubazekile ngethemba lokuba iklasi yakhe iya kuqhuba ngezinga elithile kwaye iyakwazi ukuphendula kwimimiselo yokuhlola ehambelana nesakhiwo esinqunyiwe ngaphambili kwisantya esinqunyiwe.
Eyona nto, izikolo ezikolweni ze-21 aziklanyelwe ukuba zifikeleleke. Kunoko, zenzelwe iqela elithile labafundi - abo banako ukulawula yonke imingeni echazwe ngasentla. Kubafundi abanokungafani naluphina uhlobo, kukho "indawo ekhethekileyo" yokuhlala-kaninzi iquka "amaqela okufundela ahlukeneyo kodwa alinganayo", imisebenzi, kunye neekharityhulam.
Kubafundi abane-autism, isikolo sinokuba nzima nakunzima kunokuba kukho nawuphi na umqathango. Oku, ngokwalo, kubonisa ingxaki. "U-Johnny akanakukwazi ukuphatha ibakala lesithathu," abazali abaninzi, ootitshala kunye nabalawuli bacinga - "ngoko kwenzeka njani kwihlabathi ukuba asebenze isixhobo somculo, iqela lokubhukuda, i-chess club, i-Boy Scouts, okanye nayiphi na enye imisebenzi ngaphandle?"
Inyani le nto kukuba, kwiintlobo ezininzi ze-autistic, ziphela ngaphandle kwesikolo ukuba iimbono zabo, iimfuno kunye nobuchule bazo kubonakala.