Ingxelo ye-CDC iphakamisa i-Vulnerabilties ekudibaniseni i-Gay Men of Color
NgoFebruwari 23, ngo-2016, ii- Centers for Control and Prevention (CDC) zikhuphe ingxelo yohlobo lokuqala lokuhlola i-risktime ye-HIV e-US ngurhulumente, kunye nakubantu abasemngciphekweni osengozini. Akumangalisi ukuba abantu abahlala eMzantsi (ummandla owaziwayo ukuba unomlinganiselo ophezulu wokusuleleka kwe-HIV) babonwa kwingozi enkulu yokuphila.
Yintoni eyamangalisa into eyayiyinto yokuba elinye iqela elithile labesilisa abano-gay-laxelwa ukuba liyamangalisa ngamathuba amabini okufumana i-HIV ngexesha lokuphila, kungakhathaliseki ubudala okanye indawo.
Umbiko we-CDC, ohlalutye iinkcukacha ze-HIV ukususela ngo-2009 ukuya ku-2013, wongezelela ngakumbi ukungalingani kumazinga okusulela unyango ngokuhlola ingozi ngokuzibandakanya ngokwesini, uhlanga / ubuhlanga, kunye nesini, apho:
- Amadoda angama-gay kunye nabasetyhini baxelwa ukuba banomngcipheko wokuphila komnye we-11.
- Amadoda amaninzi abesilisa kunye nabesilisa abathandana nabo babonwa ukuba banomngcipheko wobomi obungama-20 (xa kuthelekiswa nomnye kwiphepha engama-132 kumadoda amhlophe angqingili).
- Nokuba abasebenzisi beziyobisi beziyobisi (ii-IDU) babonwa njengobungozi obuncipheko , kunye ne-IDU yamadoda enobungozi obungama-36 ngexesha lobomi xa ii-IDU zabesetyhini zinomngcipheko wobomi obungama-23.
Kutheni i-Gay Black Men Men Are High Risk
Ukuqonda ukuphazamiseka okungafaniyo kwimeko yokuphila kwintsholongwane kaGawulayo akusoloko kulula. Impendulo eqhelekileyo, impendulo yokuguqa ngamadolo kungase kukugqitywa, ngokukhawuleza, ukuba izenzo zesondo ezihambisana neenkcubeko neendlela zokuziphatha zodwa zizinto ezibeka abantu abamnyama abano-gay kuloo mngcipheko ophezulu.
Kodwa inyaniso elula kukuba amadoda amnyama angama-gay e-US ahlala e-epicenter ye-vulnerable intersecting, ehlangene kunye nokwenza usuleleke kubo bonke abantu.
Ukusuka kwindlela ebanzi yoluntu, kwaziwa ukuba nayiphi na ingqungquthela -kuba i-HIV okanye nayiphi na isifo esicetywayo-ityala ukubetha amaqela axhathwe kakuhle phambi kwesiganeko sesifo.
Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kuninzi iinkqubo ezikhoyo zokungenelela, ngokusemthethweni nangokwemthethweni, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo unomdla omncinci wokuthatha isenzo kubangaphandle kwesizwe esincinci.
Sasikubona okokuqala kwingqungquthela ye-AIDS kwiminyaka yee-1980 apho amadoda angama-gay, asuka ebudeni bexesha lokusetyenziswa kakubi kwamapolisa kunye nokunganakwa kwemithetho, athatyathwa ngumtshatshazo wesifo esingenayo indlela yokuyeka, akukho nto iinkonzo zezempilo ze-gay okanye amaqela okukhuthaza ukulwa nokungasebenzi kumgangatho welizwe okanye wesigqeba.
Ngoko, ngokufa okuvela kumakhulu ukuya kumawaka, uluntu lwama-gay luziphathela ngokwawo (ngokuqhelekileyo kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwindoda egciniweyo egciniweyo), ukunyusa iinkonzo zabo zonyango (njengeCrisis Men's Health Crisis in New York) kunye namaqela ezenzo zoluntu (njengo-ACT UP).
Okufanayo akunjalo nababantu abamnyama abathandana nabo. Nangona kubekho umzamo omkhulu owenziwe kumgangatho wesigqeba ukufikelela kweli nani lamadoda, kukho i-gap ephawulekayo kwinani leenkqubo ezisemgangathweni ezijoliswe ngokukhethekileyo kumadoda angama-gay of color.
