Inkqubo yokugaya iyenziwa ngamalungu asebenza kunye ukuze aguqulwe ukutya, enikwa izondlo ezisisiseko ezifunekayo ngumzimba, kumandla. Okubalulekileyo, inkqubo yokugaya isishubhu eside esivulwe kwiiphelo ezimbini. Ukutya kufaka kwelinye icala, emva koko kudlula ityhuba ende ngaphakathi komzimba obizwa ngokuba ngumgudu wamathumbu apho izondlo umzimba onokuzisebenzisa zifunyenwe, kwaye i-asele engagciniweyo iyanqunyulwa ukusuka kwesinye siphelo.
Inkqubo yokugaya ihamba ngokulula njengoko. Inkqubo yokutya, apho isibindi sithathwa njengengxenye, ibandakanya iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo kwaye eziyinkimbinkimbi ebalulekileyo ekutyeni komzimba kwezondlo. Le nkqubo iqala ngokungena kokutya.
Okubalulekileyo, imisebenzi ephambili yephepha le-GI kufuneka isetyenziswe kwaye isithumele ukutya, idibanise i-fluids kunye ne- enzymes efunekayo ukugonywa, ukuthatha iimveliso ezigayiweyo, kunye nokuphelisa imfucuza engapheliyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqonda ngakumbi ukuba ilungu ngalinye elibandakanyeka kwiphepha le-GI lisebenzisana njani kunye nendlela ezinye izitho ezisuka kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba ziphoqelelana, kubalulekile ukuba izigulane ze-hepatitis ziqonde kuqala apho ipheshana liqala-umlomo.
ITranstiestest Tract
Isondlo sesisu sisisigxina sexesha elide emzimbeni apho ukutya kudlula njengoko kuphuma kwinkqubo yokutya.
Isebenza njengesango lokutya njengoko lingena emlonyeni, kwaye umendo njengoko uyayikhathalela nge-pharynx ne- oophagus . I-GI Tract iphinda isebenze njengendawo yokugcoba i-sac njengokuba ukutya okufunyenwe kugqityiweyo esiswini ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe ngumzimba njengoko izondlo zithathwa kwezinye izakhiwo ze-anatomical zizaphulwa phantsi kwaye zihanjiswe.
Ekugqibeleni, lisebenza njengento "yokuthungela inkunkuma" njengoko iimpahla ezingezantsi zokugaya zixutywe phantsi kwebhubhu ngokusebenzisa i-anus.
Yonke le mi sebenzi ayigqityiwe ngephepha le-GI yedwa. I-enzymes, i-glands, i-pancreas, isibindi, i-gallbladder, kunye nezinye izitho kunye nezixhobo zamanzi ziya kunceda ukutya ukutya nokuthutha izondlo. Iqumrhu ngalinye liqhutyelwa ngama-hormone athi yonke inkqubo yomzimba isebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yokutya idibeneyo kwaye ihambelana nezinye iinkqubo zomzimba. Idibaniswe kwinkqubo yokujikeleza njengokuba amalungu ayo, njengobindi, aphethe uxanduva lokuthutha kunye / okanye ukucwangcisa izondlo ezivela emathunjini kumaqhina kuwo wonke umzimba. Inkqubo yeentlanzi, ezisoloko zichaphazela izigulane ze-hepatitis ngokukhawuleza xa kukho ingxaki, ikunceda ekulawuleni i-enzymes ukuba ikhutshwe, kunye nokuchithwa kwe-muscular ye-digestive system. Ezi zihlunu zibonelela ngokukhawuleza ukuze zitshise kwaye zihambise ukutya ngephepha le-GI. Amahomoni kunye nenkqubo yentsholongwane ye-neon entrinsic autonomic nerve police umsebenzi wephepha le-GI.
Lapho Izinto Zifumana kwi-Tract GI Tract
Ukuphela kokuphela kokuvulwa kwenkqubo yokutya yokutya apho ukutya kuqala khona ukuhamba kwayo ngumlomo.
Amazinyo angaphakathi emlonyeni ahlawuliswa ukuhlafuna nokuqhekeza ukutya ngaphandle kweentsimbi ezincinci. I-saliva, into eyimfucuza, ifihliwe kwaye ibhobise yonke into ukukhaba inkqubo yokuqhawula. I-saliva yenziwe nge-enzymes eqala inkqubo yokugaya i-carbohydrates kunye namafutha okuza kuhanjiswa ngaphaya komgudu wokugaya. Izigulane ze-Hepatitis zifanele ziqonde ukuba isebenza "njenge-adhesive", njengoko igcina ukutya ndawonye endleleni eya kwisisu. Ukutya okufunyenwe okuxutywe ngamathambo kuguqulwa kwinqanaba lebhola elibizwa ngokuba yi-bolus - elithunyelwa kwi-oopopus.
Kukho izihlunu ezingenakuzibandakanya kwi-esophagus ebunayo kunye nokunyusa ukutya kwisisu.
Njengoko ukutya kuye kwahlaziywa kunye neengqungquthela ze-salivary zijika zibe yi-bolus kwaye igxininiswe, iya kusuka emlonyeni ukuya kwi-pharynx. I-pharynx, okanye ngokubizwa ngokuba yiholo, yenza into yokucoca i-ingress kwisigxina. Izigulane ze-Hepatitis kufuneka ziqaphele ukuba ngaphandle kwendinyana yokutya ukuya kwi-esopha, i-pharynx nayo ithatha umoya kwi-windpipe kunye ne-larynx. Ukususela kwi-pharynx ukuya kwisisu, i-esophagus ngumgudu ongezantsi ophethe iindonga ze-muscular ezenza ukuba ukutya kusebenze ngamagqabi asisigxina esenza isivumelwano. Le nkqubo yaziwa ngokuba yi-peristalsis. Xa kwenzeka ukubethelwa kwe-peristaltic xa i-bolus igxinyiweyo, imisipha epholileyo emva kwe-bolus iyaqhaqhazela ukuba ingayi kuphinda ibuyele emlonyeni. Kukho umvuthwa oyingqungquthela oya kuyenza ngamandla ngokukhawuleza ukuba i-bolus ibe yincinci kwisisu. Inkqubo ye-peristalsis yinkqubo-ntshukumo eyodwa kuphela, ukuqhubela phambili nokugcina ukutya kuhamba phantsi ukuya kwisisu.
Iingxelo:
Kararli TT. Ukuthelekiswa kwezilwanyana zesisu, i-physiology, kunye ne-biochemistry yabantu kunye nezilwanyana ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo. I-Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1995 Jul; 16 (5): 351-80.
UMénard D. Uphuhliso olusebenzayo lwesigxina somntu esiswini: i-hormone- kunye nokukhula kweendlela eziphambeneyo zokulawula. Ingaba J Gastroenterol. 2004 Jan; 18 (1): 39-44.