Amanye amayeza owathathayo ngenxa yezinye iimeko zonyango, ezifana nokunyanga kwegazi okanye ukunyanga kwama-hormone - kunokuchaphazela kakubi amanqanaba akho e-lipid. Oku kungabandakanya ukwandisa i-LDL yakho kunye namanqanaba e-triglyceride okanye unciphise i-cholesterol yakho ye-HDL. Oku kunokuba kukukhathazayo ukuba awuzange ube nexhala malunga ne-cholesterol ephezulu ngaphambili. Ukongezelela, ukuba njengamanje unyango lwe-cholesterol yakho, ungabona ukuba unyango lwakho ludinga ukulungiswa.
Nangona oku akulona uluhlu olubandakanya, iziyobisi ezibhalwe apha ngezantsi zizonyango eziqhelekileyo ezisenokuthi zichaphazele amazinga akho e-lipid. Kufuneka uhlale utyhila kumboneleli wakho wezempilo unyango othabathayo, ngoko unokulawula ukuba ingaba nayiphi na imichiza okanye iimveliso zendalo zingathintela impilo yakho.
Prednisone
I-Prednisone yi-glucocorticoid esetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, ukufudumala, kunye novelwano oluhambelana nemimiselo eminingi yokuvuvukala. Nangona ukhululo abanokukunika lona, banokuphakamisa i-triglycerides, amazinga e-LDL ye-cholesterol kunye namazinga e-HDL ye-cholesterol. Akuthathi ixesha elide ukubona ukunyuka okukhulu kwamazinga e-cholesterol: Ezinye iziphumo zibonisa ukuba izigulane zinamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol kwiiveki ezimbini zonyango.
Beta Blockers
Ababethi be-Beta mayeza ayenzelwe ukuba aphathe uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Nangona zinzuzo ezintle, zinikela ekuphatheni iintlobo ezininzi zesifo senhliziyo, i-beta blockers nazo ziye zaphawulwa ukuba zinciphise amanqanaba e-HDL kwaye ziphakanyise amanqanaba e-triglyceride.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, nangona kunjalo, utshintsho lwe- lipid lube luncinci kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba akubona bonke ababethi bebena abachaphazelekayo. Ezi zilandelayo ze-beta-blockers ziye zaphawulwa ukuba zitshintshise iipilisi zeprofayili:
- Atenolol (Tenormin®)
- I-Bisoprolol (i-Zebeta®)
- I-Metoprolol (i-Toprol®, i-Lopressor®)
- Nadolol (Corgard ®)
- Propanolol (Inderal ®)
I-Beta-blockers ayincedisi nje ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, nazo zinceda ekuphuculeni ukusinda kwabantu abaneentsholongwane zesifo senhliziyo (njengokwehluleka kwentliziyo yesifo kunye nokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kwangaphambili). Ngoko ke, nangona ukuguqulwa okuncinci kweepidids zakho kubonakala, kubalulekile ukuba i-beta blockers ayiyeki.
Amiodarone
I-Amiodarone yisilwanyana esisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemeyimu zentliziyo kwaye zidibaniswa neentlobo ezininzi zeempembelelo. Enye yemiphumo emibini yecala ifana ne- cholesterol ephezulu . I-Amiodarone ngokuyinhloko iphakamisa i- LDL i-cholesterol level kodwa ayibonakali inefuthe kwi-HDL ye-cholesterol okanye i-triglyceride level.
Estrogen
I-Estrogen yi-hormone yesini esetyhini efumaneka kwi-female hormonal control control and in other forms of treatment. Kwiminyaka emininzi, i-estrogen yayiye yacatshangwa ngokuthi "i-cardioprotective," ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaza intliziyo enempilo . Oku kubangelwa kukukwazi ukuphakamisa amanqanaba e-HDL. Oku kwabangele abaninzi abafazi be-menopausal bathatha i-hormone yokwelapha indawo yokuncedisa intliziyo yabo. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olutshanje lufumene ukuba alukhuseli kwisifo senhliziyo emva kokumisa umva. Inkqubo eyenza ihlaselwe yintliziyo ingaziwa.
Ukongezelela, i-estrogens inokunyusa amanqanaba e-triglyceride.
