Xa umhlaza wakho "ugxininiswe," ugqirha uzama ukumisela ngokusemthethweni umdlavuza wakho ngokusekelwe kwindlela ekude ngayo. Oku kuqhutyelwa emva kokuba ufumene ukuba unomdlavuza wesibeletho ulandela uvavanyo lwe-PSA okanye olunye uviwo.
Isigaba somhlaza wakho ngenye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu xa zisetyenziselwa ukuqikelela ukugqithiswa kwakho kunye naluphi ukhetho lwonyango olufanelekileyo.
Ngokona buninzi, isigaba sakho esezantsi, umhlaza wakho ungaphantsi kwaye ulungele ukuhlaselwa.
Cishe zonke izigulane zomhlaza zesifo seprotate ziphantsi kwezinga elithile lezakhono zokubaluleka kwaye kubalulekile ukuba ube nolwazi oluyisiseko malunga nendlela oku kwenziwa ngayo.
Imibuzo yokuqala kunye novavanyo
Isinyathelo sokuqala kwisiteji senziwa xa ugqirha wakho enza uvavanyo lwe- digital rectal (DRE). Phantse bonke abantu baya kufumana ubuncinci kweli nqanaba lomsebenzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ugqirha unokuziva ukuba lukhulu kangakanani i-tumor ngokwayo kwaye nokuba i-tumor ikhona kwimizuzu enye okanye zombini (okanye i-lobes) yeprostate.
Iimpendulo oziphayo kwiimbuzo ezivela kumgqirha wakho malunga neempawu , ezifana nentlungu yesifuba (oko kunokubonisa ukuba umhlaza usasazeke emathanjeni), kunokuthi isigaba esiphezulu somhlaza sikhona.
Uvavanyo lweemvavanyo
- Scan Scan
Umhlaza wesifo seprotate, xa usasazeka ngokusuka kwi-prostate, kaninzi ihlasela amathambo. Ngenxa yalolu hlobo, olunye lweemvavanyo eziqhelekileyo zokucinga i-prostate umdlavuza (prostate scan) (ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa yi "radionuclide bone scan").
Ukuqhuba i- scan scan , kuyakufuneka ube nenani elincinci le-radioactive injected in a vein. Le ncwadana iya kufakelwa kuwo wonke umzimba, kodwa iya kukhetha kwiindawo kwisithambo apho kukho umhlaza.
Emva kweeyure ezimbalwa emva kokubanjwa kwento, uza kulala etafileni ngelixa ikhamera ekhethekileyo ingasetyenziswa apho i-reactive material iqokelele khona. Imimandla yomzimba wakho kunye nezinto ezinokusasaza kakhulu "ziya kukhanya" kwikhamera.
Ngelishwa, ezinye izifo ezifana ne-arthritis nazo zingalimaza amathambo kwaye "ziya kukhanya" kwi-scan scan. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba unemihlaba ekutshekeni kwethambo echaphazela ugqirha wakho, unokufuna ukuvavanya oku ngakumbi kule mimandla ukugqiba ngokupheleleyo ukuba ngaba umhlaza ukhona okanye awukho.
- I-Tomography Scan Computed (CT Scan okanye "CAT" Scan)
I-scan ye-CT isebenzisa i-x-ray ukwenza umfanekiso ocacileyo ngaphakathi ngaphakathi komzimba wakho. Ngexa ulala etafileni, itafile iya kululela kunye nokuphuma kwindandatho enkulu evelisa kwaye ifumanisa ii-x-ray. Uninzi x-ray lithathwa ngesixa esifutshane kwaye zidibaniswe zisebenzisa iprogram yekhompyutheni ukwenza isethi "yamatye" abonisa izakhiwo emzimbeni wakho. Unokwenza okanye awufuneki ukuba ube ne-liquid ye-injected intravenously (IV, kwi-vein) ukwenzela ukuphumeza umfanekiso ongcono.
Iimvavanyo ze-CT ziyanceda ekufumaneni izicubu ezinkulu, ezinobunzima kwi-prostate okanye kwenye indawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo bancedo kakhulu ekunqumeni ukuba inani elikhulu lomhlaza wakho liye lasasazeka kwezinye izitho okanye kwiimpawu zeclimph kufuphi neprotate. Akunakulungele ekukhetheni amancinci amancinci omzimba wesiqhelo kuwo wonke umzimba.
