I-Scleroderma ayikho isifo esisodwa
I-Scleroderma iyimpawu yeqela lezifo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokukhula okungavamile kwezicubu ezinxibelelwano , izicubu ezixhasa ulusu kunye nezitho zangaphakathi. Uninzi lwe-rheumatologists lubhekisela kwisifo njenge-systemic sclerosis kunye nokubandakanyeka kwesikhumba njenge-scleroderma. I-Scleroderma ngokwezwi nezwi ithetha "isikhumba esinzima," esithathwe kumazwi esiGrike e- sklerosis (oko kuthetha ukukhuni) kunye ne- derma (oku kuthetha ulusu).
I-Scleroderma ithathwa njengesibini isifo se - rheumatic (iimeko ezibonakalisa ukuvuvukala kunye nentlungu kwiimisipha, amajoyina, okanye izicubu ezinamafutha) kunye nesifo soxubile.
Ezinye iintlobo ze-scleroderma zinomsebenzi ongeyomfuneko owenza ukuba lukhuni lukhuni kwaye luqinile. Ezinye iintlobo ziyanzima, zichaphazela imithana yegazi kunye nezitho zangaphakathi ezifana nentliziyo, imiphunga kunye neentso.
Kukho iiklasi ezimbini eziphambili ze-scleroderma: i-scleroderma yendawo, echaphazela kuphela iindawo ezithile zomzimba kwaye iquka i-scleroderma kunye ne-morphea, kunye ne-systemic sclerosis, echaphazela umzimba wonke.
Indawo yaseScleroderma
Iintlobo zendawo ezikhoyo ze-scleroderma zichaphazela ulusu kunye nezicubu ezinxulumene nazo, ngamanye amaxesha i-muscle engezantsi. Amalungu angaphakathi awachaphazelekayo.
I-scleroderma yangasese ayikwazi ukuqhubela phambili kwinkqubo yesistimu yesifo. Iintlobo zengingqi zingaphucula ngexesha elide, kodwa utshintsho lwesikhumba olwenzekayo xa isifo sisasebenza singasigxina.
Kungaba lukhulu kwaye lukhubaza.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-scleroderma yendawo: i-morphea kunye nelayari.
Morphea
Izilwanyana ezibomvu zesikhumba ezithintekayo kwiindawo ezimeleleyo ezinama-oval zihlukile kwi-morphea uhlobo lwe-scleroderma yendawo. Amaziko eemfestile zineendlovu, kunye nemida ebomvu. Iintlanzi ziyakwenzeka kwisifuba, isisu, umva, ubuso, iingalo kunye nemilenze.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zikhukhuza kancane kwaye zinokukhula kweenwele ezincinane. I-Morphea inokuthi ibe yindawo ehlala kuyo (ephantsi kwesinye okanye iindidi ezininzi, ukusuka kwisigidi-intshi ukuya kuma-intshi angu-12 ububanzi) okanye jikelele (i-skin patches iyanzima kwaye imnyama kwaye isasazeka kwiindawo ezinkulu zomzimba). I-Morphea ibonakala iphela kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kweyesihlanu, kodwa abantu banokuthi babe neentlanzi zesikhumba emnyama kwaye, nangona kungabonakali, ubuthathaka obubuthakathaka obuhlala.
Lombhalo
Umgca owodwa oqhelekileyo okanye ibhanti ekhuniweyo, isikhumba esingaqhelekanga ngokuqhelekileyo ubala uhlobo oluthile lwe-scleroderma yendawo. Umgca ugxila phantsi ingalo okanye umlenze kodwa ungagxotha phantsi ebunzini.
Systemic Sclerosis
I-Systemic sclerosis ayithinti kuphela i-skin kodwa iquka nemithambo yegazi kunye namaziko amakhulu.
I-CREST Syndrome
Abantu abane-systemic sclerosis bafumana zonke iimpawu ezilandelayo, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-CREST syndrome, isivakalisi:
- I-calcinosis: Ukuqulunqwa kwe-calcium kwiifom ezixhumeneyo.
- Ingqungquthela kaRaynaud: Imithambo encinane yegazi yezandla okanye iinyawo zeenkontileka ekuphenduleni ubanda okanye ukuxhalabisa.
- Ukungasebenzi kwe-Esophageal: Umsebenzi ongenakunzima we-oophagus uyenzeka xa izihlunu ezigqithiseleyo kwisisu zilahlekelwa yimfutho eqhelekileyo.