Progestin
Iprogestin yindlela yeprogesterone, enye i-hormone yesini esetyhini, esetyenziselwa ukukhulelwa komlomo kunye ne-hormone yonyango yonyango yodwa okanye inxulumene ne-estrogen. Amanqanaba aphakamileyo aseprogestin aye adibana namazinga angaphantsi kwe-HDL. Ngokudibanisa ne-estrogen, i-progestin inokuphelisa umphumo onempilo yesrogen ekukhuliseni amazinga e-HDL.
Anabolic Steroids
I-Anabolic steroids ibandakanya i-testosterone, i-hormone yesini esetyenziselwa ukuphatha unyango olulibazisekile kumakhwenkwe kunye nezinye iintlobo zokungazinzi. Kwakhona kusetyenziswa ngokungekho mthethweni ukwakha ubunzima besisipha.
Ezi zi yobisi ziphakamisa amanqanaba e-LDL kunye namazinga aphantsi kwe-HDL. Iimiphumo eziyingozi le chiza libhekiselele kumanqanaba e-cholesterol ziyabonakala nakakhulu kumachiza omlomo xa kuthelekiswa nemishanguzo yeyeza.
Cyclosporine
I-Cyclosporine (i-Sandimmune ®, i-Neoral®, i-Gengraf®) isilwanyana esisetyenziselwa ukukhusela isistim somzimba. Ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa emva kokufakelwa komzimba ukuze kuphephe ukukhishwa. Nangona kunjalo, ingasetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-rheumatoid arthritis kunye ne-psoriasis. Izifundo zibonise ukuba i-cyclosporine iphakamisa i-LDL i-cholesterol level.
Protease Inhibitors
I-protease inhibitors isetyenziselwa ukuphatha igciwane lesandulela-ngculazi (i-HIV). Nangona indlela yokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ziphakamisa amazinga e-cholesterol awaziwa, zibonakala ziphakamisa amanqanaba e-triglyceride kunye namazinga e-HDL e-cholesterol aphantsi. Ngamanye amaxesha amaFibrishe kunye nama-statins asetyenziswa ekunciphiseni i-triglycerides kunye nokwandisa amazinga e-HDL kubantu abathatha la mayeza.
Diuretics
I-Diuretics isetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu nokugcinwa kwamanzi. Kukho ezimbini iindidi ze-diuretics ezibangele ukwanda kwamazinga e-cholesterol:
- Thiazide diuretics (kuquka i-hydrochlorothiazide, i-chlorothiazide, i-metolazone)
- I-Loop diuretics (kuquka i-furosemide, torsemide, i-bumetanide)
I-thiazide diuretics ibangela ukwanda kwexeshana kwinqanaba le-cholesterol elipheleleyo, amanqanaba e-triglyceride kunye namazinga e-LDL ye-cholesterol. Iinqwelo ze-cholesterol zeHDL azichaphazelekayo. Olu konyuka lunokuluhlula phakathi kwama-5 ukuya kwi-10-milligrams nge-deciliter. Okwangoku, i-indapamide yiyona kuphela i-thiazide diuretic engakhange iboniswe ukuba ichaphazele amazinga omlomo. I-Loop diuretics yabelana ngesimo esifanayo ne-thiazide diuretics; Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zezi zi yobisi zibonise ukuhla okuncane kwi-cholesterol ye-HDL. Ekubeni i-diuretics ibaluleke kakhulu kunyango lokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokukubeka kwisondlo esincinci xa ulapha kule mayeza.
Ukuba unamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol kwaye uthatha imithi ekwazi ukuphakamisa amanqanaba akho eepidid ngaphezulu, umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokufuna ukubeka iliso igazi lakho ngezikhathi ezithile ukuqinisekisa ukuba amazinga akho eepidid aphezulu kakhulu. Kwezinye iimeko, impembelelo embi kwiipids ingaba yesikhashana. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba baqhubeka bephakamileyo emva kokuqala konyango, umniki-nkonzo wakho unokwenza isigqibo sokongeza okanye ukuguqula ukwelashwa kwe-cholesterol yakho.
Imithombo:
UDipiro JT, uTalbert RL. I-Pharmacotherapy: Indlela yePathophysiological, 9th 2014.
Inkcazo yesithathu yeNkqubo yeMfundo yeSizwe ye-Cholesterol (NCEP) Iqela leNzululwazi ekuThekeni, kuVavanyo kunye nokuPhathwa kwe-Blood High Cholesterol kwi-Adult (PDF), ngoJulayi 2004, amaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo: iNational Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.
Micromedex 2.0. I-Truven Health Analytics, Inc. iGreenwood Village, CO. Http://www.micromedexsolutions.com.