Isibonakaliso sokuguqa ngamadolo sivame kakhulu ngenxa yengozi yegament . Amadolo aqhutywe kunye nemigudu, izakhiwo ezidibanisa amathambo amabini. Kukho ezine ezinkulu kunye nezisekondari. Uvakalelo lokungazinzi-ukuvakalelwa kwamadolo akho ukuphawula-kubakho ngenxa yokulimala okungenani omnye kubo, okukhokelela ekutheni amathambo angabanjwa ngokukhawuleza kwimeko.
Ngokuqhelekileyo iimpawu zokungazinzi kwamadolo ziphawulwe ngokunyakaza okanye ukuhamba. Oku kungenzeka kwimisebenzi yezemidlalo okanye nokuba yenzeke ngemisebenzi elula, njengokuguqula idolo ukuze ungene nasemotweni.
Iintlobo zeeLigament
Ukulimala kwe-Ligament kubonakala ngokubakho ngenxa yokulimala ngokukhawuleza apho idolo liguqa okanye linyanzeliswa ngokungahambi kakuhle. Xa i-ligament yalimala, inokuthi ikhethiwe okanye ihlulwe ngokupheleleyo. Oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa inkcazo "yokubamba" ukulimala kwegilament, nangona inyaniso kukuba iigamente zenzakaliswa kwinani elingenamkhawulo.
Ukulimala kubangelwa ukukrazula okukhulu ngaphakathi kwegigament ukugqiba iinyembezi zegigament ezingenakho ukuphilisa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Njengoko unokulindela, iinyembezi ezincinci zivame ukuphulukisa ngamanyathelo athile, apho kukho ukulimala okukhulu kunokuba kufuna ukunyanga okungakumbi.
Ezinye zezinto ezixhaphakileyo zentlungu zibandakanya:
- Izinyembezi zangaphambili ze-Ligament (ACL) Iinyembezi : I-ACL iphambili phakathi kweedolo, kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu ekuxhaseni umdibaniselwano kunye nokuhamba kunye nokujikeleza. I-ACL ixhatshazwa ngokukhawuleza ngokutshintshwa kweso sihlandlo kwiimeko ezingekho phantsi koxinzelelo. Abantu abanomsizi we-ACL bahlala bekhalaza ukuba amadolo abo aguqa okanye bafuna ukukhupha xa bezitshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Izinyembezi ezininzi ze-ACL zidinga ukuhlinzwa.
- Iindlebe zeLigament (Collateral Ligament) (i-MCL) Iinyembezi : I-MCL ingaphantsi kwexolo kunye nokuvimbela amadolo ukuba avulwe kakhulu ngaphakathi. Iinyembezi ze-MCL zixhaphake kakhulu xa idolo libethelwa ngaphandle, luchukumisa icala langaphakathi lamadolo. Izinyembezi ezininzi ze-MCL ziyakwazi ukuphilisa ngonyango olungenalo unyango.
- I-Ligament ye-Ligament (PostLicate) yesiLigament (I-PCL) Iinyembezi : Iiphambano ze-PCL phezu kwe-ACL kwaye zivimbela phambili ukutshintshwa kwesifo se-bone. I-PCL ixhatshazwa ngokuwela nokuhla ngqo ngqo phambi kwamadolo. Iinyembezi ze-PCL zingaphathwa ngokunyanga ngonyango ngaphandle kokulimala, kodwa zixhaphazwa ngokugqithiseleyo xa zidibene nezinye ukulimala.
Ngalunye lwale nzakala yokulimala kungenza ukuba idolo liziva lingaqinisekanga kunye nevakalelo lokuba idolo liya kuxhomekeka.
Izizathu ezingenziLigament ze-Instability
Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba abantu bafumane iimpawu zokungazinzi ngokuzilimala okubangelwa ukuba buhlungu emadolweni . Ngokuqhelekileyo umzimba uyazikhusela kwiintlungu kunye nokunyakaza okungazibandakanyi. Oku kunokuba 'kuve' njengokuba idolo lifuna ukukhupha, elibangela ukungazinzi, kodwa akubanga ngenxa yengozi yegament njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla.
Indlela efanelekileyo yokuchazela umahluko phakathi kokungazinzi okubangelwa yingozi yelamentament, ngokubhekiselele kwintlungu yokungazinzi, kukuguqulwa ngamadolo enogqirha. Kukho iimvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuchonga umsebenzi wegilament nganye. Ngokomzekelo, uvavanyo lukaLachman lusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ingxowankulu engaphambili.
Unyango lweNkcazo
Kukho zombini unyango kunye nophenyo olungapheliyo lokuguquka kwamadolo. Ezi zinokubandakanya ulwaphulo lwezonyango ukuqinisa izihlunu ngeenxa yokuguqa ngamadolo kunye neendolo zokuguqa ukuxhaswa kangcono emadolweni. Iingonyango zonyango ngokubanzi zibandakanya ukulungisa okanye ukuvuselela umzila owonakele ukubuyisela isakhiwo esifanelekileyo sexolo. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe- ligament reconstruction yi-ACL izinyembezi .
ILizwi
Ukungazinzi kanyame ngokuqhelekileyo kuvakalelwa. Ngokukhawuleza ukuyilungisa, bhetele uza kuziva. Ukuba ulingeka ukuba "usebenze nayo" kuba unenkxalabo malunga nokunyanga okungenayo, khumbula ukuba akukho nto iya kunyanzeliswa kuwe. Yiba nengxoxo kunye nogqirha wakho malunga nenketho yokwenza unyango engcono kuwe kwaye ukhethe enye eyenza ingqiqo.
> Imithombo:
> D'Lima DD1, uColwell CW. Iimvavanyo zengxubevange kunye nezixhobo zokuhlola ukuzinza "J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2017 Feb; 25 I-Suppl 1: S29-S32.