- I-Sclerodactyly: Isikhumba esinyeneyo kunye nesinyanzelo kwiminwe yakho kubangelwa kwidipozithi zeglajeni engaphezulu kweso sikhumba.
- I-Telangiectasias: Amabala amancinci amancinci ezandleni nasebusweni kubangelwa ukuvuvukala kwemithambo encinci yegazi.
Scleroderma
I-Systemic sclerosis ihlukaniswe ngamacandelo amabini, idibeneyo kwaye idlulele.
I-scleroderma encinci iqala ngokuhamba kancane kwaye iyanqandeka kwiindawo ezithile zesikhumba, ezifana neminwe, izandla, ubuso, izandla eziphantsi kunye nemilenze.
Isiganeko sikaRaynaud sisoloko sifumana amava ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale isikhumba sobunzima. Abanye bafumana iingxaki zesikhumba phezu komzimba omningi obonisa ukuphucula ngexesha elide, beshiya ubuso kunye nezandla kuphela ngesikhumba esomeleleyo, esinyanisiweyo. I-calcinosis kunye ne-telangiectasias zivame ukulandela.
Ngezinye iinkcukacha i-scleroderma ingabonwa ngokuba yi-CREST syndrome ngenxa yeempawu ezibonakalayo zeziganeko zezigulane.
Ukusabalalisa iSkleroderma
Ukusabalalisa i-scleroderma ngokuqhelekileyo iqala ngokukhawuleza. Ukuqina kwesikhumba kukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye kufaka amaninzi emzimbeni, ngokuqhelekileyo kumzekelo olinganayo. Amalungu amakhulu angaphakathi angonakaliswa. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo nge-disperse scleroderma ziquka:
- Ukukhathala
- Ukulahleka kwesidlo okanye ukulahleka kwesisindo
- Ukuvuvukala okuhlangeneyo
- Intlungu ehlangeneyo
Isikhumba singakhula, sibonakale sinyakama, kwaye siziva sinyanisekile kwaye sinobuhlungu. Umonakalo we-scleroderma ogqithisayo uqhubeka ngexesha leminyaka embalwa.
Emva kweminyaka emithathu ukuya kweyimihlanu, izigulane zivame ukuzinza, isigaba xa ukunyuka kwembonakalo kubonakala kuncinci kwaye iimpawu zingaphantsi-kodwa ngokukhawuleza, utshintsho lwesikhumba luqala kwakhona. Isigaba esibonwa njenge-softening senzeke, ngexesha apho i-collagen engaphantsi yenziwa kwaye umzimba uyazibhokoxa ngokwama-collagen angaphezulu.
Iinkalo zokugqibela zinyanyisiwe ziyancitshiswa ngokulula. Olunye ulusu lwesigulane lubuyela kwizinto ezibonakala ziqhelekileyo ngelixa ulusu lwabanye luba lukhuni kwaye lukhuni. Izigulane ezine-scleroderma ezahlukileyo zijongene neyona ndlela ibaluleke kakhulu xa ziba neengxaki ezinzima ezintsheni, kwimiphunga, entliziyweni, kunye neendlela zokutya.
Ngaphantsi kwengxenye yesithathu yezigulane ezinomdla wolwazi lwe-scleroderma zihlakulela iingxaki ezinzima kwizitho ezikhankanyiweyo.
Systemic Sclerosis Sine Scleroderma
Abanye baqaphela inkqubo ye-systemic sclerosis sine scleroderma njengoluhlu lwesithathu lwe-systemic sclerosis. Eli fom lichaphazela imithana yegazi kunye nezitho zangaphakathi, kodwa kungekhona isikhumba.
ILizwi
Kubalulekile ukuqonda uhlobo lwe-sclerosis ye-systemic efunyanwe nayo ukuze ukhethe unyango olungcono osebenza kuwe. Nangona kungekho nonyango lwe-systemic sclerosis okanye i-scleroderma, kukho iindlela ezikhoyo zokukunceda ukulawula imeko yakho, ukunciphisa iimpawu, kwaye uqhubeke uphila kakuhle.
> Imithombo:
> I-Scleroderma I-Handout On Health. NIAMS. http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Scleroderma/default.asp
> Firestein GS, uKelley WN. I-Kelleys Bookbook yeRheumatology . Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier / Saunders; 2013.