I-Nobel Laureate Eqinisekisiwe Ngokuchonga i-Virus Immunodefiency Virus
UFrançoise Barré-Sinoussi (1947-) ngu-virologist waseFransi owanikezwa ngo-2008 iNew Prize kwi-Physiology okanye kwiMithi kunye nomphandi omnye, uLuc Montagnier, ngenxa yokufunyanwa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza (HIV).
I-Barré-Sinoussi namhlanje ithathwa njengelinye legalelo elikhokelayo kwiSayensi ye-HIV emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwe-35 yophando, ngokubhaliweyo kunye neeprogram ezingama-240 kunye neerhafu ezibhalisiweyo zenzululwazi.
Phakathi kwezinto ezininzi ezahlukileyo, wabizwa ngokuba nguGosa kwi-Order ye-Legion of Honor ngo-2006, wambona intlonelo ephezulu yeFransi.
Ngonyaka ka-2012, u-Barré-Sinoussi wabizwa ngokuba ngumongameli we-International AIDS Society (IAS), isikhundla esabambelela kwaye kwaze kwaba ngoJulayi 2016.
Ukufunyanwa kwe-HIV
Ngowe-1981, iingxelo zokugqitywa kwezifo phakathi kwamadoda angama-gay kwiimeko zase-US ezingabonakaliyo ngaphandle kwabantu abane-immune-defensibility-zakhokelela ekumemezelweni kwesifo esitsha esakhishwa njenge-GRID (okanye ukukhubazeka okuphathelene nomzimba) kodwa kamva wabizwa ngokuba ngu-AIDS (okanye ufumane ukukhubazeka kwe-immune syndrome).
I-Barré-Sinoussi kunye neMontagnier, abaphandi abane-Institut Pasteur eParis, babephakathi kwamanani amaninzi aphanda aphesheya afuna i-agent causative. Ngowe-1982, abo babini bakwazi ukuvelisa iiseli ezithathwe kwii-lymph nodes zezigulane ezibethekileyo, kwaye emva nje kokufumanisa i-enzyme reverse transcriptase-isibonakaliso sokuqala sokuthi bajongana ne-" retrovirus ".
Ngo-1983, iBarré-Sinoussi kunye neMontagnier baye bakwazi ukuhlukanisa intsholongwane, abaye bafumanisa ukuhlanganiswa okufunekayo kunye neeseli ze-T-lymphocyte (ezibizwa ngokuba yi- CD4 cells ) ukuze ziphendule. Bakhawuleza bapapasha iziphumo zabo kwiincwadi zezenzululwazi zenzululwazi , bebonisa ukuba intsholongwane (eyayibizwa ngokuba yi-LAV, okanye i- lymphadenopathy- isifo esinobudlelwane) yayiyi-agent e causative AIDS.
I-LAV / HLTV-III Ingxabano
Ngomhla ka-Meyi 1984, iqela laseMerika elikhokelwa ngumphandi wezinto eziphilayo uRobert Gallo lanyathelisa uluhlu lwamaphepha evakalisa ukufunyanwa kwawo kwintsholongwane kaGawulayo, eyayifake "HTLV-III". Ngoxa uBarré-Sinoussi kunye noMontagnier bebegulane ne-virus efanayo kwinyanga ezili-18 ngaphambili, uphando lukaGallo lunikeza ubungqina benzululwazi yombutho wayo kwi-syndrome.
Uphando olude lweZizwe zeZiko lezeMpilo (i-NIH) -yodwa eyabangela ukuhlukana kwamacandelo ngexesha-ekugqibeleni isigqibo sokuba intsholongwane eyayisetyenziselwa i-lab ye-Gallo yayivela kwi-Institut Pasteur, ngokucacileyo ngokusebenzisa inkcubeko eyayingcolisiwe.
Kwakukho ngeli xesha lempikiswano ukuba amagama a-LAV kunye ne-HTLV-III ahlahliwe, kwaye intsholongwane yabizwa ngokusemthethweni nge-HIV.
Ngo-2008, ikomidi leNobel lagqiba ekubeni lihloniphe uBarré-Sinoussi kunye noMontagnier ngenxa yokufumanisa kwabo, edlulela iGallo kwaye esikhundleni sokuhlonipha uHarald zur Hausen ngenxa yokufumanisa kwakhe iintsholongwane ze-papilloma ezenza umdlavuza wesibeleko.
Kwi-intanethi ka-2013 kunye nephephandaba lase-UK elizimeleyo , u-Barré-Sinoussi watsho ngobudlelwane bakhe noGallo: "Ndiba nolwalamano oluhle kunye noBob.
Iingcaphuno zikaFrançoise Barré-Sinoussi
"Kuhlala kusekho ithemba ebomini kuba kukho rhoqo ithemba kwizesayensi." (Udliwano-ndlebe ngoMatshi 7, 2009)
"Isibhengezo sakho sisinxulunyaniso." (Vula incwadi eya kuPapa uBenedict ngokubhikisha kwingxelo yakhe yokuba ikhondom, ekungcono, ayinakuphumelela kwiNgcalazi ye-AIDS; ngo-Matshi 24, 2009)
"Yintoni esiyilwelayo yilungelo elingenakuthetha ukulungiselela impilo yonke!" (Ukuvala intetho yeseshoni kwiNgqungquthela ye-AIDS yamazwe ngama-19 eWashington, DC ngoJulayi 27, 2012)
"Unyango (we-HIV) kum phantse umsebenzi ongenakwenzeka ngenxa yokuba umthombo wamaseli awukho kuphela egazini. Indlela yokucima zonke iiseli ezinamabhaso kutheni ndiyithetha ukuba yinto engenakwenzeka. umthambo, engqondweni, kuzo zonke izicubu ze-lymphoid. " (Intetho ye-CNN, Julayi 24, 2015)
Imithombo:
UConnor, S. "Ukunyanga kwe-AIDS ngoku kunokwenzeka." Ezizimeleyo. Meyi 19, 2013.
Krishnan, V. "Kuhlala kukho ithemba kwizesayensi, uthi uNobel ophumeleleyo ofumene i-HIV." Bonisa iNdiya. Matshi 7, 2009.
Barré-Sinoussi, F. "Ingxoxo yeNgcaciso yoViwo lwe-2012". Julayi 27, 2012.
Barré-Sinoussi, F. "I-Lettre ouverte e-Benoît XVI." Le Monde. Matshi 24, 2009.
CNN. "I-HIV:" Ukuphucula ukwelashwa akunakwenzeka. "" Yashicilelwe ngoJulayi 24, 2015.