Ukuqonda iMammogram okanye i-Ultrasound Report
Iyiphi impawu ye-BIRADS ye-mammogram kwaye ithetha ntoni?
Ngenani elikhulu lemimmori eyenziwe kulo lonke ilizwe, izazi ze-radiologists zithemba ukufumana indlela yokumisa nokuqhathanisa imimmogram. Ekubeni ama-mammograms enziwe kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo kwaye zifundwa ngabakwa-radiologists abahlukeneyo, bonke abasebenzisa iinkcazo ezahlukeneyo kunye neelumagama, ukuthelekisa kunokuba nzima kumncinci.
Ukuze sifunde ukulungelelaniswa phakathi kokufunyaniswa kwamathambo kunye nomngcipheko wesifo somhlaza webele, sasidinga indlela yokuthelekisa imifanekiso yamagrogram eyenziwa kwinani elikhulu labasetyhini. Ingxelo yokuBaliswa kokuBoniswa kweBesti kunye neNkqubo yeDatha (i-BIRADS) yimpendulo kulokhu kungabikho kolwazi olungaguqukiyo nolulinganiswayo.
Ukuba unayo i-mammogram kwaye wanikwa isikolo sakho seBIRAD unokuba uzibuza ukuba kuthetha ukuthini. Makhe sijonge kwiindidi ezithandathu ezahlukileyo, kwaye yiyiphi into enokuthi ithetha kuwe ngokusekelwe kwizifundo ezikhangele inani elikhulu labasetyhini.
UkuBaliswa kokuBaliswa koBusiso kunye neNkqubo yeDatha (i-BIRADS) -Ukucacisa
Ingxelo yakho yezilwanyana iquka iinkcukacha ezininzi zobugcisa kuquka naluphina iziphumo kunye nenkcazo yezinto ezingaqhelekanga. Inxalenye enye kwingxelo yakho iya kukubonisa ukuBaliswa kokuBaliswa koBugcisa kunye neNkqubo yeDatha (BIRADS).
Ibakala lakho le-BIRADS linombolo phakathi kweyodwa neyesithandathu ebonisa imbono ye-radiologist ngokungabikho okanye ukuvela komhlaza wesifuba.
Siza kuxubusha ukuba zeziphi iinombolo ezahlukeneyo zithetha ngezansi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngeziphumo zakho kunye nogqirha wakho. Iziphumo zesifuba asinakuhlala zihlulwe kwicandelo elinye lesithandathu kwaye kubalulekile ukuva oko akucingayo ngawe ngokuthe ngqo, kunokuba uvale inombolo.
Amanqaku akho, ke, anokunika ingcamango malunga nokuxilongwa kwakho kunye nokhetho lwezokwelapha.
I-BIRADS yaphuhliswa yi-American College of Radiologists njengomlinganiselo othelekileyo wokulinganisela iimmmgram kunye ne- breast ultrasound images . Ibeka uluhlu lweNqanaba lokuSigxeka (i-LOS) -ukuthi unomdlavuza wesibele .
Ukufumana iziphumo zeMammogram kunye neBIRAD Score
Emva kwe-mammogram okanye i-breast ultrasound, i-radiologist izakufunda umfanekiso kwaye ubhale ingxelo, unike izimvo kwimpilo yakho yebele.
Abantu abaninzi bacinga ngamagmograms njengenxalenye yeengxelo. Akunjalo njengoko kunokubonwa kwisigaba esingezantsi, kwaye kukho ezininzi phakathi kweendawo okanye ezimpunga ezifumaneka kwiimmogram kunye ne-ultrasounds. Ukuba ube ngummeli wakho kwinkathalo yakho yezempilo kubalulekile ukuba bobabini nifumane ikopi yeziphumo zenu, nixoxe ngokucacileyo oko kuthethwa yi-mammogram yakho kunye nogqirha wakho kunye / okanye i-radiologist.
Iintsingiselo zeBIRAD izikolo
Isiphumo seBIRAD siza kukunika inombolo phakathi kwe-0 no-6 apho kufumaneka khona ukufunyaniswa kwi-mammogram yakho, kodwa oko kuthetha ntoni kuwe?
- Amanqaku a-0: Amanqaku e-0 ayithethi ukuba akukho ziphumo zokukhathazeka. Endaweni yoko kuthetha ukuba i-ultrasound yakho okanye i-mammogram ayikwazi ukufundwa ngaphandle kokucaciswa okuthe xaxa okanye iimvavanyo zokucinga.
