Nangona kungabalulekanga eUnited States, ama-rabies ahlala eyikrele elibangela ukuba isantya seempawu ze-neurological zikwazi ukuphuhlisa kunye nenkqubela. Usulelo lwangaphambili lungabhalwa kuphela ngumkhuhlane kunye nentloko. Iimpawu ezisakhula emva kokuba ixesha lokutshala (iintsuku ezingama-20 ukuya kwii-90) ziza kuba nzima kwaye zibandakanya ukudideka, ukuxhamla ngokugqithiseleyo, ukuthinteka, ukukhubazeka, i-delirium, kunye ne-coma.
Emva kokuba iimpawu zivele, ukufa kukudabukisayo, ngokungathintekiyo.
Olu hlobo lwesifo sesandulela ngculazi, eyaziwa yi- lyssavirus, ludlulela kwi-network of cells ye-nerve, eyenza iimpawu eziqhubekayo njengoko zingena kwinkohlakalo kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous central. Kungenxa yoko, ngokungafani nezifo ezithintekayo, awukwazi ukulinda iimpawu zesifo ukuba zivele. Kufuneka ufune unyango ngexesha oza ngalo lilunywe okanye lihlatywe yizilwanyana ezinokuthi zisoloko zikhankanywe ukuba zine-rabies.
Iimpawu zeerabhi ziyakwazi ukubonakaliswa ngamanyathelo osulelo, echazwe ngokubanzi njengexesha lokuxubusha, ixesha elidlulileyo, kunye nexesha elibi le-neurologic.
Ixesha lokuhlaziya
Ixesha lokuxubusha lixesha eliphakathi kokutshatyalaliswa kwintsholongwane kunye nokubonakala kokuqala kweempawu. Ixesha liyakwazi ukuhamba phakathi kwimihla engama-20 ukuya kwe-90 ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa ingaba mfutshane okanye isele ixesha elide ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba le-exposure. Ngokomzekelo, iimpawu kumntu onomlingo omhle zingathatha inyanga ukuphuhlisa.
Abo baneenxeba ezinzulu okanye amaninzi entanyeni okanye entloko banokubona ukunyuka kwempawu kwiiveki.
Iimpawu zeerbibe ngexesha lokunyusa i-incubation zingabandakanya:
- Fever
- Intloko
- Ukucatshulwa okanye ukuvutha kweso siza sokukhutshwa (okubizwa ngokuba yi- paresthesia )
Ixesha leProdromal
Ixesha lokubaluleka lichazwa ngokubonakala kokuqala kweempawu.
Yile nto xa intsholongwane yokuqala ingena kwinkqubo yesistim ephakathi kwaye iqala ukwenza umonakalo.
Isigaba esiphumelelayo sibaleka ukususela kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezi-10 ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye kunokubangela ukuba iimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Ukukhathala
- Uvakalelo oluqhelekileyo lokungazinzi (malaise)
- Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla (i-anorexia)
- Isifo esibuhlungu, isithukuthezi somsindo ( pharyngitis )
- I sizathu
- Ukuvutha
- Uhudo
- Ukutshitshiswa
- Ukungabikho
- Ukukhathazeka nokuxinezeleka
Ixesha elifanelekileyo le-Neurologic Period
Ixesha elibi le-neurologic lihlala naphi na kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwi sixhenxe kwaye kuya kuphelelwa liphela ekufeni. Iindidi kunye neempawu zeempawu ziyahluka, kuxhomekeka ngokukodwa malunga nokuba kunzima kangakanani okanye kubumnene ukubonakala kokuqala.
I-rabies enomsindo ngumhlobo uninzi lwabantu abanamava. Njengoko igama layo libonisa, le fom ye-rabies ibonakaliswe yimpawu ezinobundlobongela kunye neempawu ze-neurologic. Iimpawu ziza kwaye zihambe, kwaye ziya kufakwa ngokutsha kunye nexesha lokuzola kunye nobuncwane. Ukufa kuya kufuthi kubangelwe ukuvotshwa kwe-cardio-breathing.
Izidlovane ezikhubazekayo zichaphazela kuma-30 ekhulwini abantu kwaye ziza kubangela ukuba imisipha iyancipha, ngokuqala kwisayithi yokuchasana nokwandisa ngaphandle. Ukukhubazeka kunye nokufa kuza kugqitywa (ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuphefumula okuphefumulayo). Uninzi lwabantu abakhubazekayo lukholelwa ukuba lubangelwa yintlungu eyingozi, njengento yokukhupha, engabonakaliyo.
