Abantwana basebenzisa ubuninzi beeveki zabo zokuvusa ngeveki esikolweni ngoko kubalulekile ukuba izikolo zibe yinxalenye yokulwa nokunyanya komntwana. Ngaphandle koko, banokugqiba ukufundisa abantwana izifundo ezingalunganga malunga nokunyamekela impilo yabo okanye ukunciphisa ukutya okunempilo nokuzilolonga abazali bazama ukufaka abantwana babo. Kwisifundo sokulandelela ubunzima kunye nokuziphatha kwabantwana abancinane abafumana imali kwi-kindergarten ukuya ku-8 kwibanga (ngo-2007), abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba amantombazana atya ukutya kwesidlo sasesikolweni ahlala ephethe amanqaku angaphezu kwe-70 ephakamileyo emzimbeni (BMI). amantombazana ahlala esidla izidlo zesikolo babe ne-BMI ephezulu .65.
Ngokwahlukileyo, abafana abaye bathatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yesikolo babe ne-BMI eyayingu -55 engaphantsi koontanga.
Ngethamsanqa, imigangatho emitsha yezidlo zesikolo kunye neziphakamiso zomsebenzi wenyama ziqala ukuhambisa izinto ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ukuphononongwa kwangoku kwenkqubo yophando olwenziwe ezikolweni e-US nakwamanye amazwe kufumene ukuba ukungenelela okunempilo ezikolweni kuhambelana nezinguqu ezintle kwi-BMI yabantwana, amazinga omsebenzi womzimba, ulwazi lokutya, kunye nokuphucula ukuziphatha kwabo. Amanyathelo atshintsho ahlukeneyo ngokubanzi kumxholo, okubonisa ukuba indlela yokulinganisa enye ifane ayikho imfuneko yokwenza impembelelo emihle. Izicwangciso eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukunikela ngeeseshoni zokufundisa, imidlalo yezemfundo (ezifana neziqhamo kunye nemifuno yebingo) kunye neeklasi zokupheka; ukubonelela ngegadi kunye nezikhundla zokusondeza ukutya okunempilo; ukuphucula umgangatho wondlo lwezinto zokutya zesikolo; kunye nokukhuthaza imisebenzi emzimbeni.
Ukulungisa iSikolo seZiko lokutya
Amaziko okuLawula nokuLawulwa kweMilwelwe esandula ukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza ukukhuthaza ukutya okunempilo kunye nokusebenza ngokomzimba ezikolweni, kunye nenjongo yokugcina ukukhuluphala kunye nezifo ezingapheliyo. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukulungelelanisa nokuvavanya ukutya okunempilo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yomsebenzi kunye nezenzo;
- Ukudala indawo enika ukufikelela kokutya okunempilo kunye namathuba omsebenzi womzimba kunye nokukhuthaza umfanekiso womzimba ophilileyo phakathi kwabafundi kunye nabasebenzi;
- Ukubonelela ngeenkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokutya zesikolo ezihambelana nezikhokelo zeZondlo zamaMerika ;
- Ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo epheleleyo yemfundo (PE) kunye namathuba abantwana ukuba bahlanganyele emsebenzini ongaphandle kwiplasi ye-PE;
- Ukuqalisa inkqubo yemfundo yempilo ekhuthaza ukutya okunempilo kunye namaphetheni omsebenzi womzimba; kwaye
- Ukubonelela ngeengcebiso kunye nezinye izibonelelo kubafundi abanezempilo, impilo yengqondo kunye nezidingo ezinxulumene nezondlo.
Ngokuya ekudleni kwesikolo, ukuhamba kweemfuno zokutya ezivela kwi-USDA ukucela izikolo ukuba ziqinisekise ukuba abantwana banikezwa iziqhamo kunye nemifuno imihla ngemihla, ukutya okuninzi okuvelisa ukutya okuziinkozo, kunye ne-milk-free or free fat-fat, kunye kuquka amafutha amaninzi amaninzi, amafutha atshintshe, i-sodium, kunye neekhalori ezipheleleyo kwizikolo ezilungiselelwe izikolo.
Ukwenza olu tshintsho lunokunceda umzamo wokukhusela umthamo. Uphando lufumene ukuba abantwana abaya esikolweni ngaphandle kokugcina izikolo okanye i-snack bars baqikelelwa ukuba badle ii-korikhi ezingama-22 ukuya kuma-26 ngosuku ngemiphunga etyhukile; Abantwana besikolo esikolweni esiphakathi kwezikolo abangabanikeli amafries aseFransi ekudleni badla iikhiloli ezingama-43 ngosuku, ngelixa abafundi besikolo esiphakamileyo izikolo zabo ezinganiki i-sugar-sweetened drinks zidla iikhiloli ezingama-41 ngosuku.
Zonke ezo zinguqu zinokuthi zongeze ukunciphisa i-calorie yokudla, enokukunceda ekusebenzeni imizamo yokulawula ubunzima.
Ukufumana ngakumbi iMzimba eSikolweni
Iinkqubo ezandisa umsebenzi wokwenza umsebenzi ngexesha lomhla wesikolo unokwenza umehluko. Uphando olutshanje lufumene ukuhluka kweepesenti ezingama-4.2 kwiimpawu ze-BMI phakathi kwabantwana bezikolo eziziiprayimari ezivela kwizikolo ezahlukahlukeneyo kwaye kugqiba ukuba inxalenye ebalulekileyo yolu hlobo luya kuchazwa ngokwahlukileyo kwiinkqubo zemfundo yempilo.