- Izikolo ezi-1 ukuya ku-2: Izikolo 1 okanye 2 ngokuyisiseko "bajonga kakuhle" kwaye bachaze iingxelo apho kungabonakali nto engavamile, okanye ukuba nayiphi na into engaqhelekanga ibonwa yi-radiologist ibonakala yimeko yebele. Oku akuthethi ukuba awukho emngciphekweni wesifo somhlaza okanye ungeke ube nomhlaza wesifuba. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba umdlavuza webele unokuba ne-mammogram eqhelekileyo, kwaye oku kwenzekayo kungekhona. Ukuba ngaba amanqaku akho e-mammogram akweli candelo, kusabalulekile ukuba uvavanyo lwebele lweklinikhi ngexesha eliqhelekileyo lenziwa nguwe kunye nodokotela wakho. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukulandelela naluphi na ukungaqhelekanga ozihlolisayo kwiimviwo zokuzifuba. Olunye uvavanyo, olunjengebele lwe- MRI okanye i-biopsy yebele iyafuneka nangona ukuba isikolo sakho se-BIRAD sine-1 okanye-2 ukuba unayo nayiphi na impawu okanye ukukhathazeka (njengokwakheka komzimba kwisifo somhlaza).
- Amanqaku amathathu ukuya ku-5: Amanqaku angaphezu kwe-3 athetha ukuba uya kufuna uhlobo olulandelayo lokulandelelana. Oku kungabandakanya iimboniso ezongezelelweyo, i-breast ultrasound, i-MRI yebele, uhlobo lwebele lwebele , okanye udibaniso lwale mvavanyo okanye abanye.
- Amanqaku angama-6: Amanqaku angama-6 anikwe kuphela emva kokuba i-biopsy ihlolwe kwaye ifunyanwe ngumhlaza. Kule meko, kuya kufuneka ukuba unyango luyafuneka.
UKUBHALA KWEBIRADS:
Izigaba ezichazwe apha zichazwe apha, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwitheyibhile engezantsi ukuze ubone ngolu hlobo.
Iqendu 0: Akugqibekanga
I-mammogram yakho okanye i-ultrasound ayizange inike i-radiologist ulwazi olwaneleyo ukwenzela ukucaca ngokucacileyo. Oku akuthethi ukuba ugqirha wakho ukhathazekile ngomhlaza webele. Kungenzeka ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lubonakalisa izicubu ezibomvu kwi-biopsy yangaphambili okanye utyando okanye ukuba isifuba sesifuba esinkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba sivelelwe lula asiyikucinga ngokucacileyo. Uya kufuneka ube nomfanekiso wokulandelela owenziweyo.
Udidi 1: oluqhelekileyo
Akukho zihlwele ezinokukrokra okanye izibalo zokubika kwaye izicubu zakho zibukeka ziphilile.
Udidi lwe-2: I-Benign okanye Negative
Amabele anesayizi esifanayo kunye nesimo kunye nezicubu zibukeka ziqhelekileyo. Naliphi na i-cysts, fibroadenomas , okanye ezinye iindawo ezibonakalayo zinobungqina.
Udidi lwesithathu: Mhlawumbi ungene
Akukho zilonda ezinokukrokra, izihlwele, okanye izibalo zokubika, kodwa ukulandelelana ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mhlaza okhoyo unconywayo. Oku kunokufuneka ukuba i-radiologist yakho ingenaso isiseko sakho okanye i-mammogram yangaphambili ukuthelekisa.
Udidi 4: Mhlawumbi lubi
Kukho izilonda ezinokukrokra, izihlwele, okanye izibalo ukunika ingxelo kunye nesifuba sebele iyanconywa ukukhangela indawo esolisayo.
Iqendu 5: Okubi
Kukho izihlwele ezinokubonakala komhlaza. I-biopsy inconywa ukuba yenze i-diagnostic echanekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba nangona eli candelo "libi" kukho izihlwele ezinokubonakala ngathi ngumhlaza kodwa ezihambelana nenkqubo yobuncwane esikhundleni. Imiqathango efana ne- adenosis , i- necrosis ye-fat , i- scal radial , i-mastitis, kunye nokunye ngamanye amaxesha ingamlinganisa umdlavuza kwi-mammogram.
