Ukuxilongwa kweCarstate Cancer

Ziziphi Izinto Ezibaluleke Kakhulu Ukuba Ukwazi Ngokujonga I-Cancer?

Unyaka ngamnye, amawaka amadoda athola ukuxilongwa komhlaza wesibeletho . Ngenxa yenani eliphakamileyo lamadoda ahluphekileyo kwesi sifo, iimvavanyo zonyaka zokuhlola iifakwe ekuthembekeni ukuba zithathe umdlavuza weprotate kwizigaba zayo zokuqala. Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezikhoyo ukuqinisekisa ukufumaneka komhlaza wesibeletho emva kokungaqhelekanga kufumaneka ngokuphonononga.

1. Ukuhlola rhoqo

   Bonke abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo ngonyaka ngomhlaza wesibeletho. Amadoda ase-Afrika-American kunye namadoda anesigidimi esomeleleyo somhlaza wesifo seprotate baye baboniswa ukuba banamazinga aphakamileyo omhlaza wesibeletho kunye nesidingo sokuqala ukuhlola kwabo kwiminyaka engama-40 (okanye nangaphambili ukuba amalungu omndeni ayenomdlavuza wesibeletho emncinane).

   Ukongezelela, nabani na abanezibonakaliso ezibonisa ukuba kufuneka umdlavuza wesifo seprotate ukuhlolwa.

   Ukuhlolwa okufanelekileyo kukubandakanya zombini ukuhlolwa kwe- digital rectal kunye neprotate ethile yokuhlolwa kwegazi .

   • I-Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)

     Ngethuba lo vavanyo, ugqirha ufaka umunwe ogcobileyo, umlenze (idijithi) kwi-rectum. Ngenxa yecala leprotrate phambi kwe-rectum, ugqirha uyakwazi ukuziva umda weprotate apho ininzi yeekliniki ziqala. Ukungaqhelekanga okufana ne-bumps okanye ubunzima beprotrate ingafunyanwa ngale ndlela.

     Olu vavanyo luvame ukugqitywa ngemizuzwana emi-5 ukuya kweyesi-10 kwaye amadoda amaninzi awanakuncipha.

   • I-Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) I-Test Test

     Isampuli encinci yegazi ithathwa kwaye yithunyelwa kwibhabhi yokuhlalutya. I-PSA yiprotheyini eyenziwa kuphela ngama-prostate cells. Njengoko i-prostate yandisa, nokuba ingenxa yomhlaza okanye esinye isizathu , inani le-PSA lenziwe likhuphuka.

     Amanqanaba aphezulu ePSA okanye ukwanda ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba le-PSA kunokulumkisa ugqirha kwisifo esithile esingumdlavuza.

1. Bistsy Prostatic

   Ukuba ukungaqhelekanga kufunyenwe kwi-DRE okanye uvavanyo lwe-PSA, ugqirha uya kulandelelanisa i-biopsy yeprostate.

   I-biopsy ibandakanya ukuthatha isampula encinane kakhulu yeethambo ezivela kwi-prostate. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa inaliti encotshelwa efakwe kwi-prostate. Inani elincinane lamathambo liboshwe kwinaliti ngelixa liseprotate kwaye ke inaliti ikhutshwa. Oku kuphindwe kwiindawo ezininzi kwi-prostate ukwenzela ukunciphisa ithuba lokulahleka indawo apho umhlaza ungakho khona.

   Le nqubo idla ngohlobo lwe- urologist okanye omnye ugqirha kwiofisi yabo kwaye kubandakanya ukusebenzisa i-anesthesia yengingqi ukunciphisa intlungu.

   Iisampuli zamathambo zithunyelwa kwi- pathologist (ugqirha okhethekileyo ofumanisa izifo esekelwe kwindlela ebonakala ngayo phantsi kwe-microscope) owenza ukuxilongwa kokugqibela komhlaza wesifo somhlaza.

   Ngeli xesha, isifo sezilwanyana sinokukhangela kwakhona kwiiseli zomhlaza ukuba zichonge ukuba zingaphili. Oku kuthiwa "ibanga" lomhlaza. Ibanga eliphezulu lithetha ukuba iiseli aziqhelekanga kwaye ukuba umhlaza unako ukusasazeka.

   Inqaku elihle kakhulu libonisa indlela i-prostate biopsy isebenza ngayo.

1. Iimvavanyo zokuQinisekisa ubungakanani beCancer

   Uvavanyo aluyeki emva kokuba i-pathologist inqume ukuba ingekho umhlaza. Ukuze uphathe umhlaza ngempumelelo , oogqirha abakhathalelayo kufuneka bazi ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani .

   Ukuqwalasela oku, uninzi lweemvavanyo lunokusetyenziswa. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba zeziphi ezikhethiweyo ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko zakho, kodwa bonke basebenze ukufumanisa umdlavuza osasaze ngaphandle kweprotate.

   • I-ultrasound - Inkqubo ephantsi ye-ultrasound probe ifakwe kwi-rectum. I-ultrasound ingabonisa ukuba izitho ezisondeleyo kunye nezicubu ziye zahlaselwa ngumhlaza.
   • I-Bone Scan - Umhlaza wesifo seprostate uvame ukusasazeka kumathambo ukuba awunakufumaniseka ekuqaleni. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, lo vavanyo lunokwenziwa ukuze unikeze umfanekiso ocacileyo wamathambo omzimba. Imimandla yomhlaza emathanjeni inokufunyanwa ngugqirha wakho.
   • I-CT Scan okanye i- MRI - Ezi zivavanyo ezimbini zingasetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngokubanzi kwizitho kunye nezicubu kwisisu nangentsimbi. Kuphela kubonakala kwiindawo ezinkulu, ezinomdla womhlaza ongaphandle kweprotate, ngakho ke kufuneka zidibaniswe nezinye iimvavanyo ukuba zibe luncedo kakhulu.
   • I-Lymph Node Biopsy - I- Lymph nodes zakhiwo ezincinci zikhona kuwo wonke umzimba. Amanqwelana ahlala esasazeka kwii-lymph nodes eziseduze kunezinye izicubu. Ngokususa ngokugqithisileyo ezinye ze-lymph node kufuphi neprotate kwaye zihlalutye ngenxa yobukho bomhlaza, ugqirha wakho unokuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaza awuzange usasaze ngaphandle kwe-prostate.

Zonke ezi mvavanyo zinceda ekufumaneni ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani okanye "isigaba" somhlaza wakho . Isiteji sinceda ugqirha wakho ukuba anqume indlela yokwenza unyango olungcono kakhulu kuwe.

_Imithombo:

IGerber GS, iGoldberg R, iChodak GW. Ukutshatyalaliswa komhlaza wesifo seprotate nge-volume tumor, i-prostate-specific antigen, kunye ne-transrectal ultrasound. Urology 40 (4): 311-6, 1992.

I-Stone NN, i-Stock RG, i-Unger P. Iinkcazo ze-bial vesicle biopsy kunye ne-laparoscopic i-lymph node dissection kumadoda ane-carcinoma yendawo ye-prostate. J Urol 154 (4): 1392-6, 1995.