Indlela iNkundla yaseCalifornia eyayifutshane nayo yabhubhisa umthetho wayo waseSamariya
Ngokutsho kwesigwebo senkundla yaseCalifornia esenza isigwebo sokuthi, ukubekwa komthetho waseSalifornia waseSainist Good all but rendered it is worthless for the population that should be a protection. Isigqibo esinengqiqo sagcinwa yiNkundla ePhakamileyo yaseCalifornia ngoDisemba ka-2008.
Iinkundla zatshitshisa uMthetho wamaSamariya waseCalifornia.
Ukukhuselwa kwezenzo ezingenanto
Imithetho emihle yamaSamariya inqwenela ukukhusela abantu abemi bantu, ngaphandle kwesizathu ngaphandle kobubele, beza kunceda abanye abantu abanesidingo.
Ingqiqo jikelele kukuba, ngokungakhathaliseki ukuba unceda ngaphandle kokulindela ukuhlawula okanye umvuzo, uya kuhlaselwa yimbopheleleko xa uzama ukukunceda - ngokungakhathaliseki ukuba ungaqhubeki ngendlela abantu abaqhelekileyo abakwaziyo ukuba bangenzi. Wonke ummandla wase-US unomnye uhlobo loMthetho wamaSamariya olungileyo.
Isigwebo ngo-Matshi 21, 2007, yi-Court of Appeal yaseCalifornia, iSithili sesiBheno sesiBini, isiGaba sesi-3, ngokugqithiseleyo sithintela inguqulelo yaseCalifornia yoMthetho wamaSamariya olungileyo-lowo owalandelayo xa uyeka ukuphazamiseka kwemoto - kuphela izenzo ezinokuthi kuchazwa njengonyango loncedo lwezonyango .
Yintoni Eyona Nonyango Yokunakekelwa Kwezonyango Ngokukhawuleza?
Ewe, loo nto ibhebhe. INkundla inokugweba ukuba unyango lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo alubandakanyi ukuhlangula, okwakungumsebenzi okhutshelwe kulo mzekelo. Umsindisi obekayo wabamba ixhoba elenzakaliswe emotweni ukuba umhlanguli wayecinga ukuba uya kubamba umlilo. Ixhoba lakhubazeka kwaye kwakukho ingxoxo malunga nokuba isenzo somhlanguli okanye ukuphazamiseka kwabangela ukukhubazeka.
Ibonakala apha apha: akukho ukuphazamiseka okulinganayo akukho nzakalo okulinganayo akukho mfuneko yokuba ngumhlanguli .
Vumela ukuba litshintshe ngaphambi kokugqiba ukuba ukuphazamiseka okanye ukuhlangula ngokwenene kwabangela ukulimala.
Zonyango okanye Akukho Zonyango? Lo ngumbuzo
Umhlanguli wafuna kwaye wanyusa isishwankathelo sesigwebo (ngokukodwa ikhadi lokuphuma ngaphandle kwenkundla) evela kumgwebi wenkundla ephakamileyo, oko kukuthi ukukhusela okulungileyo kwamaSamariya kuvame ukusebenza.
Esi sigwebo sagqitywa yinkantolo yesikhalazo, ngokukodwa ngenxa yokuba kwakufunyenwe khona umthetho.
Umthetho wokuqala waseSpain waseMelika wawuyingxenye yeCandelo lesi-2.5 leMpilo yeNkcazo yeMpilo neKhuseleko. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iCandelo 2.5 lijongene neenkonzo zonyango ezingxamisekileyo kwiphondo. Ngenxa yoko, inkundla yezobhenela yafaka igama elithi "unyango" apho lingekho.
Ukusuka kwiCandelo 2.5 leKhowudi yaseMelika kunye neMpilo yoKhuseleko njengoko yayimi ngo-2004, xa kwenzeka isiganeko sokuqala:
1799.102 . Akukho mntu onokholo oluhle, kwaye engengeniso yembuyekezo, unika uncedo lwengxamiseko kwindawo yokuxakeka kwimeko yongxamiseko uya kuba noxanduva loko nawuphi na umonakalo owenziwe ngumntu obangelwa nayiphi na isenzo okanye ukungaphumeleli. Indawo yesexakeko ayiyi kubandakanywa amasebe angxamisekileyo kunye nezinye iindawo apho kunakekelwa unyango.