Ukunyusa ukunyuka komhla kwinqanaba le-school kunokuba nempembelelo emihle kwimigangatho yemisebenzi yabantwana kwaye mhlawumbi ubunzima bayo.
Kwiphando elibandakanya izikolo zesikolo zaseburhulumenteni zikarhulumente ezingama-25 zaseNew York, abaphandi baqhathanisa nemiphumo yeProgram yokuphucula iRessess (REP), apho abaqeqeshi bakhokela abantwana ngokudlala imidlalo efanelekileyo ukuze banyuse imisebenzi yabo, kunye nemisebenzi eqhelekileyo yokwenza umsebenzi. Isantya somsebenzi wokuzikhandla ngamandla sasingama-52 ekhulwini ephakamileyo kwizikolo ze-REP-kwaye abantwana baqhubeka bebandakanya ukunyakaza okukhulu nangona umqeqeshi engazange ajikeleze, okubonisa ukuba utshintsho oluhlala njalo.
Ukwandisa iiklasi ze-PE zinganceda. Kuhlolisiso olubandakanya abantwana abangaphezu kwesisindo esiphakathi-esikolweni, abaphandi eYunivesithi yaseWisconsin babela abantwana ukuba babe nokugxilwa kwezinto zokuphila, abaxhomekeke emzimbeni, okanye i-gym standard kwiinyanga ezili-9. Ekupheleni kwenkqubo, abo beklasini ejoliswe emzimbeni balahlekelwa ngamaninzi omzimba kwaye bafumana ukuqina komzimba kunye nokuphucula okukhulu ekuzileni kwabo kwe-insulin ngaphezu kwamaqela kwamanye amaqela.
Ekugqibeleni, ukuba izikolo zinokubambisana nabazali kunye namagqirha ekulwa nokunyanya komntwana, siya kuba nethuba elingcono lokuwulwa kwemfazwe. Ukuba isikolo somntwana wakho singakabonakali nokutya okunempilo, iinkqubo zemfundo yokutya, ukwenziwa komsebenzi omkhulu, kunye neminye imisebenzi yokukhuthaza impilo, khuthaza iPTA yakho ukuba ihlanganyele ekwenzeni kwenzeke.
Imithombo:
Briefel RR, Crepinsek MK, Cabili C, Wilson A, Gleason PM. Indawo yokutya yeSikolo kunye nezenzo zichaphazela ukuziphatha kokutya kwabantwana base-United States esikolweni. Umbhalo we-American Dietetic Association, ngoFebruwari 2009 [Kufumaneka kwi-intanethi ngoSeptemba 14, 2014]; 109 (2 Suppl): S91-107.
UCarrel AL, u-Clark RR, uPetererson SE, uNemeth BA, uSullivan J, u-Allen DB. Ukuphucula ukufaneleka, ukubunjwa komzimba, kunye novelwano lwe-insulin kubantwana abangaphezu kwesisindo kwiprogram yokusetyenziswa kwesifundo esikolweni: isifundo esingahleliwe, esilawulwayo. Ii-Archives ze-Pediatrics & Medicine ye-Adolescent, ngo-Oktobha 2005 [Kufumaneka kwi-intanethi ngoSeptemba 14, 2014]; 159 (10): 963-8.
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. Ukondla, Umsebenzi oPhezulu kunye nobutyebi: Izikhokelo zezeMpilo zeSikolo zokuKhuthaza ukutya okunempilo kunye nomsebenzi wokwenza umsebenzi. Kufumaneka kwi-intanethi ngoSeptemba 14, 2014.
I-JJ J, uLudwig D. Ukwandisa umsebenzi wabantwana ngexesha lokudlulela esikolweni. Umbhalo waseMelika weMpilo kaRhulumente, ngoJulayi 2013 [Kufumaneka kwi-intanethi ngoSeptemba 14, 2014]; 103 (7): 1229-34.
Ickes MJ, McMullen J, Haider T, Ulungelelwaniso lwe-Childhood-Based Abbesity -Based Manjo S .. I-International Journal yoPhando lweNdalo kunye neMpilo kaRhulumente, ngo-2014 [Kufumaneka kwi-intanethi ngoSeptemba 14, 2014]; 11 (9): 8940-8961.
I-Pallan MJ, u-Adab P, iSitch AJ, i-Aveyard P. Ngaba iimpawu zomsebenzi zesikolweni ezichaphazelekayo nesimo sobunzima kubantwana besikolo esiprayimari? Uhlalutyo lwamanqaku ahlukeneyo olwahlulo lweenkcukacha zohlolo oluqhelekileyo. IiNqoloba zeZifo ebuntwaneni, ngoFebruwari 2014 [Kufumaneka kwi-intanethi ngoSeptemba 14, 2014]; 99 (2): 135-41.
Ibali M, Nanney MS, Schwartz MB. Izikolo kunye nokuthintela ukunyamezela: ukudala imimandla yesikolo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokukhuthaza ukutya okunempilo kunye nomsebenzi wokwenyama. UMilbank Q, ngoMatshi 2009 [Kufakwa kwi-intanethi ngoSeptemba 14, 2014]; 87 (1): 71-100.
I-USDA, iSidlo seSikolo: IiNkqubo zoLondlo lwaBantwana. Kufumaneka kwi-intanethi ngoSeptemba 14, 2014.
IVericker TC. Ukutya okuhlobene nezikolo kunye nokuziphatha komzimba kuhambelana nomlinganiselo wembumba. Umbhalo we-Academy of Nutrition kunye neDietetics, ngoFebhuwari 2014 [Kufumaneka kwi-intanethi ngoSeptemba 14, 2014]; 114 (2): 250-6.