Ufunyenwe ukuba unomdlavuza wesibeletho , wenza ntoni ngoku? Wonke umntu uhlukile kwaye ukhetho lwonyango luxhomekeka kwiimeko ezininzi. Ukukunceda ukuba wenze isigqibo malunga nendlela yokunyanga, oogqirha abaninzi baya kujonga iminyaka yakho, impilo epheleleyo, iProstate Specific Antigen (PSA) , iGleason Grade , i- Cancer Stage (kubandakanywa nayiphi na iiphando ze-cancer), i-Cancer volume (ingakanani umhlaza ku-prostate yakho) kunye nembali yakho yezokwelapha yangaphambili (yintoni uphando kunye neengxaki zonyango oye wazenza ngaphambili).
Izigulane ezininzi zifuna impendulo "eyiyo". Baziva ukuba bajonga ngokukhawuleza kwaye bafunde ngokwaneleyo baya kufumana impendulo. Izinto esizifumanayo zininzi iingcamango ezidibeneyo kunye neziphumo kunye neziphumo zokufunda. Ndicebisa izigulane zam ukuba zifumane impendulo "efanelekileyo" kubo. Unyango lomntu oneminyaka engama-50 ubudala kunye nomhlaza we-Gleason 8 kufuneka uhluke kunomntu oneminyaka engama-78 ubudala onomthamo omncinci, umhlaza wesiGleason 6. Zonke izigulane zinengqiqo kwezinye izigulane kodwa akuzona zonke izigulane. I-pros and cons of treatment nganye kufuneka ihlolwe ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuqalisa ukhetho lwonyango.
Esinye sezigqibo zokuqala oza kuyenza kukuba ingaba umhlaza wakho kufuneka uphathwe okanye ukuba ungabonwa ngokukhuselekileyo.
Ukulindela
Kwezinye izigulane, ikhosi yokubamba naluphi na unyango oluchanekileyo kunye nokulandela i-PSA yinto ekhethekileyo. Sithi lo kulindela ukuLinda okanye ukuGadwa okuSebenzayo. Oku kuqhutyelwa ngezinga eliphantsi kunye nezantsi le-prostate cancer.
Kwakhona kuyindlela enhle kumntu oncinci okanye oneminyaka engaphezulu. Ukuqwalasela okusebenzayo kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA rhoqo kwaye kudla ukuquka i-biopsy yesibili (Uluhlu lwezincomo ukusuka kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya ku-1 ngonyaka emva kokuxilongwa). Ukuba nayiphi na ixesha umhlaza uqala ukuqhubela phambili unyango osebenzayo unokusetyenziswa. Kulinganiselwa ukuba malunga ne-25% yezigulane ezifanelekileyo ezibhaliswe kwii-protocols zokulinda ziza kufuna unyango oluchanekileyo emva komhla.
Unyango o lu sebenza
Unyango olunyango luyonyango ngenjongo yokwelapha, ukususa okanye ukubulala zonke iiseli zomhlaza. Kukho i-3 ekhethiweyo yokunyanga.
Ukuhlinzwa
Uphando lwe-prostate umdlavuza lususa i-prostate gland kunye nezicubu ezijikelezayo. Oku kungabandakanya i-vesicles vesicles kunye ne-lymph nodes. Utyando lubizwa ngokuba ngu-Radical Prostatectomy kwaye lunokuthi lusetyenziswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
I-Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy
Ngolu hlobo lotyando, ugqirha wakho oqhelekileyo uya kwenza ukuba sixubungula amancinci kwisisu sakho esiphantsi. Ngolu hlobo, izixhobo zibekwa ezilawulwa ngugqirha wakho ngokusebenzisa i-robot. I-brand eqhelekileyo ye-robot yindlela ye-da Vinci yokuHlola. Iintlobo ze-robotic prostatectomy kukuba ngokuqhelekileyo ukulahleka kwegazi, ukungabonakali kangcono kunye nobude obude bexesha lokufakwa kwe-catheter. Ukuphazamiseka kukuba akukho mpendulo echaphazelekayo kumgqirha (ugqirha awukwazi ukuziva izicubu zakho) kwaye kukho ikhefu lokufunda kule nkqubo. Uninzi lwama-urologists olutsha luqeqeshelwa kuphela ukwenza i-prostatectomy enamandla kule ndlela.
Prostatectomy yeRetropubic Radical
Isicatshulwa senziwe ukusuka ngaphantsi kwe-umbilicus ukuya phezulu kwethambo le-pubic.
Iintlawulo zibandakanya ukuhlinzwa okufutshane kwaye ngoko-ke i-anesthesia engaphantsi kunye novakalelo olupheleleyo lwegulane. Ukuhlehla kwegazi kudla ngokulahleka kwegazi kunye nobude be-catheter.
