Iindlela zokuKhusela esibhedlele Ukunciphisa iziPhene zonyango
Akukho mali yononophelo lwezokwelapha kwihlabathi kunokuphucula impilo kunye nemigangatho yobomi besigulane ukuba indlela yokunyamekela okanye imeko engaphephile. Imiba yokukhuselwa kwezibhedlele ibandakanya umngcipheko weephene zonyango kunye neziganeko ezimbi okanye iziganeko ezibi kakhulu.
Njengokuba sisisiseko sokufunda ukujonga iindlela zombini ngaphambi kokuwela esitrato, okanye ukubeka izikrini zakho phambi kokuba uphumelele, izikhokelo zokugcina izifo, ukukhangela kabini iziyobisi ngaphambi kokuba zilawulwe, kwanokuba zisuse okanye zisebenze kwicandelo elungileyo nxalenye.
ISigqeba soMgangatho weSizwe ngo-2006 sahlula i-28 kwezi mpazamo zezokwelapha waza wazibiza ngokuthi "akukho micimbi." Ziquka iimpazamo zokugonywa kunye nezixhobo, iimpazamo zamachiza, iimpazamo zokunakekelwa, amaphutha okusingqongileyo kunye neziganeko zobugebengu Iimpazamo ezibangelwa yi-nosocomial (ezifunyenwe esibhedlele) izifo azange ziluhlu.
Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva igama latshintshwa "ngaphandle kwezeziganeko" kwiimeko "ezibi kakhulu." Kodwa iphuzu lokwenene lihlala - akufanele lize lenzeke kwindawo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngenxa yokuba zibeke izigulane zengozi yokwenzakalo kwaye ngezinye izihlandlo ziyafa.
I-Institute of Medicine ngo-1999 yabika iziphumo zezifundo ezimbini zokhuseleko lwezigulane ezibonisa ukuba phakathi kwama-44,000 no-98,000 baseMerika bafa minyaka yonke ngenxa yeziphene zonyango kunye nokungazi kakuhle, ngenxa yeengxaki zokuphepha kwesigulane.
Phakathi kweziphene zonyango ezikhankanywe:
- Isibhedlele kunye noluntu lufumene izifo: Izigulane zezibhedlele zingahlakulela izifo ezifana ne-MRSA okanye iClostridium difficile , okwenza izigulane kunye nokunyanga kwabo kube nzima. Abantu abasemngciphekweni yilabo abanamasosha omzimba athathaka. Oku kubandakanya abantu abanesilonda esivulekileyo ukulimala okanye ukuhlinzwa, abo bafuna i-catheters yokuhambisa amanzi okanye ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi, okanye asebekhulile abanesistim esingaqineki njengokuba bebakho. Ezinye izifo zibizwa ngokuthi "i-superbugs" kuba ziye zaguquka ngaphaya kwamandla okubulawa (ezatshatyalaliswa) ngamayeza akhoyo.
- Iiphoso zokusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa: Ukususela kwiingxaki ukutolika ngumbhalo wodokotela kwisigqirha, iimpazamo ekuguquleleni kwiprosemisi, kwiingxaki zokulawula kunye nemilinganiselo, ixesha elifanelekileyo okanye indlela yokulawula, kumagama amaninzi amaninzi afanayo kunye nokudideka, iziphene zezilwanyana ngenxa yeenkulungwane ukufa ngonyaka.
- Iiposiso zokuphanda: Ukuhlinzwa okungalunganga kwendawo kunye nesifo sengqondo esinezigulane kubandakanya ubuninzi beephene zokupasa. Olunye utyando alusebenzi kunye nodokotela ogqirha okanye isigulane sifuna, kodwa akufani nento ehamba phambili, eyenza iphutha. Uphando oluqhutywe ngemithombo yentsholongwane kwimisebenzi efana ne-cauterizing inokubangelwa nemililo.
- Enye imithombo yeengxaki zokhuseleko lwesigulane kubangelwa ukuwa, ababoneleli abangahlali kakuhle, kunye nezinye izizathu. Oku kungabizwa nangokuthi "iatrogenic." Fumana uluhlu lweentloko zezo ziganeko, iziganeko ezimbi okanye iziganeko ezibi kakhulu .
Ezi zonyango zokukhuselwa komzimba ziyakwenzeka nakweyiphi na indawo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezivela kwiiofisi zonyango, izibhedlele, amaziko ophulo-mthetho, amaziko okunakekelwa kwexesha elide kunye neelabhu yokukhubazeka. Kwaye ngokuba oogqirha kunye nabanye ababoneleli bathatha ixesha elifutshane kunye nesigulane, abanakuze babalwe ukuba bahlale bekhuselekileyo kwimeko yezempilo.
Ngaphandle kokuba sikwazi ukuxhomekeka kubanikezeli ukusigcina sikhuselekile, izigulane kunye nabanakekeli babo kufuneka benze umgudu wokuzikhusela kwiimpazamo zonyango ezingakhokelela ekufeni okanye ekudakaliseni.