Ukuba uxelelwe ukuba unayo i-prediabetes ngokuqinisekileyo awuyedwa. Amaziko okuLawula nokuLungisa izifo ukuba i-84.1million yaseMelika ithathwa njengenobungozi be- prediabetes . Kulabo abane-prediabetes, i-90% ayayazi nokuba nayo. Ngoxa i-diagnostic inokuyikrakra kwaye ixakeke, inokutshintsha impilo yakho ibe ngcono.
Ndiye ndabona izigulana ezine-prediabetes zitshintsha ngokupheleleyo ubomi babo ngendlela efanelekileyo-ukuxilongwa kwabo kuxhobisa ukuba badle impilo enempilo, basebenzise ngakumbi, banciphise umzimba, bazive bebhetele kwaye banqande uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela.
I-American Diabetes Association of Standards of Care ingxelo yokuba unokuthintela okanye ulibazise uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela ngokuguquka kwendlela yokuphila . Eninzi, ukukhusela kuncike kakhulu ekulahlekeni kwesisindo. Isixa sokulahlekelwa kwesisindo esifanelekileyo ukukhusela okanye ukulibaziseka isifo sikashukela kuhluka kumntu ukuya komntu. Ngokomyinge, ukulahlekelwa malunga neepesenti ezisixhenxe zesisindo somzimba wakho kunokunceda ukuguqula isifo sikashukela. Kuba umntu olinganisa ama-pounds angama-200, oku kuya kuba yilapho ilahlekelwa yintsimbi eyi-14. Umntu ngamnye uhlukile, kodwa umgca wukuthi ukuthintela uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sinokwenzeka. Ngamanye amaxesha konke okufuneka ukwenze kwenze utshintsho oluncinci.
Yintoni i-Prediabetes?
I-Prediabetes iyigama elisetyenziselwa abantu abanokugula okungahambi kakuhle (IFG) okanye ukunyamezela kwe-glucose tolerance (IGT).
I-IGF kunye ne-IGT zidibene nokukhuluphala (ikakhulukazi i-belly fat fatness or visceral obesity). Umzimba wakho usebenzisa i-glucose njengomthombo wayo wamandla. I-insulini-ihomoni eveliswa yi-pancreas-inoxanduva lokuthatha ushukela egazini lakho kwiiseli zakho ukusebenzisa amandla. Kwindoda ene-prediabetes, le ndlela yokusebenzisa ushukela ayisebenzi kakuhle; ushukela egazini lihlala liphakanyisiwe, kodwa alikho phezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ube nesifo sikashukela esipheleleyo.
Ukungahambi kakuhle kweGlucose
Ukutya i- glucose ichazwa njengendlela yokufunda ishukela yegazi ethathwa kwiimeko zokuzila ukutya (awuzange udle iiyure ezisibhozo okanye ngaphezulu). Uvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo lunokunika lo mlinganiselo.
| Eziqhelekileyo | Ngaphantsi kwama-100 mg / dl |
| Prediabetes | 100-126 mg / dl |
| Sikashukela | Mkhulu kunama-126 mg / dl |
Yintoni enokukhubazeka kwe-Glucose Tolerance?
Ukunyamezela kwe-glucose ukunyamezela kuyimilinganiselo yendlela umzimba wakho uphendula ngayo umthwalo we-glucose. Umzekelo, ixesha ngalinye xa udla i-carbohydrate, ukutya kuphulwe kwaye kuguqulwa kwishukela. I-insulin ifihliwe yi-pancreas ukuthatha ishukela egazini ukuya kwiiseli zokusebenzisa njengamandla. Ukuba igazini lakho legazi lihlala liphakanyisiwe ukuya kwiiyure ezimbini emva kokutya, umzimba wakho awukwazi ukuqhubeka nomthwalo we-glucose. Oku kungagqitywa nguVavanyo lwe-Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). I-OGTT uvavanyo olwenziweyo ngokuvavanya igazi ngaphambi nangemva kokunikezwa umthwalo we-glucose (i-75-gram ye-carbohydrate isiselo).
| Eziqhelekileyo | <140 mg / dL |
| Prediabetes | 140-199 mg / dL |
| Sikashukela | Mkhulu kunama-200 mg / dL |
Kuthiwani ngeHgbA1c?