Ngokomlando isalathisi isuswe nge-incincerity incision (phakathi kwe-anus ne-scrotum) kodwa oku akuvumeli ukufikelela kwi-lymph node kwaye akwenzeki ukuba kwenziwe. Indlela yokuhlambulula i-laparoscopic (ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwebhobhothi) isetyenziswe ngabagqirha abambalwa.
Ingozi yazo zonke iintlobo zokuhlinzwa zibandakanya ukulahleka kwegazi, ukungabikho komzimba, ukungasebenzi kwe-erectile kunye nokulimala kwizakhiwo ezungeleleyo. Kukho ubungqina obuncinane bokubonisa ukuba naluphi na ubuchule obuncitshisiweyo bunciphisa ubuncipheko bokungabikho komsebenzi okanye ukungasebenzi kwe-erectile.
Kungakhathaliseki indlela oyisebenzisayo ofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba ugqirha wakho ufanelekile kwaye ukhululekile kwinkqubo ekhethiweyo.
I-radiation isebenzisa i-high-energy x-ray ukubulala amaseli omhlaza. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zonyango lwamayeza kunye neefom ezintsha zisebenzisa amanqaku afakwe kwi-prostate gland ngoko kukho iinjongo zokujolisa amandla. Iifom ezitsha zemilambo efana neProton Beam Therapy ayifanele iboniswe kangcono okanye iphephile kuneendlela ezikhoyo.
Izaphulo zihanjiswa ngezindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Ibhendi yangaphandle inomthombo wangaphandle ojongene nombane kwi-prostate. I-Brachytherapy yindlela apho iifama ezinomfutho zifakwe kwi-prostate. Ukuphumelela kuxhomekeke kukuchaneka kokuhambisa imitha kunye nokukhutshwa kwamaseli omhlaza. Izaphulo ziza kudibaniswa kunye namahomoni kwii-cancer ezinamandla.
Cryotherapy
I-Cryotherapy ye-prostate yinkqubo apho iiseli ze-prostate zitshintshile kwaye zitshatyalaliswa ukubulala iiseli. Amacandelo anamhlanje asebenzisa i-argon kunye ne-helium ukufezekisa oku kwaye inkqubo yokuqhafaza / ithambile iphindwa kabini. Inqubo yenziwa kwigumbi lokusebenza phantsi kwe-anesthesia. I-Cryotherapy isebenza kuphela xa umdlavuza uqulethwe kwi-prostate. Yinto esetyenziswa rhoqo xa umdlavuza usendaweni enye okanye emva kokuphumelela unyango lwamayeza. Izibonelelo ziquka ukuhlala esibhedlele esifutshane kunye nokubuyela ngokukhawuleza kumsebenzi xa kuthelekiswa nokuhlinzwa. I-Downsides iquka amazinga aphezulu e-Erectile Dysfunction kune-radiation ukuba yonke ingqungquthela ishushu.
Iingonyango ezingenayo
Umhlaza wesifo seprotate ukhula ngokuphendula kwi-testosterone, i-hormone yesini. Ukuthintela okanye ukususa i-testosterone kuya kubangela ezininzi iiseli ukuba zibuyiselwe okanye zife. Kwiminyaka emininzi le yodwa yonyango lwezityalo zemetastatic. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, amacwecwe afuneka asuswe (orchiectomy) kodwa ngoku kungeniswa imishanguzo yexeshana ukufezekisa injongo enye. Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza aseHormon ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa ngokubambisana kunye neyeza.
Amacandelo amabini aphezulu asetyenziselwa ukuvimba i-testosterone: ukuyeka ukuvelisa nokukhusela i-receptor. Ezi zifumaneka kwiindlela ezininzi kuquka iipilisi, iziplantshi kunye neenjini. Unyango olutsha lwe-prostate lomhlaza lusebenzisa iindlela ezingcono zokumisa ukuveliswa kwe testosterone okanye ukuvimbela i-receptor.
Chemotherapy
I-Chemotherapy yomhlaza wesifo seprotate isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo xa ama-hormone ehlulekile. Intuthuko emininzi eyenziwe kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo.
HIFU
I-High-Intensity Focs Ultrasound iyinkqubo yekhnoloji esebenzisa amagagasi e-ultrasound agxila kwindawo encinci. Oku kubangela ukushisa okukhulu kwaye ibulale iiseli. Ngenxa yokusebenza kakubi kokuqala, olu buchule lufumaneka kuphela phantsi kweprotocol yophando e-US.
I-Sipuleucel-T (Nika) I-Sipuleucel-T ngumgomo wokugonywa ngumhlaza womhlaza wesifo somhlaza. Kuthelelwe izigulane ezibonakalisa izifo okanye izilwanyana ezinomzimba onomhlaza womhlaza wesifo seprotate.