Ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukusuleleka kwi-salmonella kunokusindisa wena kunye nosapho lwakho ukuba ube ngumnye wabantu abayizigidi ezi-1.2 e-United States abanesivumelwano sokugula kulo nyaka. Ukuthintela ukusuleleka kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo basengozini yokugula okukhulu, kubandakanywa abantwana abancinci, abakhulileyo kunye nalabo abanamasosha omzimba obuthathaka .
Ngelixa abaninzi abantu bafumana isifo sohudo oluqhuba ikhosi yabo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, abantu abangaba ngu-450 bayafa minyaka yonke ukusuka kwi-salmonellosis ephawulekayo.
Ibhaktheriya enoxanduva lwe-salmonella isasazeka ngokutya okungcolileyo kunye nokusingatha izilwanyana ezithwalayo. Akukho sitofu se-salmonella kwaye unokubamba isigulo ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngoko kubalulekile ukuphepha ukunxibelelana neebhaktheriya.
Ukuthunyelwa
I-Salmonellosis isifo esiquka isifo sohudo, isifo somkhuhlane kunye nesisu somzimba. Iibhaktheriya zisasazeka kwizilwanyana. Abanye abantu baphilile kodwa bayithwala ibhaktheriya. Sebenzisa ezi ngcebiso ukuze unganiki i-salmonella kwabanye okanye uzuze kubo :
- Hlalani nihlamba izandla zenu ngokugqibeleleyo emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, ukutshintsha i-diapers, nangaphambi kokulungiselela ukutya.
- Umntu onesalmolosis akufanele alungiselele ukutya okanye athulule amanzi kwabanye baze bangenayo impawu yeeyure ezingama-48.
- Umntu onayo i-salmonellosis akafanele abuyele emsebenzini , ukunakekelwa kwabantwana, okanye isikolo ade abe nazo iimpawu ezingama-48 iiyure.
- Musa ukubhukuda ukuba unesifo sohudo kwiiyure ezingama-24 ezedlulileyo.
Ukulungiselela Ukutya nokuPhatha
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuphatha ukutya okujoliswe ekukhuseleni ukusuleleka kwe-salmonella ekudleni. Ezi zinto zibalulekile xa zidla, zipheka ekhaya, zilungiselela ukutya kwiivenkile.
Ucocekile
- Geza izandla phambi kokuba emva kokusingatha izinto zokutya.
- Geza indawo yokusebenza ekhitshini kunye nempahla kunye nesepha kunye namanzi emva kokulungiselela into nganye yokutya.
- Kungcono ukusebenzisa iitelesi zamaphepha ezilahlayo ukucocela iikhikhiti ngaphezu kweepongi okanye iitelesi zembatho. Ukuba usebenzisa iitelesi zendwangu, kufuneka zihlanjwe ngamanzi ashushu kwindawo yomatshini wokuhlamba emva kokusetyenziswa.
- Uhlambe ngokupheleleyo phambi kokutya.
- I-Peel uze ulahle amaqabunga angaphandle okanye iintambo zezityalo nemifuno.
- Ukuhlamba imifuno enomdla, ezinjengamazambane kunye neenqathe, ukuba ufuna ukuyidla isikhumba.
Hlu kileyo
- Xa uthengwa, gcina inyama eluhlaza, iinkukhu kunye neentlanzi zaselwandle ezihluke kwezinye izinto. Zigcine ngokwahlukileyo kwifriji.
- Emva kokudibanisa kunye nenyama eluhlaza okanye iinkukhu, geza izandla, iindawo zesekhishini, izitya, izitya, izitya, njl njl njlnzi kunye namanzi ngokukhawuleza. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungasebenzisi izitsha ezingahlambulukanga kunye nezinye izinto zokutya eziya kuhanjiswa zingasuki okanye ziphekwe xa ziphekwe.
- Kungcono ukuba neebhodi zokusika ezihlukeneyo ezikhethiweyo zenyama kunye nokuveliswa njengento yokucocwa akunakususa zonke iibhaktheriya.
- Ungasebenzi kunye nenkukhu okanye inyama kwaye uphathe umntwana (umzekelo, ukutya, utshintshe i-diaper) ngexesha elinye.
Cook
- Ukukhupha iinkuku, inyama yenkomo, kunye namaqanda ngokufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokutya. Ungadli okanye uphuze ukutya okuqukethe amaqanda aluhlaza okanye ubisi obungenakucatshulwa. Amaqanda amaqanda angabonakali kwiindawo zokutya ezinjengokwenziwa kwe-hollandaise sauce, izambatho ze-saladi ezenziwe ngokwabo, i-tiramisu, i-ice cream eyenziwe, i-mayonnaise eyenziwe ngokwabo, i-cookie powgh, i-eggnog kunye neqhwa.
- Ukuba ukhonzwa inyama engadliwayo, inkukhu okanye amaqanda kwindawo yokutyela, unganqikazi ukuyibuyisela ekhitshini ukuze uphinde upheke. Izinkukhu kunye nenyama, kubandakanywa ne-hamburgers, kufuneka ziphekwe kakuhle, kungekhona i-pink phakathi.