Umntu angakwazi ukuwela kwibala le-prediabetes ngokuba neHemoglobin ephakamileyo ye-A1c (HgbA1c). I-HgbA1c iyimilinganiselo yeenyanga ezintathu zeeshukela zegazi .
Lapho i-glucose yokuzila kunye ne-glucose ukunyamezela ukuvavanya inikezela ngokuchanekileyo yintoni iswekile yegazi eyenzayo ngexesha elithile, i-HgbA1c inika i-avareji ezingama-24 kwiinyanga ezintathu.
Eziqhelekileyo | <5.7% |
| Prediabetes | 5.7-6.4% |
| Sikashukela | Mkhulu kunokuba ulingane no-6.5% |
Indlela Yokukhusela okanye Ukulahla Uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile
Fumana inkxaso: Okokuqala, qalisa ngokufumana inkxaso -joyina inkqubo ejolise ekulahlekeni kwesisindo okanye udibane nomncedisi obhalisiweyo okanye utitshala ogqityiweyo wesifo sikashukela. Iinkqubo okanye isiluleko esisodwa ngokubhekiselele ekulahlekelweni kwesisindo sinokukunceda ukuba ufunde okokutya okuchaphazela i-sugar sugars eninzi, ukulawula isabelo kunye nendlela yokutya ukutya okunempilo, okunokulinganisela.
Uya kufuna kwakhona ukuhambisa ngaphezulu, ujonge ubuncinane imizuzu engama-150 ngeveki. Abantu abaphumelele kakhulu ngabo balandelelanayo rhoqo. Ukucebisa ngokulandelelana kukukhuthaza kwaye kunceda ukuququzelela utshintsho. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba unomntu okanye iprogram abanokukuthumela kuyo.
Gcina i-Carbohydrate yakho Intake : I-carbohydrate yimizimba ebalulekileyo yamandla, kodwa xa idliwe ngokugqithiseleyo, igcinwa njengamafutha. Kwaye xa umzimba wakho ungasebenzisi ushukela ngokuchanekileyo, ukungena kwe-carbohydrate engaphezulu kunokubangela ukuba ushukela wegazi uhlale uphakanyisiwe. Ukuze ulahlekelwe isisindo kunye nesishukela segazi esezantsi, kufuneka unciphise ukungenisa i-carbohydrate, ngokukodwa ukusela iziselo (okubandakanya i-juice yezithelo), izonka ezimhlophe, ii-cookies, ikhekhe kunye ne-ayisikrimu. Isisitshixo kukutya ukuguqulwa kwisondlo se-carbohydrate esezantsi, kungekhona ukutya okunama-carbohydrates. Ukuphelisa i-carbohydrate ngokupheleleyo kunokubangela ukukhathala, ukusilela kwe-vitamin, kunye nokuqhawulwa, ukubiza amagama ambalwa. Kwanesidlo se-carbohydrate esezantsi ziqulethe imithombo yamagalebhydrate anjengeziqhamo, i-yogurt kunye ne-grains epheleleyo. Xa ukhetha i- carbohydrate uza kufuna ukukhetha iindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi, eziphezulu ezikhoyo. Kukulungele ukudibana nomndilili orejistwe okanye utitshala ogqityiweyo wesifo sikashukela ukuba eze kwisicwangciso sokutya esifanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iingcebiso ezilula zokuguqula intlawulo ye-carbohydrates yakho zibandakanya:
- Yidla iprotheni ephakamileyo yasekuseni: Uphononongo olutshanje lubonisa ukuba ukutya isidlo sakusihlwa esityebi kwiprotheni kunokunceda ekulahlekeni kwesisindo kunye nokulawulwa kweshukela egazini. Kwabanye abantu abaqala usuku ngokutya kwasekuseni kwe-carbohydrates kungenza ukuba iishukela zitshatile yonke imini. Yaye i-carbohydrates engaphezulu uyidla uxinzelelo osibekayo kwiipancreas ukwenza insulini. Ndiyaxelela izigulane zam ukuba ziphephe: ukutya okusanhlamvu, i-muffins, i-bagels, kunye ne-granola rhoqo ngokusemandleni abo, kodwa ngokukodwa ekuseni.