Isigaba 6: Izicubu ezinobungozi : Isigaba 6 sisetyenziselwa kuphela ukuba iifunu ezivela kwi-biopsy zihlolwe kwaye zifunyanwe zibe nomhlaza. Ukuba ngaba kunjalo, unyango olunjengokuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, kunye / okanye i-radiation iyadingeka.
BIRADS Iziqendu Iibhuli
| Udidi | Ukuxilongwa | Inani leCriteria |
| 0 | Ngagqibekanga | I-mammogram yakho okanye i-ultrasound ayizange inike i-radiologist ulwazi olwaneleyo ukwenzela ukucaca ngokucacileyo; ukucinga ngokulandelelana kuyimfuneko |
| 1 | Ukungalungi | Akukho nto yokuphendula ngayo; ukuhlolwa kwenkqubo rhoqo |
| 2 | Benign | Ukufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo; ukuhlolwa kwenkqubo rhoqo |
| 3 | Mhlawumbi uBinign | Iziphumo ezinokubakho okuphakamileyo okuba yi-benign (> 98 ekhulwini); ukulandelelana kwexesha elifutshane leenyanga ezintandathu |
| 4 | Ukungabikho kokungaqhelekanga | Ayikho impawu zesifo somhlaza wesisu, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba unobungozi (3 ukuya kuma-94 ekhulwini); i-biopsy kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo |
| 5 | Uphakame ngokusisigxina seMalignancy | I-Lesion enokuphakanyiswa okuphezulu kokungabi nendawo (> = = 95 ekhulwini); ukuthatha inyathelo elifanelekileyo |
| 6 | Uyaziwa yi-Biopsy Proven Malignancy | Izilonda ezibizwa ngokuba zibi kakhulu ezicatshulwa phambi kokunyanga okuthe ngqo; qi niseka ukuba unyango lugqityiwe |
Imilinganiselo yeBIRAD Score
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba amanqaku akho e-BIRADS ayithathi indawo yakho ngogqirha okanye kwii-radiologist ingcinga malunga ne-mammogram yakho, i-ultrasound, ezinye iimvavanyo, okanye iziphumo kwi-klinikhi yovavanyo. Ezinye iziphumo aziyi kuhambelana ngokufanelekileyo kwiindidi ezikhankanywe ngasentla, kwaye nakwiigaba, kunokukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeziphumo. Kwabesetyhini abaselula, ngakumbi abantwana, nabantwana abaselula, amanqaku eBIRADS azinakuthenjwa
Ngaphantsi kwinqanaba lakho leBIRADS
Isikolo sakho seBIRADS kwi-mammogram yakho kunye / okanye i-ultrasound ihlahliwe kwiinqanaba ezintandathu ngokusekelwe kwimeko yokufumana iziphumo zokuba ngumhlaza wesibele. Eli nqanaba linokuba luncedo ekuqikeleleni ukuxilongwa kwakho kunye nonyango, kodwa kufuneka kusetyenziswe rhoqo kunye nengxoxo kunye nodokotela kunye / okanye i-radiologist. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukufunyaniswa kwi-mammogram okanye i-ultrasound yedwa ayikwazi ukubona ukuba umhlaza ukhona. Ngamanye amaxesha iintsholongwane ziphoswe kwi-mammogram, kwaye ngokuthe ngqo, ezinye iziphumo ezibonakala ngathi ngumhlaza zingase zibe zizinzi. Ukuvavanywa okuqhubekayo, nokuba ngaba i-MRI okanye i-biopsy yamabele ingadingeka kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi imilinganiselo yakho isekelwe kwimpawu kunye nembali yentsapho.
> Imithombo:
> John's Hopkins Medicine. UkuBoniswa Kwentlungu, UkuBika, kunye neNkqubo yeDatha (BIRADS). https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/breast_center/treatments_services/breast_cancer_screening/digital_mammography/breast_imaging_reporting_data_system.html
> Koning, J., Davenport, K., Poole, P., Kruk, P., noJ. Grabowski. Ubume bokuBonakalisa-UkuBaliswa kunye neNkqubo yeDatha (i-BIRADS) Ukwahlulelwa kwi-51 e-Exclusive Palpable Pediatric Breast Masses. Umbhalo we-American College of Surgeons . 2014. 219 (3): S78-S79.