Funda nge-Knee Joint Anatomy
Ixolo elihlangeneyo liyingxenye yomgca ophantsi . Yimbambano yentambo kunye nomlenze, kwaye inxube yexhefu. I-joint joint igoba ngaphaya nangaphandle kwelinye iqhekeza (ngokungafani nomxhasi webhola kunye ne-socket ye-hip). Ixolo elihlangeneyo lenzakaliswe. Ukuqonda indlela eqhelekileyo yokufunda ngayo idolo inokukunceda uqonde iimeko ezibangele iingxaki zamadolo .
Amabhondi Aphezu KwamaKnee
Kukho amathambo amathathu ahlangana ndawonye emadolweni. I-bone ye-bone (tibia), ithambo lesithanga (femur), kunye ne-kneecap (i-patella) yizona zibalulekileyo ezibalulekileyo zedolo. I bone lesine, i-fibula, lisekufuphi kwesifuba shin (tibia) kunye nexolo elihlangeneyo, kwaye linokudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiimeko ezithile zamadolo.
I-tibia, i-femur, kunye ne-patella, zonke zihlanganiswe ngogqabha oluqhekekileyo lwe-cartilage (jonga ngezantsi) apho badibana khona emadolweni. Kwakhona ithambo elincinci elibizwa ngokuthi i-fabella, edlalwa ngasemva kwexolo. Uhlobo lwesithambo elibizwa ngokuba ithambo le-samoid (elisentsingiselo lihleli ngaphakathi kwethenda), i-fabella ayinayo imiphumo encinci kumsebenzi wexolo. Itholakala kwi-25% yabemi.
I-Cartilage ye-Knee
Kukho ezimbini iintlobo ze-cartilage zedolo. I- carticlage ye- Articular iyinxalenye ebhelelekileyo ehlanganisa ukuphela kwethambo.
Xa i-cartilage ehamba phambili igugile, i- knee arthritis yiphumo. I-cartilage isakhiwo esixhasayo esichasa umonakalo, kodwa xa salimala kunzima ukuphilisa.
Olunye uhlobo lwe-cartilage ehlanganiseni ngamadolo lubizwa ngokuthi i-meniscus. Xa abantu bethetha ' ngeenyawo zezinyembezi ,' ngokuqhelekileyo babhekisela kwi- meniscus .
I-meniscus yinkxalabo ephazamisayo ehleli phakathi kokuphela kwethambo lethanga kunye ne-top shin bone.
IiLigaments of the Knee
IiLigamente zakhiwo ezidibanisa amathambo amabini ndawonye. Kukho iimbombo ezine ezinkulu ezijikeleze idolo. Ezi zibini zale mijelo ziphakathi kwendibano, kwaye ziwela. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yimigxobhozo ebalulekileyo , kwaye iqulethwe yimizila engaphambili yomhlaba , kunye ne- posterior cruciate ligament .
Omnye ugxininisa kwicala ngalinye lamadolo; i -collateral ligalalal ligament kwicala elingaphakathi, kunye ne- colalateral colalateral ligament ngasecaleni. Ukulimala kwe-Ligament kubangelwa izikhalazo zokungazinzi kwamadolo.
Imisipha kunye neeTendons ezijikeleze iKnee
Imisipha iqhubela phambili emadolweni. Ithenda idibanisa i-muscle ibe ithambo. Xa izivumelwano zesikhumba, iintambo zithathwa, kwaye ithambo liyasuswa. Ixolo elidityaniswe kakhulu lichaphazeleka kakhulu ngamaqela amabini amaninzi. Izihlunu ze-quadriceps zinikeza amandla kunye namandla ngamadolo okwandisa (ukuqondisa) kunye nezihlunu zentambo zivumela amandla kunye namandla kwi- flexion (ukugoba). Ithenda ye-patellar phambi kwamadolo inxalenye yendlela ye-quadriceps.
Ezinye iintlobo ezincinci kunye neentoni zizungeze ixolo kunye.
Synovium kunye neSynovial Fluid
I synovium yimbane yendawo edibeneyo. I synovium liluhlu lweethambo ezichaza indawo edibeneyo. Amaseli e-synovial akhiqiza i-flux, i-viscous fluid ebizwa ngokuba yi-synovial fluid ngaphakathi. Ngeemeko ezibangela ukuvuvukala kokubambisana, kunokufumaneka ubuninzi be-synovial fluid eveliswayo, ekhokelela ekuvupheni kwamadolo.