- Zisebenzise indlela yeCatate: Injongo yokwenza isahlulo sakho semifuno engekho-starchy imifuno (isaladi, i-broccoli, isipinashi, i-cauliflower, i-anyanisi, i-pepper, isitshalo seqanda, njl. Oku kuya kunika umthamo, amanzi, i-fiber kunye ne-carbohydrate engancinci. Ikota yesitya sakho okanye malunga nekombe elilodwa kufuneka linikezelwe kwisitashi sakho: zonke iinkozo ezifana ne-quinoa, ibhali, i-bulgar kunye nezinye i-carbohydrates eziyinkimbinkimbi kubandakanywa, amazambane amnandi (kunye nesikhumba), i-squash kunye neembotyi. Kwaye enye ikota yesitya sakho okanye malunga nobukhulu bemakhadi kufuneka ibe yiprotheni encikiweyo: inkukhu emhlophe inyama, i-turkey, intlanzi, inyama yenkomo.
- Ukuphelisa zonke iziTywala ezicocekileyo kunye neeShukela ezongeziweyo: Utywala obunokotywala lunokubangela ukuguqulwa kwishukela yegazi kunye nokuzuza ubunzima. Gwema i-juice, i-soda, itiye e-sweet iced, kunye nokongeza ushukela kwikhofi yakho. Endaweni yoko, sisela itiye engaxilwanga, ikhofi, seltzer, kunye namanzi ane-lemon okanye i-lime.
- Ukucoca ngokucokisekileyo: Ukuthabatha iipuni, abacuki, kunye nekiki kunokuthintela ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo kunye negalelo kwi-triglycerides ephakamileyo kunye noshukela egazi. I-Snack kwi-snacks e-nutrient-rich, e-low low snacks:
- 1 i-apula encinane (ubungakanani bhola ye-tennis) kunye nepuni ye-1 ibhotela
- Iikomityi ezi-3 zipapa ipopuni kunye necaji e-1 ye-fat fat
- Yinqumle imifuno ene-2paspoons hummus okanye i-guacamole
- Iikomityi ezingamatshitshi ezingamanzi: i-almond, i-cashews, i-pistachios, i-walnuts, njl
- 1 encinci i-fat yogrectic yogurt yogesi ene 1/2 cup cup
- Cinga ngonyango: Nangona iimeko zokuphila ziguqulwa ngokuqhelekileyo, i-American Diabetes Association ibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweMetformin kunokuqwalaselwa kulabo abanokugula okukhawulezayo, ukunyamezela kwe-glucose, okanye ukuphakanyiswa kwe-HgbA1c. Kwabo abane-BMI ye-35 kg / m2, abaneminyaka engama-60 ubudala kunye nabasetyhini abanesifo sikashukela esandulela isifo sikashukela, le nto ingafaneleka ngakumbi. I-Metformin yinyango encedisa ukukhushulwa kwe-insulin ngokusebenzisa i-insulin umzimba uthumela nokuthumela isalathisi kwisibindi ukuyeka ukwenziwa kweswekile. Ingumuthi ongenamdla wokutyala kwaye usetyenziswe njengomgca wokuqala wonyango kulabo abanesifo sikashukela. Akufanele kuthathwe ngaphandle kokuba icetywe ngugqirha.
Imithombo:
Umbutho weSwekile waseMelika. ImiGangatho yoLondolozo lwezoNyango kwiSwekile-2017. 2017 Jan; 40 Isondlo 1: S1-132.
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. Prediabetes.