- Ukujonga umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance (MRI)
I-MRI i-scans ayisebenzisi i-x-ray njenge-CT scans. Kunoko, basebenzisa amagagasi omsakazo ukuvelisa umfanekiso ocacileyo womzimba. Imifanekiso eyenziwe yi-MRI scan "yimiqolo" yomzimba enokudibaniswa ibe ngumzekelo we-3D. Uya kufuneka ulale etafileni leyo ibe isilayidi ibe yibhubhe enkulu kulo mvavanyo. Iimpawu ze-MRI zidla ngokuthatha ixesha elide kuneendlela zokuhlola i-CT ukugqiba kwaye uya kufundiswa ukuba uhlale uhleli kulo lonke uvavanyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, njengama-CT scans, izinto ezibonakalayo zokungafaniyo zifunekayo ukwenzela ukudala umfanekiso olungcono.
Iimpawu ze-MRI ziyakwazi ukubonelela ngemifanekiso ethe xaxa yeethambo ezifana ne-lymph node, iprotate, kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezikufuphi ezifana ne-vesinic vesicles kunye nesisu.
- ProstaScint Scan
Iskrini seProstaScint sisiphuhliso esitsha esisebenzisa isicatshulwa esifana ne-scan scan. Inani elincinci lezinto ezisasazwayo ezifakwe kwi-vein. Le ncwadana, kodwa, yenzelwe ukulandelelwa kwiindawo ngaphakathi komzimba apho iiseli zomhlaza zesifo seprotate zisasazeka. Ikhamera ekhethekileyo isetyenziselwa ukudala umfanekiso womzimba wakho kunye neesayithi zamaseli omhlaza wesibeletho. Oku kunceda kakhulu xa uzama ukufumanisa ukuba izicubu ezithambileyo (kungekhona amathambo) kuwo wonke umzimba ziye zahlaselwa ngamaseli omhlaza wesibeletho.
Iimvavanyo eziHlangayo
Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuvavanywa kokuqala kunye neengcamango zengcamango azivumelekanga ukunika isiteji esifanelekileyo somhlaza wakho. Kufuneka uvavanyo oluninzi olungakumbi.
- I-Lymph Node Biopsy Ngethuba loPhando
Xa i-prostatectomy enkulu (uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza-ukususa utyando lwe-prostate cancer) lwenziwa, ugqirha uyakwazi ukususa i-lymph nodes ezikufutshane neprotate. Ezi zine-lymph nodes ezinye zeendawo zokuqala ezingasasazeka ngumhlaza.
Ukuba ugqirha ugxeka kakhulu ukuba umhlaza wakho unokusasazeka (ngenxa yamanqanaba aphakamileyo kakhulu ePSA okanye amanqaku aphezulu eGleason ), ngoko uya kususa i-lymph nodes ngexesha lotyando kwaye ahlolisiswe ngokukhawuleza ngumhlaza wezilwanyana ngenxa yobungqina bomhlaza . Ukuba akukho mhlaza ufunyenwe, utyando lugqitywa njengoko luhleliwe. Ukuba umhlaza ufunyenwe kwi-lymph nodes, ngoko ke, ngokuqhelekileyo unyango luyekile ngaphandle kokususa iprotrate. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuba umhlaza sele usasazeke ngaphandle kweprotrate, ukususwa kweprotrath kuyongezelelekanga kwisigulane.
- I-Lymph Node Biopsy ngaphandle kokuPhepha
Amadoda abakhetha ukungenalo utyando ukususa iprotate yabo (ngokuba, ngokomzekelo, banqwenela ukusebenzisa i- radiation therapy esikhundleni), kwiimeko ezingavumelekanga, kusadingeka ukuba babe ne-lymph nodes zabo ezivandlakanywe ukuvela komhlaza. Zomibini zikhetho zilandelayo zisetyenziswa kuphela. - I-Laparoscopic Biopsy
Ngenxa yale ndlela, ugqirha akayi kwenza nayiphi na ixesha elide kwiisisu. Kunoko, ubeka imingxuma emancinane kwisisu esinezinto ezinde, ezincinci (kuquka nekhamera encinane) ezifakwe kuyo. Ezi zixhobo zinokusetyenziswa ngudokotela ogqirha ukuba asuse i-lymph nodes ezijikeleze iprotrate. I-lymph nodes zithunyelwa ukuhlolwa. - I-Needle Fine Impumelelo (FNA)
Ngenxa yale ndlela, i- radiologist yangenelelo (ngubani oqeqeshiwe ngokukodwa ukwenza iinkqubo ezifana ne-FNA), ufaka inaliti ende kwesikhumba nakweyiphi i-lymph node ephakamileyo kufuphi neprotate. Isampula encinci ye-lymph node ikhutshwe kwaye ithunyelwe ukuhlolwa.
> Umthombo:
> Trabulsi EJ, Merriam WG, Gomella LG. Amagcisa amatsha okucinga ngomhlaza wesibeletho. I-Curr Urol Rep u- 2006 ngoMeyi; 7 (3): 175-80. Uhlolo.