Indlela i-Optic Nerve Inflammation inokuphazamisa i-Reflex yabafundi
Iingxaki zembono ziqhelekileyo kwi- multiple sclerosis (MS) , ebangelwa umonakalo ovuzayo kwi-nertic optic. Enye yeempawu ezincinci eyaziwayo yinto eyaziwa ngokuba ngumfundi waseMarcus Gunn apho umfundi engaphumeleli ukuba athathwe (kuncinci) njengoko kufanelekile xa kukhanya kukhanya kuyo.
Umfundi kaMarcus Gunn akanakunqandeka okanye uyothuswa ukuba awukwazi ukuba kwenzekani.
Kwezinye iimeko, le meko ingabonwa kuphela xa ugqirha okanye ophthalmologist enza uvavanyo lwamehlo rhoqo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokubonakala xa ukhangela kwisibuko okanye uqaphele ngabanye, ingakumbi ukuba unamehlo alula.
Ngoxa uMarcus Gunn umfundi engaqhelekanga yedwa uchaza impawu ze-MS, kukho imeko apho iya kubonakala kunye nezinye iingxaki zembono njengempawu zokuqala zesifo.
Isizathu sikaMarcus Gunn Pupil
Umfundi waseMarcus Gunn (owaziwa ngokuba ngumntu onxulumene nesiphene, okanye i-RAPD) esenzekayo xa kwenzeka umzila wamanzi osuka kwingqondo ukuya kwiphepha elichaphazelekayo.
I-Multiple sclerosis ibonakaliswa yimpendulo engavumelekanga yomzimba eyenza ukuba umonakalo oqhubekayo kwisigqubuthelo se-cell nerve (esaziwa njenge- myelin sheath ). Xa oko kwenzeka, iimbilini ezibonakalayo zingakwazi ukutshabalalisa okanye ukuhluleka ukuthetha nomnye kunye njengoko zifanele.
Ngokuxhomekeke apho imonakalo ivela khona, iifomthi ezichaphazelekayo zingenza izilonda (iiplates) uphawu lwesifo esiqhubekayo.
Xa oko kwenzeka kwi-nertic optic kunye / okanye i-retina, umntu unokufumana iimpawu ze- optic neuritis
Ezi zimpawu ziyahlukahluka ngokubhekiselele kumlinganiselo okanye kwindawo yeendawo. Iyakwenzeka kumntu omnye okanye zombini amehlo kwaye ingaquka:
- Iphunga eliphazamisayo emva kwamehlo akho
- Ubuhlungu xa ushukumisa iso lakho
- Ukukhubazeka kombono okanye ukulahleka
- Ukuhlamba okanye ukulahlekelwa kombala wombala
- Umbono wephutha lomhlaba
- Ukukhanyisa okanye ukukhanya okukhanyayo
Ukongezelela kumbono ngokwawo, umonakalo wemigudu yentsholongwane inokuchaphazela ukunyakaza kweso kunye nokukhokelela kwimibono emibini ( diplopia ) kunye nokunyuka kwamehlo okuzibandakanya ( nystagmus ).
Umfundi waseMarcus Gunn uyinxalenye yesifo seempawu ezinxulumene ne-optic neuritis. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayibonakali yedwa kwaye ihlala ihamba kunye nombono ongekho, intlungu, kunye neentloko.
Ukuxilongwa kukaMarcus Gunn
Uvavanyo oluvakalayo lokuhlola luvavanyo oluphambili olusetyenziselwa ukuxilonga umfundi waseMarcus Gunn.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa ukukhanya kukhanya ngokuthe ngqo kwijiso, bobabini abafundi baqinela ngexesha elinye (impendulo eyaziwa ngokuba yi- refupillary light reflex ). Oku akukwenzekayo kuMarcus Gunn umfundi. Kunoko, xa ukukhanya kuhanjiswe kwihlohlo elichaphazelekayo, kuya kuba kuphela ukunyanzeliswa komzimba kwabafundi ababini (okanye, kwimeko enzima, umphumo wokuthetha).
Ubunzima beempawu zingabalwa njengolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- I-RAPD epholileyo, ebonakaliswe ukutyunjwa kwabafundi ababuthathaka ngokulandelelana
- I-RAPD engqinelanayo apho ubungakanani bomfundi obungahlali
- I-RAPD ekhuselekileyo apho umfundi ochaphazelekayo egxila kumlinganiselo omkhulu
Unyango lukaMarcus Gunn umfundi
Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu beempawu, oogqirha banokugqiba isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi na unyango, ukuba kukho na.
I-MS-ehlobene ne-neuritis ye-optic ivame ukuzikhawulela, oku kuthetha ukuba kuya kwenzeka rhoqo ngexesha lokuphindaphindiwe nokuzilungisa ngaphandle kwonyango. Kwiimeko apho kufuneka unyango, izidakamizwa zokuguqula izifo zingachazwa.
I-Steroids nayo isetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-optic neuritis, ihanjiswe kwi-intravenously okanye kwipilisi. Xa kwenzeka ukulahleka kombono, ukuchithwa kwe-plasma ( plasmapheresis ) kunokucetyiswa .
> Umthombo:
> Blazek, P .; Davis, S; IGreenberg, B. et al. "Injongo yokubonakalisa isalathisi esinxulumene nesiphene kwi-MS." J Neuro Sci. 2012; 232 (1-2): 193-200.