Chill
- Gcina iifriji zicocekile zibandayo (40 F okanye ngaphantsi kwezifriji).
- Isembozo kunye nefriji ukuvelisa.
- Funda kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yeelayibhile efana ne "Gcina iFriji" okanye "Sebenzisa" (umhla othile).
- Gcina i-salads yezityalo ezilungiselelwe okanye ezinye izinto zokusika eziqingqiweyo kwiqrijini kuze kube sekuqaleni kokukhonza. Lahla izinto zokucoca ezithengiweyo ukuba ziye zaphuma efrijini ngaphezu kweeyure ezine.
Jikelele
- Ubisi lukaMama yiyona nto ekhuselekileyo yintsana eziselula. Ukuncelisa isisu kuvimbela i-salmonellosis nezinye ezininzi iingxaki zempilo. Geza izandla phambi kokuba uncelise umntwana wakho.
- Musa ukusela amanzi angatshatyalaliswayo anokungcoliswa yinkcitho yezilwanyana.
UQhagamshelwano lwezilwanyana kunye noLuntu
Ngelixa izilwanyana zingadlulisela i-salmonella kunoma ubani, kukho amaqela asemngciphekweni ophezulu kwaye kufuneka aphephe ukudibanisa nezilwanyana ezithwala ibhaktheriya. La maqela aquka abantwana, abantwana abaneminyaka engama-5 kunye nabancinci, abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65, kunye nabantu abaye banciphisa umzimba wokulwa nomzimba (i-HIV / AIDS, i-chemotherapy, abaxhamli be-organ transplant).
Izilwanyana ezinobungozi kakhulu ziyizilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo (ii-turtles, iguanas, ezinye iilzards, iinyoka), ama-amphibians (amaxoxo, ama-salamanders), kunye neenkukhu eziphilayo (iinkuku, amadada, i-geese, i-turkeys).
Ezinye izilwanyana ezinokudlulisa i-salmonella ziquka iintaka zezilwanyana zasendle, iigorants (i-hamsters, iibinki zeginea, iigwane, iigundane), i-hedgehogs, izilwanyana zasefama, izinja, iikati kunye namahashe. Iibhaktheriya zifumaneka ngokukodwa kwimfesi yazo, kodwa uboya, iintsiba, iibhedi, amathoyizi, ukutya, ama-feeders, amabhokisi, okanye iindawo ezifihliweyo ziya kubakho iipilisi. Ezi zilwanyana zinokuphila ngokupheleleyo kwaye zihlala zithwala ibhaktheriya.
Sebenzisa ezi ngcebiso ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wakho kwaye ukhusele abantu kumaqela angengozi aphezulu:
- Geza izandla zakho ngesepha kunye namanzi emva kokuqhagamshelana nezilwanyana, izibilini zazo, okanye iimfesi. Ngoxa le nto isebenza nakwisiphi na isilwanyana okanye isilwanyana, kukuxhalabisa ngokugqithiseleyo ngeentlanzi, i-amphibians, okanye iintaka.
- Abantu abakwiindawo ezinobungozi bamele baphephe ukudibanisa ngqo okanye kungabonanga ngqo kunye nezilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo, ama-amphibians, kunye neenkukhu eziphilayo. Ezi zilwanyana akufanele zigcinwe njengezilwanyana ezifuywayo kumakhaya anamalungu kumaqela aphezulu, okanye kwiindawo zokunakekelwa kwamasango, amaziko okunakekela abadala okanye amaziko ezonyango.
- Musa ukuvumela izilwanyana ezinobungozi kwiindawo apho udla okanye usela. Ungadli, uphuze okanye utshise ngelixa ujikeleze ezo zilwanyana.
- Ukufakela izilwanyana okanye ukutyelelwa kweefama zigcinwe kakuhle kubantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emi-5, kunye nokuhlola.
- Abantu abadala abakwiindawo ezinobungozi abasemgangathweni akufanele bahlambulule nayiphi na impahla yezilwanyana okanye inkunkuma yezilwanyana ngaphandle kokugqoka iiglavu ezilahlayo. Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-5 nangaphantsi akufanele banikwe imisebenzi enjalo.
- Xa uhlamba iimfuyo okanye izinto, zama ukwenza ngaphandle. Musa ukulahla amanzi kwisitya esetyenziselwa ukulungiselela ukutya. Sebenzisa i-bleach ukuze uhlaziye i-disinfect nayiphi na indawo yokucwina, i-tub, okanye indlu yangasese emva koko.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho uneminyaka engama-5 okanye encinane, jongana nomntwana malunga nezilwanyana. Musa ukudibanisa nobuso bomntwana wakho okanye ukumanga. Ncedisa umntwana wakho ngokuhlamba izandla emva kokuphatha isilwanyana.
Ukulima kwamasango kunye namaqanda asekhaya
Njengoko ukugcina iinkukhu kwaye ujabulele amaqanda asekhaya, kuyabalulekile ukuqonda ingozi ye-salmonella kule mi sebenzi. Umele uthenge kuphela iinkuku okanye iinkukhu ezivela kwii-hatcheries eziqinisekisiweyo nge-USDA Iphulo lokuPhucula iNkukhu (USDA NPIP). Kungcono ukuba ungabikho iinkukhu ezivela kubalimi okanye abanye abalimi abasemva.
