Isibhengezo sokuhlolwa kweempendulo zempendulo
Ngaba uyazibuza ukuba ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana ukhangelelani nje ngokuba ukhanyisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo emehlweni akho? Qinisekisa ukuba lo mbane awuthetha ukucaphukisa-inenjongo kwaye inokuthi "ikhanyise" indlela inkqubo yakho yokukhathazeka isebenza ngayo.
Ngokuthe ngqo, lo vavanyo lwamehlo, olubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lokuphendula, lusetyenziswa ukuhlolisisa ukusebenza kwe-nervous nerve II (ebizwa ngokuba yi-optic nererve) kunye ne-nerve nerve III (ebizwa ngokuba yi-oculomotor nererve). I-nertic optic ihambisa iimpawu ezibonakalayo ukusuka kwi-retina ukuya kwingqondo. Ukulimala kwimbilini ye-optic (njenge- optic neuritis ) ingabangela iingxaki zombono.
I-oculomotor nerve ilawula ezine zeesithandathu zamehlo kwaye iphinda ilawule ukunyaniseka komfundi kunye nokukwazi kweso ukugxila. Ukulimala kwi-oculomotor nerve (efana nokulimala kwentloko, ukusuleleka, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, okanye isisu somzimba) kungabangela umbono obini okanye umfundi owandisiweyo okanye ophuculweyo.
Yintoni i PERRLA?
Xa ugqirha okanye umongikazi ehlola amehlo isigulane, i-PERRLA isichazizwi esisetyenziswe ukuchaza ukujonga nokusebenza kwamehlo. Imela:
- P pilils
- E qual
- R ound
- R esebenzayo
- L kwaye kunye
- Indawo yokuhlala (oku kuthetha ukukwazi kwamehlo ukugxila kwizinto ezisondeleyo kwaye kude)
Uvavanyo lwamehlo (oluchazwe yi-PERRLA) luya kuba yinto engavamile ukuba abafundi ba:
- Ayikho ubukhulu obulinganayo
- Ayikho ijikelezi (misshapen)
- Ungatshintshi (ungasebenzi) xa ukukhanya kukhanya phezu kwabo (kufuneka babe ncinane)
- Ungatshintshi (ungahlali) xa ukhangela into esondele okanye ikude
Uvavanyo lwePupillary Response Test oluchazwe ngu-PERRLA
Ukuqhuba uvavanyo lokuphendula impendulo , umntu uvame ukucelwa ukuba ahlale kwindawo eneklasi okanye igumbi ukwenzela ukufeza amanyathelo alandelayo:
- Ugqirha okanye umongikazi uya kujonga ukulingana phakathi kwabafundi ababini kwaye baqaphele ukuma nobungakanani ngaphambi kokuqalisa uvavanyo.
- I-flashlight encane ephathekayo ishukunyiswa ngaphaya nangaphandle phakathi kwamehlo emibini imizuzwana kwaye isetyenziswe ukukhanyisa ukukhanya emehlweni. Olu vavanyo lubizwa ngokuba "ukujijimisa ukukhanya kwe-flashlight." Ugqirha okanye umongikazi ubheka impendulo ngokuthe ngqo kumvavanyo wokukhanya kwe-flashlight, ukubona ukuba ngaba abafundi bafumana encinci (umda) ekuphenduleni ukukhanya okuthe ngqo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi iliso ukukhanya okujoliswe kuyo.
- Ngexesha elifanayo, isithintelo somnye umfundi kufuneka senzeke (oku kubizwa ngokuba yimpendulo yempendulo ).
- Ugqirha okanye umongikazi angasebenzisa ipeni okanye umnwe wenkcazo ukuze ubone indlela amehlo alungisa ngayo into. Umnwe utsalwa, phambili kwaye ecaleni kwicala ukuze ubone ukuba amehlo akwazi ukugxila. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abafundi baqine ngelixa baqulunqwe kwizinto ezitshintshiselweyo okanye kude.
Uphi uvavanyo lwe-PERRLA oluvezayo
Ukunciphisa ukuphendula ngokuthe ngqo ekukhanyeni kweliso linye kunokuba ngumqondiso wesiphene esithandanayo nesiphene (RAPD) . Kwakhona ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa ngumfundi waseMarcus Gunn.
Kukho iimeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezikhokelela kwi-RAPD njengale:
- Glaucoma ebonakalayo
- Optic neuritis
- I-tumtic tumor tumor
- I-Ischemic optic neuropathy (ebizwa nangokuthi "ukushaywa kweentsimbi ze-optic")
- Ukulimala kwentloko okonakalisa i-optic nererve
- Umonakalo ophandwayo kwi-optic nerve (ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwa yi-anesthesia, iliso, i-orbital, sinus, okanye uphando lweplastiki )
- Izifo ezithintekayo zengqondo
Indawo yokuhlala yokuhlala engavumelekanga (impendulo ekujongeni into ehambela iso) ingabangelwa yiimeko ezahlukeneyo, kuquka:
- Izilonda ze-optic nerve
- Izilonda ze-oculomotor nererve
ILizwi
Iliso liyilungu eliyinkimbinkimbi njengokuba iimbilini ezilawulayo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, uvavanyo olunjenge-test pupillary test usebenza njengefestile kwi-system yakho ye-nervous system.
Nangona uvavanyo olungaqhelekanga alukwazi ukubonelela ngokuchanekileyo, lubonisa ugqirha ukuba into ethile ayilungile kwaye kufuneka ukuba unyango olugqithiseleyo lufunekayo.
Njengamaxesha onke, qiniseka ukubuza ugqirha wakho malunga neempawu zakho kunye neziphumo zaluphi na uvavanyo olwenziwe ngamehlo nombono.
Imithombo:
Umbutho waseMelika we-Pediatric Ophthalmology. I-Third Pervy.
I-Blumenfeld H. I-Neuroanatomy ngokusebenzisa iiKliniki zeeKliniki: Izimpendulo zePupillary (CN II, III).
> I-DC yedolophu. (2012). Indlela yokuvavanya isalathisi esithandanayo nesiphene (RAPD). Uluntu lweMpilo yeeyile, 25, 79-80, 58-59.
Heiting G, uPalombi J. (Septemba 2016). Yintoni enokuyilindela ngexesha lovavanyo lweehlo olupheleleyo.