Oko kuthetha ukuthatha inentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye i-HIV
I-Seroconversion yithuba apho umntu ahlakulela ama- antibodies kuyo nayiphina i-microorganism (ezibizwa ngokuba yizilwanyana eziphilayo). Ama-antibodies ngamaprotheni avikelayo aveliswa ngumzimba wokuzivikela omzimba ukuze aphelise i-pathogen kwaye yinto ecacileyo kweso sifo kunye ne-pathogen yodwa.
Xa iimvavanyo zegazi ziyakwazi ukufumana ezi zikhuhlane, umntu kuthiwa ube ne-seroconverted.
Ukuqonda i-Seroconversion ye-HIV
Kwimeko ye-HIV, i-seroconversion ithetha ukuba umntu uye wavela ekubeni engenazo i-HIV (engenakho i-HIV-antibodies) ekubeni ne-HIV-ene-antibodies).
I-Seroconversion iqinisekiswa nguvavanyo lwe-antibody's HIV. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha iiveki ezimbalwa ukuba umzimba uvelise ama-antibodies aneleyo ukuvavanya ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-HIV. Ngaphambi koku, uvavanyo lungaba lugqibekanga okanye lunikeze umphumo ongalunganga . Eli xesha lokungaqiniseki liyaziwa njengexesha le window .
Xa umntu sele ene-seroconverted, uya kuhlala enesifo se-HIV rhoqo. Nangona umntu ubeka unyango lwe-HIV kwaye unako ukufezekisa umthwalo wentsholongwane engabonakaliyo , intsholongwane ayisoze yaphela ngokupheleleyo. "Ukungabonakali" kuthetha nje ukuba inani legciwane lengculazi liphantsi kangangokuthi ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwangoku akukwazi ukuwafumana.
Iimpawu zeSerononversion ye-HIV
Umntu onesi-seroconverted okanye unokungenayo iimpawu zentsholongwane.
Ukusuleleka kwe-Symptomatic ngokubhekiselele kukho njengokugula kwesifo se-seroconversion, i-seroconversion enzima, isifo sesandulela ngculaza, okanye i-retroviral syndrome (ARS).
I-ARS ivela kuyo nayiphi na indawo ukusuka kuma-50 ekhulwini ukuya kuma-70 ekhulwini abantu abatsha. Iimpawu ze-ARS zifana nezo zifo okanye i-mononucleosis echaphazelekayo kwaye ingaquka:
- Fever
- Ukukhathala
- Intloko
- Umqala obuhkungu
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Intlungu ehlangeneyo
- I-lymph glands
Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ziyiyo ingezizo, zidla ngokuba zibangelwa ezinye izifo.
Esinye sezibonakaliso ezongezelelekileyo ze-ARS kukugqithisekayo . Ukuqhambuka kuya kudla ukuchaphazela isigxina esiphezulu somzimba kunye nezilonda ezibomvu, ezincinci, eziplaniweyo, nezingenanto. Njengayezinye iimpawu ze-ARS, ziyakwazi ukuvela naphakathi kweeveki ezine emva kokusuleleka kwaye zihlala zisombulula kwisithuba esinye ukuya kwiiveki ezintathu.
Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili
Kukho ubungqina bokuthi ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa kwe-HIV ngexesha lokusuleleka kanzima kunokunyanzelisa ngokukhawuleza ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Ngokubetha intsholongwane ngonyango kwiiveki zakuqala, abanye bakholelwa ukuba intsholongwane inegalelo elingaphantsi lokubeka iingcwele ezifihliweyo kwizicubu kunye neeseli ezibizwa ngokuba ziindawo zokugcina . Xa i-HIV ingeniswe kule mijelo yamanzi, ayinakukwazi ukususa emzimbeni.
Kule nto, ukuhlolwa kwintsholongwane yintsholongwane kaGawulayo inokukwazi ukunikela iziphumo ezichanekileyo kwiintsuku ezili-12 ngokuthelekiswa neemvavanyo zangaphambili zenzalo ezithatha ubuncinane iiveki ezintathu. Ezi zilingo zentsebenziswano ziyakwazi ukwenza oku kuba zibona ii-antibodies ze- HIV kunye nama-antigen anesifo se-HIV (iiproteni ezitholakale kwi-shell of virus).
Xa kuthelekiswa nokuvavanywa kwee-antibody, ii-assays ezifana ne- ARCHITECT ye-HIV Ag / Ab bayakwazi ukufumana ngaphezulu kwama-90 ekhulwini lwe-HIV.
Imithombo:
> Cohen, M .; Gay, C; Busch, P .; kunye noHecht, F. "Ukufunyanwa kweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo." I-Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2010; 202 (iSiza 2): S270-S277.
> Pilcher, D .; Louie, B; Facente, S. et al. "Ukusebenza kwe-Rapid Point-of-Care kunye neeNzame zeLebhu zeNgcaciso kunye nokuSungulwa koGawulayo eSan Francisco." I-PLOS | Enye. Disemba 12, 2013; INGXELO: 10.1371 / iphephandaba.pone.0080629.