Ubhalansi-base-base-acid bubhekiselele kwindlela eyenziwa ngumzimba ukugcina amanzi asemzimbeni asondele kwi-pH engathathi hlangothi. Ngokwenza njalo, amaziza omzimba agcinwa ukuba angabi acidic (ane-asidi eninzi) okanye eyona siseko (ene-alkaline kakhulu). Ukulinganisela okusemgangathweni kwe-acid-basebenza umzimba usebenze kwimeko yokulingana, okanye ukuzinza.
Yintoni iQumrhu Eliqhelekileyo pH?
Ibhunga le-pH lilinganiselwa kwisilinganisi ukusuka ku-1 ukuya kwe-14 kunye ne-1 ibe yindidi kwaye i-14 ibe yinto engundoqo.
Umzimba oqhelekileyo pH uphakathi kwe-7.35 no-7.45.
- Ukuba umzimba i-pH ingaphantsi kwe-7.35, umzimba u "acidotic."
- Ukuba umzimba we-pH ukhulu kunama-7.45, umzimba u "alkalotic" okanye "isiseko."
Xa usempilweni, umzimba ulawula i-pH ngokucophelela ngeentso (ngokususa okanye ukugcina ii-acids kunye neziseko) okanye ngemiphunga (ngokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokukhawuleza.) Iimpawu ziveliswa yi-metabolism evamile ye-carbohydrate, iiprotheni kunye namafutha, apho Iinjongo zihlawulela ngokususa i-asidi.
IQumrhu lePH Ukulinganisa
Umzimba pH uvame ukulinganiswa ngokudibanisa iimvavanyo ezingabandakanya i-pH yegazi kwimida, kunye nomgangatho we-electrolytes kwi-plasma.
Ukuhlawulelwa
Ukuba i-pH yomzimba iwela ngaphandle kwebala eliqhelekileyo, umzimba usebenza ukubuyisela "homeostasis" okanye isimo somlinganiso. Yenza oku:
- Inxephezelo ye-Renal - Iinjongo zingenza i-pH ibenzi ngokukhupha i-acid okanye ngokugcina i-bicarbonate (isiseko.)
- Imbuyekezo yePulmonary - Ukuba i-pH iwa, ngamanye amazwi, ukuba umzimba u-acidotic, ukuphefumula kunokunyuka ukuphuza i-carbon dioxide ukubuyisela imali.
Ukungavumelekanga
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-PH yomzimba ilele kule ncinane encinane. Ukuba izigulane azikwazi ukuhlawulela utshintsho kwi-pH, umzekelo, ngenxa yokugula kakhulu, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, okanye ukungondleki, imeko ye-asidi engaphezulu okanye isiseko singenzeka. Ezi ziquka oku kulandelayo:
Metabolic Acidosis
Kwi-acidosis ye-metabolic kukho inani elinyukayo le-acid acid - ngamanye amagama, i-pH yomzimba iwela ngaphantsi kwe-7.35.
Imiqathango enokubangela ukuba oku kubandakanye:
- Diabetes ketoacidosis
- Lactic acidosis
- Ihudo lomzimba
- Ukuhluleka kweengso
- Imithi efana ne-aspirin
Alkalosis yeMetabolic
Kwi-alkalosis yamathambo, inani le-bicarbonate landa, kaninzi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwamacidi e-metabolic acid. Imiqathango enokubangela ukuba oku kubandakanye:
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezidumbu ze-diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi)
- Ukuvutha
- Imithi efana ne-steroids
- Cushing's syndrome
Acidosis
Kwi-respiratory acidosis, umzimba ugcina i-carbon dioxide engaphezu kwee-acidic body. Imiqathango enokubangela ukuba oku kubandakanye:
- I-Hypoventilation - Ngamanye amagama, ngokusebenzisa ukuphefumula okungezantsi okanye okungaqhelekanga
- I-COPD nezinye izifo zamaphaphu
- Ukugqithiswa kwama-opioid kunye notywala
I-Alkalosis yokuphefumula
Kwi-alkalosis yokuphefumula, inqanaba elincinci le-carbon dioxide livuthelwa yimiphunga. Imiqathango enokubangela ukuba oku kubandakanye:
- I-Hyperventilation kwi- ventilator mechanic
- Isifo sesibindi
- Ukukhulelwa
- I-Septicemia kunye nezinye izifo ezinzulu
- Fever
- Ukuxhalabisa
Umzekelo
I-system-balance base-acid-based base- COPD ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazeleka ngenxa yeendlela zokuphefumula ezingenamsebenzi kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-carbon dioxide. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokukhokelela ekupheleleni ukuphefumula, enye yeengxaki zeCOPD.
Eyaziwayo Njenge: pH ibhalansi
Imithombo:
Ayers, P., Dixon, C., kunye no-A.. Iziphazamiso ze-Acid-base: ukufunda iisiseko. Isondlo kwiZenzo zoKliniki . 2015. 30 (1): 14-20.
Gooch, M. Ukuchonga ukungalingani kwe-acid-base kunye ne-electrolyte. Umhlengikazi . 2015. 40 (8): 37-42.