Ngokutsho kwesigqibo, ukuba khona kwegama elithi "unyango" kwisigwebo sokugqibela, kwaye indawo yomthetho ngokumalunga namanye amacandelo malunga neenkonzo zonyango ngokukhawuleza zithetha ukuba unyango lugqitywa ngumthetho kuphela.
Kutheni kubalulekile? Ngenxa yesigqibo senkundla esenza ukuba ixhoba kwindawo ekhuselekileyo ayikho unyango lwezempilo.
Ukususela kwisigqibo, ebhaliweyo nguJustice H. Walter Croskey:
"Kungenzeka ukuba kukho iimeko apho ukuhambisa umntu kwindawo yakhe yangoku kungumcimbi wezonyango, njengokuba ixhoba le- carbon monoxide isetyhefu kufuneka lihanjiswe kumthombo womoya omtsha. Asinalo ukuba isenzo sokuhambisa umntu ayisoze yenziwa inguqu yonyango lwengxamiseko, kuphela ukuba kwakungekho kulo meko. "
Ingxaki kule ngcamango yayikukuba abahlanguli abangaqeqeshiweyo-kubemi bolu xwebhu babenjongo yokukhusela-bekufuneka bazimisele ukuba ngaba ukunakekelwa kwabo babenokwenyango kwimeko yemvelo ukuze bazuze kwi-Good Samaritan ukukhuselwa.
INkundla ePhakamileyo yaseCalifornia ivalele iingxoxo malunga nale meko kwaye yavuma ukuba inkundla yesikhalazo yayingenakwenzeka. Kwisigqibo esahlukanisayo sesi-4 kuya kwe-3, iNkundla Ephakamileyo yenze indlela eya ku-Alexandra van Horn, isalathisi esengozini kwimeko, ukumangalela umsindisi wakhe, uLisa Torti.
Iingcamango ezi-3 zincinci zathi xa uTorti enokuba enze iimpazamo ezimbi ukuba akwazi ukugwetyelwa, abazange babone isizathu sokuba baphinde baphendule ngokupheleleyo umthetho.
I-New Good Sam Law yaseCalifornia
Emva kokuba iinkundla zifumene amagama angenakukho emthethweni, okwenze ukuba kungabalulekanga, ama-legislators aseCalifornia kufuneka axhomeke ekuhlanguleni.
Babhala kwakhona icandelo lommiselo ukwenzela ukuba ngoku "akukho mntu okholo olufanelekileyo, nangengeniso yokuhlawulela, unika unyango okanye uncedo olungxamisekileyo okanye uncedo kwindawo yokuxakeka kwimeko engxamisekileyo uya kuba noxanduva lokulimala komntu ngenxa yeso senzo okanye ngaphezu kwesenzo okanye ukungabikho kokungabi nantoni okanye ukungaziphathi kakuhle. "
Inqununu yayifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu uyazi ukuba bafuna ukukhusela wonke umntu, "Injongo yeSigqeba ukukhuthaza abanye abantu ukuba bazinikele, ngaphandle kwembuyekezo, ukuncedisa abanye abanesidingo ngexesha loxakeka, ngelixa beqinisekisa ukuba loo mavolontiya anikezela ngononophelo okanye uncedo lwenze ngokufanelekileyo. "
Bakuphantse bayifumene.
Kubalulekile ukubonisa ukuba ukukhutshwa kokukhuselwa kwezenzo okanye ukushiya okungabonakaliyo okanye ukungaziphathi kakubi kubakho kuphela kwicandelwana elizinikezelwe kubadlali, oku kuthetha ukuba umhlanguli onokuthi unako ukutshutshiswa. Abantu abangabikho emsebenzini kunye noqeqesho lwezonyango, okanye ama-cops okanye abacimi bomlilo, bakhuselwe ngokupheleleyo phantsi kwesi siqulatho esitsha somthetho. Ngoko, ngokwenene, awukhuseli ngaphantsi eCalifornia ukuba awuqeqeshiwe kunokuba ukhona ugqirha okanye i-paramedic.
Ubuncinane bazama.