Ngokungafani no- Elton John okanye umdlali onamandla okudlala umdlalo omkhulu u- Larry Kramer , kunamaqhawe ambalwa angama-black guy aya phambili ukuthetha okanye egameni lommandla okanye abaninzi abagubha abamnyama abathintekayo abaxela iqela (ngendlela, u-Elizabeth Taylor wenza ngayo uluntu olusakhulayo lwama-gay ekuqaleni kwama-80s).
Ngaloo ndlela, ngokubhekiselele kwimiqathango yokukhusela izifo, amadoda angama-gay amnyama ayodwa. Ukongezelela, izinga eliphezulu lokusuleleka liyakwazi ukuqinisa ukunyaniseka, apho amadoda amnyama angama-gay abonwa ngabanye ukuba "abangenakuziphendulela," "abahlambulukileyo" okanye "ukufumana oko bafanelwe."
Umjikelezo onobungozi oqhubekayo ubeka abantu abamnyama abathandana nabasetyhini ngelixa besondeza isantya esiphezulu sentsholongwane.
Umngcipheko weHIV onxulumene noKhuseleko lweMatriki
Xa sithetha ngokungenelela, sibhekisela kwimimiselo ethile yokukhusela i-HIV, unyango kunye nokunyamekela phakathi kwabantu abasengozini. Imingcipheko engakumbi kukho, umngcipheko omkhulu.
Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuchonga ezi zithintelo kwenza i-arhente zempilo yoluntu ukuba isebenzise iinkqubo ezithile kunye neendlela zokuzinqoba.
Uphando lwe-epidemiological kunye neklinikhi lubonisile ukuba, njengeqela, amadoda amnyama angama-gay asemngciphekweni omkhulu we-HIV ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo nezizingekho. Phakathi kwabo:
- Ulwabelana ngesondo luhlala phakathi kwezinto ezinobungozi obuphezulu obunentsholongwane kaGawulayo, ezithwala umngcipheko omkhulu wokudluliselwa kwe-18 xa kuthelekiswa ngokwesini. Amanani aphakamileyo asebenza ngokubambisana ngesifo esithathelana ngesondo kuphela akwandisa umngcipheko. I-CDC ibika ukuba i-syphilis, i-chlamydia, kunye ne-gonorrhea kumadoda amnyama kubangelwa ngamaxesha amathandathu, ama-10 kunye nama-16, ngokulandelanayo, kwamadoda amhlophe e-US
- Amanqanaba aphakamileyo entlupheko, ukungabikho kwemisebenzi, kunye nokuboshwa kwabantu abahlali abamnyama baxhomekeke kwizinga eliphezulu eliphezulu le-HIV. Okwangoku, izinga lokunciphisa ubuhlwempu phakathi kwabamnyama baseMerika li-27.5 ekhulwini kunye ne-9.9 ekhulwini kumhlophe. Amazwe aseMzantsi angadlulela ngokuphindaphindiweyo la manani, njengeLouanaana apho ama-40 ekhulwini labantu abamnyama abahlala beswele.
- Abantu abanambala bavame ukulala ngesondo ngokohlobo lwabo ngokweCDC, oku kuthetha ukuba amanxeba abo ezesondo azincinci kwaye apheleleyo. Ngaloo ndlela, amathuba okudluliselwa komzimba ayenyuka nje kuba kukho izinga eliphakamileyo le-HIV sele likhona kwinethiwekhi.
- Ama-gay amadoda anombala amaninzi alala ngesondo kunye namadoda amadala njengeziphumo zale nethiwekhi ezincinci zesini. Njengamadoda amadala amaninzi anokuba ne-HIV, amadoda amnyama angama-gay atholakale esuleleke kuncinci kunabo abathandana nabo besilisa.
- Amanani aphezulu okusetyenziswa kweziyobisi phakathi kwamadoda amnyama ngokubanzi , xa kuthelekiswa namadoda amhlophe, aguqulela kumngcipheko ophezulu (njengoko kubonwe ngabasetyhini abamnyama abasebenzisa isistim sokusebenzisa iziyobisi).
