Njengoko isigulane, enye yezinto zakho ezimbi kunokuba yinto engalunganga ngexesha lakho unyango. Ukuba isiphumo esibi - isifo esitsha okanye ukulimala-kubangelwa ngongamela kwigqirha okanye omnye umsebenzi wezempilo, ihlelwa ngokuthi "iatrogenic."
Iziganeko ze-Iatrogenic azifaneki ngokuzithandela, nangona ababoneleli bezonyango bangabantu kunye neempazamo zenziwa.
Oku kunokubangela ukuba kube nzima ukuba imeko yezobugqirha ikhona okanye idale imicimbi yezempilo engahambelani nokugula oye wafuna unyango kwindawo yokuqala.
Kuthetha Njani Iatrogenic?
"Iatrogenic" ivela kwisiGrike. " Iatros " kuthetha ugqirha okanye umphilisi kunye " gennan " uthetha "ngenxa yoko." Ngoko ke, igama ngokwezwi lithetha ukuthi "ngenxa yogqirha."
Xa isiguli sifumana isifo esitsha okanye senzakaliswe ngenxa yeenkonzo ezinikezelwa ngumboneleli wezonyango, umphumo uthathwa ngokuba "iatrogenic." Iziganeko ze-Iatrogenic zingabangela ukuxilongwa okanye unyango. Zingakhokelela kwiingxaki zomzimba, iingqondo, okanye iingxaki okanye, kwezinye iimeko, kwanokufa.
Inqakrazo yenkcazo kukuba ingxaki entsha yezokwelapha iye yahluma ngenxa yezenzo zonyango lonyango. Okubalulekileyo, ithetha ukuba isiguli sasingeke sagula okanye sibuhlungu ukuba asizange sisebenze kunye nogqirha okanye ugqirha.
Inzakalo ye-irogenic ifomu yephulo lezonyango . Ezi mpazamo azize zenzelwe, okwenyani, kodwa azizona eziyingozi kumguli.
U mzekelo
Iziganeko ze-Iatrogenic zibangelwa naliphi na inani lezonyango okanye iimpazamo. Zingenzeka ngexesha lokuhlala esibhedlele okanye ukutyelela ngonyango rhoqo; akukho sizathu esinye, imeko yonyango, okanye imeko edibeneyo kwezi ziganeko.
Ukukunika ingcamango yento enokuchazwa njengempembelelo embi evela kunyango lwezonyango, nantsi imizekelo embalwa.
- Iatrogenesis iyakwenzeka xa isigulane sisifo ngenxa yokuba ugqirha okanye umongika akazange ahlambe izandla emva kokuthintela isigulane esedlule.
- Iphutha lokupakisha, njengokutshatyalaliswa kwesigulane ngesicatshulwa sokukhanda, ukususa intliziyo engafanelekanga, okanye ukutshintshwa kwegama elidlulileyo liya kuthathwa njenge-iatrogenic.
- Impikiswano yeziyobisi ezibhalwe, kodwa engaziwayo kummiselo iatrogenic.
- Ukuba unyango lwezengqondo lubangela ukugqithisa kwengqondo okanye i-neuroses yesigulane, kuya kuthathwa njenge-iatrogenic.
Ziyaphi iimeko eziqhelekileyo zeziganeko ze-Iatrogenic?
Kunzima ukubethela phantsi naziphi na iinkcukacha ze-iatrogenesis kwaye akukho mithombo emibini ingavuma. Iimanani ezixeliweyo azihlaziywa rhoqo okanye zihlala zijolise ekugxileni kubaswele kuzo zonke iziphumo ezimbi.
Ukuqhubekisa phambili izinto, izibhedlele zineenkqubo zokunika ingxelo ezikhoyo ukuqokelela imicimbi ye-irogenic. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwemithombo emininzi kwishishini, iziganeko ezininzi zichazwe. Izizathu zezi zinto ziyahluka.
Ngophando luka-2012 lwabaphathi bezibhedlele yi-Ofisi yoMhloli-Jikelele (i-OIG evela kwiSebe lezeMpilo kunye neNkonzo Zoluntu), iipesenti ezingama-86 zezo ganeko azizange zichazwe.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, abasebenzi basezibhedlele abazange babone njengokwenza okwenzakalisayo umguli ukuba avumele ingxelo.
Kwisifundo sangaphambili se-OIG, ingxelo ka-2010 yazama ukuqikelela iziganeko ezimbi ezifunyanwa ngabaxhamli be-Medicare. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ngo-Oktobha 2008, malunga neepesenti ezingama-13,5 zezi zi gulane "zenzeke iziganeko ezimbi ngexesha lokuhlala esibhedlele." Kulabo bahlalutyi bafumanisa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-44 "zicacile okanye zikhuselwe."
Ezi zifundo zincoma ukuba abalawuli bezibhedlele baphuculise iinkqubo zokunika ingxelo kwaye abanonophelo bahlale beqaphela izenzo zabo. Ukhuseleko luhlala luphambili kwiibhedlele kunye nokuqhubeka okusebenzayo ukuphucula la manani aphunyezwayo.
Njengomonde, zama ukuqonda unyango lwakho kwaye ubuze imibuzo ephakamileyo njengoko ufuna ukukhupha ingqondo yakho. Kwakhona, emva kweyiphi na inkqubo, qhubeka uqonda malunga nayiphi na imiphumo emibi kwaye ungaqhagamshelana nodokotela ngokukhawuleza ukuba uyaphawula nayiphi na into.
> Imithombo:
> Ofisi yoMphathi Jikelele. Iinkqubo zeNgxelo zeNkcazo zeZibhedlele Azikho ukuThatywa kweMpawu eziPheleleyo. " 2012 https://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-06-09-00091.pdf
> Ofisi yoMphathi Jikelele. Iziganeko ezimbi kwizibhedlele: Ingozi yeSizwe phakathi kwabaxhamli beMedare. " 2010. https://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-06-09-00090.pdf