I-rapies ye-Atypical yinto edla ngokudibanisa neentlanzi. Ingabandakanya iimpawu ezivela kwintlobo yesifo esicuthayo kunye nesifo somoya. Utshintsho lweempawu kunye nobunzima bungenza kube nzima ukuqonda imeko njengedlwengulo.
Iimpawu zedlabhu ezenzekayo ngexesha lexesha elibi libandakanya:
- Ukungasebenzi
- Ukugqithisa ngokweqile
- I-Hydrophobia (uphawu oluphazamisayo olubonakaliswe ngunxuwa olungapheliyo, ukungakwazi ukugwinya, kunye nokuphazamiseka xa kunikezwa ngamanzi okusela)
- Ukuzikhethela (ukuqhubeka okuqhubekayo nokubuhlungu kwipenis)
- Ubuzwe obukhulu ukukhanya (photophobia)
- Paranoia
- Ukudideka nokungahambelani
- Uxinzelelo (kubandakanywa ukutshatyalaliswa nokuluma)
- Hallucinations
- Ukuxhamla
- Ukukhubazeka ngokwengxenye
- Delirium
Ezi zimpawu ziza kudala ekukhokelela ekubeni i-coma njengoko isifo sobomi besifo sobushushu sibangela ukukhupha kwengqondo. Ngaphandle kokunyamekela ngokunyamekela, ukufa kuya kufumaneka kwiiyure okanye iintsuku.
Nini ukubona iDokotela
Xa izilwanyana ziqala ukubonakala, ukusuleleka kusondele ukufa. Kule nto, kufuneka ufune unonophelo xa utyatywe yilwanyana yasendle-okanye mhlawumbi nekhaya.
Qala ngokuhlamba isilonda kakuhle ngesepha kunye namanzi afudumele. Nangona ugqirha kufuneka ubonakale njengento yokuphuthuma, loo mqathango ayicatshangelwa ukuba yinkxamiseko yonyango kule nqanaba. Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha, ngokufanelekileyo ngosuku olufanayo, nokubonelela ngolwazi oluninzi njengoko unako malunga nokuhlaselwa. Nangona uye wagqitywa ngaphambili ngedlwengulo , kufuneka ube nesilonda sakho sibheke ekubeni isitofu sinikezela malunga neminyaka eyi-10 yokukhusela.
Ukuba isilwanyana sithathiwe (okanye isikhankanywe samatyala esicatshulwayo), iimvavanyo zingenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuba ngaba i-rabies. Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, unyango aluyi kuba lilibazisekile elinde iziphumo. Oku kungenxa yokuba indlela eqinisekileyo kuphela yokuqinisekisa i-rabies kukuxubusha isilwanyana kwaye ufumane iisampula ezimbini zamathambo ebuchosheni. Ngokucacileyo, kunye nesilwanyana sasekhaya, oku kungenako ukhetho xa iimpawu zingenangqiqo, ezingekho ngqo, okanye ezingekho.
Naluphi na imeko, ukuba kukho ukukrokra okwenyaniso, unyango kufuneka luqaliswe ngaphandle kokulibala.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba uhlonywe yilwanyana elityhakisayo okanye udibene nomzimba womzimba wesifo okanye isilwanyana esifileyo, kufuneka usabone ugqirha ukuba ngaba uxolo lwakho lwengqondo. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho izilwanyana zezilwanyana ziye zachongwa.
Nangona iilhabhi zikwazi ukudluliselwa kuphela ngamathe okanye ubuchopho / amathambo omzimba, nayiphi na into ebonakalayo, nokuba yincinci, imele ithathwe ngokungathí sina. Ukuba kukho nantoni na, inokukunika ithuba lokufumana isitofu sokugonywa kwesifo se-rabies nokunciphisa ingozi yakho yengomso.
> Imithombo:
> Amasebe okuLawula nokuVimbela (iCCDC). "IiRabi zabantu." Atlanta, Georgia; hlaziywa ngoAgasti 23, 2017.
> CDC. "AmaRabi: Ndifanele ndifune nini unyango?" Ipapashwe ngo-Apreli 22, 2011.
> Yousaf, M .; Qasim, M .; Zia, S. et al. "IiRabies molecular virology, ukuxilongwa, ukuthintela, kunye nonyango." 2012; 9: 50. INGXELO 10.1186 / 1743-422X-9-50.