- Ukungaphumeleli kwezentlalo, amapolisa, iinkonzo zempilo kunye noluntu kwimimandla engaphantsi kwenzuzo zihlala zithemba ukungaqiniseki ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zorhulumente, kubandakanywa neenjongo zokuvavanya nokukhusela i-HIV. Ngenxa yoko, ingqikelelo engamaphesenti angama-75 abantu abamnyama baseMelika abaneminyaka eyi-18-64 abazange bavavanywe nge-HIV, ngelixa ama-34 kuphela ekhulwini labo baphathwa nge-HIV bahlala bekhathalele.
- Ukungathembeki kwabasemagunyeni bempilo karhulumente kunokubangela ukugxininisa isimo sengqondo esichaphazelekayo malunga nokukhusela i-HIV kunye nonyango, ukwandisa ukunyaniseka kunye neenkolelo zenkohlakalo . Ngokomsebenzi osuka kwi-Harvard Medical School ngo-2011, iinkolelo ezinjalo zenza ukuba kunciphise ixesha lokuphila kumadoda amnyama ngokuphazamisa ukuziphatha ngendlela efanele, kuquka nokusetyenziswa ngokuthe rhoqo kweikhondom kunye nokuxhamla kwiinkathalo ezithile ze-HIV.
- I-Stigma, ebini ebonakalayo kunye neyinyani, i-fuel rates phakathi kwama-American abamnyama besaba ukudalulwa kwemeko yabo. Uphando olwenziwa ngo-2008 ngabaphandi base-Kansas State University lisicebisa ukuba iinkolelo zonqulo ezinamandla zihambelane ngokuthe ngqo nokunyaniseka kwe-HIV. Ukuqulunqa oku kuhlambuluka kwamadoda amnyama angama-gay kwinqanaba lomntu ngamnye kunye noluntu, oluqhubela phambili abantu abasemngciphekweni wokufumana unonophelo.
Izibonelelo zeHIV kwi-Gay Black Men
I-CDC yenzele amanyathelo amanyathelo okulungisa ezi mpazamo, kubandakanywa ukuVavanywa kusenza sibe nephulo lokusasaza loluntu ekujoliswe kumadoda amnyama angama-18 ukuya ku-44.
Ukuqhutyelwa phambili kwintsebenzo kunye nokuqwashisa kwimiba ebomnyama yobundlobongela i-CDX exhaswa yi-Black Men's Xchange (BMX), eqhuba iziganeko ezili-16 e-US, kunye neZiko le-Black Equity, elisebenza kunye nemibutho yokuzikhukhumeza kwimizi yase-US yase-31.
Ukufumana iinkqubo kunye neenkonzo ngaphakathi koluntu okanye kwilizwe lakho, qhagamshelana nomnxeba we -AIDS weeyure ezingama-24 . Ngamahhala, uvavanyo oluyimfihlo lwe-HIV, qha ga mshelana no-800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636) ngokuthunyelwa okanye usebenzise indawo ye-AIDS locator testing ye-HIVVu ehlelwe yi-Rollins School of Health Public e-Emory University.
Imithombo:
Amaziko okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo (CDC). "Ingozi yokuphila kweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo e-United States." Atlanta, Georgia; papashwa ngoFebhuwari 23, 2016.
CDC. " Ukuxilongwa kweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo kwi-United States kunye neeNdawo eziHloniphekileyo, ngo-2013." Ingxelo yeNgqwalaselo kaGawulayo. Fe bruwari 2015; 25: 1-82.
UHenry J. Kaiser Family Foundation (i-KFF). "AbaMnyama baseMerika kunye neHIV / AIDS." Epapashwe ngo-Apreli 25, 2014.
Smit, P .; Brady, M .; Carter, M .; okqhubekayo. Inkcazo enxulumene neHIV ngaphakathi kwimiba yama-gay: Ukuhlaziywa kwincwadi. " NoGawulayo. Epreli 2012; 24 (3-4): 405-412.
Bogart, L; Galvan, F .; Wagner, G; okqhubekayo. Umbutho wexesha elide leNtsholongwane kaGawulayo ngeNtsholongwane kaGawulayo phakathi kwabaBantu abaMnyama abaphila ne-HIV. " Ukuziphatha koGawulayo. Agasti 2011; 15 (6): 1180-1186.