Sebenzisa ezi ngcebiso ukuphepha ukufumana i-salmonella:
- Coca i-coop yakho rhoqo, ugqoke iiglavu kunye nabakhuseli besikhuphe okanye izihlangu ozisebenzisa kuphela kwi-co.
- Sitshintsha ukutya kunye namanzi nsuku zonke.
- Geza izandla emva kokusingatha inkukhu okanye ukuqoqa amaqanda kwaye wenze njalo ngaphandle okanye usebenzisa isanti engasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela ukutya.
- Ukucocela izitya zokutya kunye nezinye izinto ngaphandle okanye kwisitya esingasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela ukutya, ukuyihlambalaza nge-bleach.
- Ungadli, uphuze okanye umsibe ngeentaka zakho.
- Gcina iintaka zakho ngaphandle kwendlu kunye neendawo, kuquka neepatios zangaphandle, apho ulungiselela khona okanye udla ukutya.
- Musa ukuvumela abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-5 bajikeleze iintaka zenu baze baphathe abanye abantwana kunye nabantu abadala ukuze bakwazi ukuphatha iintaka ngokukhuselekileyo.
- Ukuba nayiphi na intaka igule, yichithe kuzo zonke iintaka uze uxhumane nodokotela wakho wezilwanyana.
- Qinisekisa ukuba iintaka zakho zifumana zonke izitofu ezicetywayo.
- Ukuba usebenzisa umgquba wenkukhu njengomyezo wegadi, kufuneka uphiliswe ubuncinane iintsuku ezingama-45 ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa.
Sebenzisa ezi ngcebiso malunga nokukhuselwa kwamaqanda asekhaya:
- Ukuqoqa amaqanda kusasa nakusasa.
- Ukuhlamba amaqanda emva kokuqokelela akunconywanga njengeZiko loLawulo lweZifo (iCCDC) ukuba ukuhlamba emanzini abandayo kunokutsala amabhaktheriya kumaqanda. Zihlambulule ngaphandle ngaphandle ngebhashi okanye idayeni.
- Lahla amaqanda aqhekekileyo okanye angcolileyo.
- Amaqanda amafriji kwiiyure ezimbini okanye ngaphantsi.
- Ukuba uthengisa amaqanda akho, landela yonke imimiselo yendawo kunye neemfuno zelayisenisi.
- Xa udla amaqanda asekhaya, upheke kakuhle kwaye ungadli amaqanda aluhlaza.
Ukuchonga iziqhamo
Amasebe empilo karhulumente kunye neCDC zifuna izibonelelo zonyango ukuba zibike iingxelo ze-salmonellosis ukwenzela ukuba zikwazi ukuchonga nokutshatyalaliswa kweziqhamo. Iibhoratri zezonyango zithumela i- Salmonella kwiibhubhoratri zezempilo zoluntu ukuze uhlobo oluthile lunqunywe luze lufaniswe namanye amaSalmonella kuluntu. Ukuba amaninzi amatyala ayenzeka ngexesha elifanayo, ithetha ukuba indawo yokutyela, ukutya, okanye ukunikezelwa kwamanzi kunenkinga efuna ukulungiswa liSebe lezempilo loluntu. Nangona abantu abaninzi bengayifumani unyango lwe-salmonellosis eqhuba ikhosi efana neyo, abo benzayo baya kunceda ekubekeni iliso ukuqhuma.
Ulwazi malunga nokuqhuma lunokubonakala kwiwebhusayithi ye-CDC. Imizekelo yokuphazamiseka kwangoku kubandakanyeka ngenxa yeeyayi zeganda, ikhukhunta, isaladi yenkukhu, ihlumela eziqhambileyo, i-kratom, i-pig guinea, kunye ne-turtles. Unokubamba phantsi ukuze ubone iindawo ezithile zokuqhambuka.
Ukuba uva naziphi iingxelo zeendaba zokukhumbula ukutya ngenxa yokukhathazeka nge-salmonella okanye izifo zokutya, khangela ukuba uye wathenga iimveliso ezikhunjulwayo. Musa ukuzidla.
> Imithombo:
> Ukugcina i-backard Inkukhu. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/features/salmonellapoultry/index.html.
> Salmonella. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/
> I-Salmonella Infection. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/salmonella.html.
> Imibuzo neempendulo zeSalmonella. USDA ukhuseleko lokutya kunye neNkonzo yokuHlola. https: //www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food--fusion-education/get-answers/foodfood-safety-fact-sheets/foodfood-inness-and-disease/salmonella-tionstions- nezimpendulo.
> Whiley H, Ross K. Salmonella kunye namaqanda: Ukususela kwimveliso ukuya kwibala. Tchounwou PB, ed. I-International Journal yoPhando lweNdalo kunye neMpilo kaRhulumente . 2015; 12 (3): 2543-2556. i-doi: 10.3390 / ijerph120302543.