Iimpawu, unyango kunye nokukhusela
Enye yeengxaki ezininzi zesifo sikashukela yinto ebizwa ngokuthi i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela (DKA). Ngokuqhelekileyo kuvela ngohlobo lwe-1 lwe-diabetes kwaye luhlala luphawu lokuqala lwe-Type 1 yeswekile. I-DKA ibangelwa xa umzimba unento encinci okanye ingekho i-insulin yokusebenzisa kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iishukela zegazi ziphuma kumazinga anobungozi kwaye igazi liba lukhuni.
Oku kwenzeka njani?
I-insulin i-hormone esinceda ukuthutha iswekile okanye i-glucose kwiiseli zomzimba ukuze isetyenziswe ngamandla.
Xa ungenayo i-insulini, ushukela uhlala egazini kunye noshukela egazini luya kumazinga anobungozi. Yibangela i- hyperglycemia ephezulu (ishukela ephezulu yegazi) , okubangelwa imeko engxamisekileyo. Njengoko i-glucose yegazi iqhubeka ikhula, umzimba uya kungena "kwintlupheko yamandla" kwaye iqala ukuphula amanqatha agcinwe njengomthombo wamandla. Xa i-fat isetyenziselwa amandla, ii-ketone ziveliswa kwaye njengoko amanqanaba e-ketone ephakama, igazi liba lukhuni ngakumbi.
Iishukela eziphezulu zegazi zinokuqhubela phambili kwi-ketosis ( ukwakha i-ketoni ) emzimbeni. I-Ketosis ingakhokelela kwi-acidosis, yimeko apho igazi lininzi kakhulu. Xa oku kwenzekayo kwaziwa ngokuba yi-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela. Le ngxakeko yonyango kwaye kufuneka iphathwe ngokukhawuleza ngabaqeqeshi bezonyango.
Izizathu
- Ukuqala ngokukhawuleza kohlobo lwe-1 lweeswekile.
- Izifo eziqhelekileyo zifana ne-pneumonia okanye izifo zonyango. Ukhuhlane luphakamisa izinga "lokuxinwa" kwamahomoni, njenge-cortisol kunye ne-epinephrin, ephakamisa amanqanaba e-glucose egazini.
- Xa umntu engenzi izinto eziyimfuneko ukulawula i-glucose yegazi okanye akakwazi ukufumana i-insulin okanye amanye amayeza anokuba yingozi kwi-DKA.
- Ukungaphumeleli kwepompo ye-Insulin kunokukhokelela kwi-DKA. Ukuba umntu akaqapheli ukuba ipompo yabo iyeke ukulawula i-insulin, amazinga e-blood glucose angakhula ngokukhawuleza.
- Abantwana abahlala beselula banokufumana utshintsho lwe-endocrine olungakwazi ukuguqula ama-glucose amazinga kunye nokuphumelela kwe-insulin.
Izimpawu kunye neMpawu
Iimpawu zokubukela azihlali zibonakala zikhona. Bangakwazi ukuqala ngokukhawuleza kwaye banokuphutha ngenxa yezinye izifo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abaselula abakubonisi iimpawu zeklasi zeDKA.
Iimpawu zokuqala:
- Ndiziva ndidiniwe okanye ndithintekile
- Ukomeleza ngokweqile kunye / okanye ukucola ngokweqile
- Iimpawu zokungcoliswa kwamanzi njengomlomo owomileyo
Iimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ukuhla ukusinda
- Isihlunu / ukuhlanza
- Intlungu zesisu
- Ukudideka
- Ukuphefumula okukrakra, ukujula, ukuphefumula (Kussmaul's breathings)
- Umphunga ovuthayo
- Fever
- Ukungaqondi
Unyango
Ukunyangwa kwe-DKA kuthetha ukungenelela kwezonyango. Kubalulekile ukunyanga kwamanzi ngokunyusa umbane olahlekileyo, ngoko ke unyango luya kusetyenziswa. Ukungalingani kwe-Electrolyte kufuneka kulungiswe kwaye unyango lwe-insulin kufuneka luqaliswe ukulawula i-hyperglycemia. Konke oku kufuneka kwenziwe phantsi kokunyamekela ngonyango.
Thintelo
Xa Ugula:
- Yiba nesicwangciso endaweni xa ugula .
- Hlola ishukela legazi rhoqo emva kweeyure ezintathu ukuya kwezine ngexesha lokugula. Ukuba ushukela wegazi uphakamileyo (ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphezu kwama 250 mg / dl), khangela rhoqo kwaye ujonge ietononi kumchamo wakho.
- Ngexesha lokugula, qiniseka ukuba uphuze uninzi lwentlakile, utywala lwe-caffeine. Nangona ugule kwisisu sakho, zama ukunciphisa amanani amancinci angamaxesha amaninzi. Ukuba iswekile yegazi ingaphezu kwama-250 mg / dl, ungadli okanye ungaphuzi ukutya okuphezulu kwe-carbohydrates okanye ama-fluids.
- Ungayeki ukuthatha i-insulin yakho xa ugula, nangona ungadli. Xoxa ukuba i-insulin dosages kufuneka ishintshwe kunye nodokotela wakho.
- Yiba nenombolo yongxamisekileyo yogqirha wakho, ukuba ngaba ufuna ukufowuna.
Ukukhusela i-DKA Ayingabandakanywa nokugula:
- Ukuba usebenzisa ipompo ye-insulin, jonga rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isebenza kakuhle kwaye ilawula i-insulin.
- Hlola ishukela legazi rhoqo kwimini, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kane ngosuku.
- Phuza ezininzi iziyobisi.
- Xoxa ngolawulo lwezonyango kunye nodokotela wakho. Awufuni ukudlula i-insulin okanye amayeza omlomo, kodwa ugqirha wakho angathanda ukwenza utshintsho oluthile. A
Imithombo:
Cohen, uAnita Stanziale MSN, RN, CS, CDE; kunye no-Edelstein, uElaine L. MS, uRN, CDE. Ulawulo lwemihla ngemihla yoLondolozo lweKhaya lweKhaya leSifo sikashukela. " Umhlengikazi wezeMpilo kwiNtsholongwane 23, iNombolo 11.Nove 2005 717-724.
UKarlroll MD, uMary F; Schade MD, uDavid S. Imibuzo eyishumi ebalulekileyo malunga nesifo sikashukela i-Ketoacidosis. " I-Postgraduate Medicine Online Vol 110, Inani le-5, uNkanga 2001.
"Xa igazi likaTyhure liphezulu kakhulu." LezeMpilo zeNtsha. Julayi 2005. I-Nemours Foundation.